肢体创伤性动脉病变的介入诊断与治疗

目的 评价介入放射方法诊断治疗肢体创伤性动脉病变的效果。方法 8例肢体动脉创伤伴有远端肢体缺血改变，其中2例伴大出血，伤者接受了选择性患肢动脉造影检查；7例随后进行了动脉病变的血管腔内介入治疗。治疗方法包括动脉分支或主干栓塞、动脉内溶栓和血管内支架置放。结果 血管造影精确显示了动脉破裂、假性动脉瘤、血栓形成或动脉内膜损伤等病变性质。3例假性动脉瘤、3例动脉血栓病变综合应用介入治疗方法取代外科手术获得满意疗效。1例溶栓后证实动脉破裂和1例造影证实动静脉瘘后转手术治疗。结论 介入放射与外科方法相结合能明显提高肢体动脉创伤的诊断治疗水平，有效挽救伤者肢体和生命。     

经皮等离子消融髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症: 28例随访报告

目的 探讨腰椎间盘突出症的治疗方法。方法经体格检查，CT和／或MRI检查确诊的腰椎间盘突出症患者28例，采用等离子消融髓核成形术治疗，以Prolo功能和经济结果评定法和VAS评分评定疗效。结果髓核成形组总体治疗成功率82．1％；平均住院时间7．6天，复发率10．8％。并发椎间盘炎1例，进行腰椎融合术后治愈。结论髓核成形术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的满意率较高，复发率低，住院治疗时间短，创伤小，不影响再次手术治疗。髓核成形术是一种安全、有效的治疗腰椎间盘突出症的微创介入治疗新方法。     

Short term correlates of the Neuro Emotional Technique for cancer-related traumatic stress symptoms: A pilot case series

Introduction As many as one quarter of all cancer survivors report traumatic stress symptoms from cancer-related experiences. While the majority of these patients do not meet the criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is growing evidence that subsyndromal symptoms can significantly contribute to functional impairment and negative health outcomes. Treatment options for the hallmark symptoms of traumatic stress—unpleasant, intrusive thoughts and avoidant behaviors—have not been well investigated for the cancer survivorship population. Materials and methods Seven female cancer survivors with traumatic stress symptoms from cancer-related experiences and no other major psychopathology, were enrolled to receive three sessions of Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET), a brief, targeted treatment that combines traditional desensitization principles with complementary modalities. Results Psychological outcome measures (Impact of Event Scale (IES) and Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) and physiological measures (Heart Rate (HR) and Skin Conductance Level (SCL) demonstrated the following changes: 71% on IES, 88% SUD, 74% on HR, and 65% on SCL following the intervention. Statistically significant changes were observed for all four parameters, and effect size g for proportion improved were 0.50 each for IES, SUD, and HR, and 0.20 for SCL. Conclusions These cases suggest feasibility of the NET intervention for cancer-related traumatic stress and the potential for change in symptoms and physiological reactivity. Further investigation is needed to determine the specific and long-term effects of such an approach. Implications for cancer survivors Traumatic stress from cancer-related experiences might represent a constellation of symptoms that are amenable to brief, targeted interventions. This study was supported by the O.N.E. Research Foundation     

审慎诊治脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤

目的 探讨脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤的传统治疗、影像学临床特点及确诊符合率，以指导临床。方法 经临床确诊为脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤患者26例26眼，年龄41～73岁。术前视力0．2至光感。局部及全身检查除外肿瘤原发病灶及转移病灶。结果 26例行眼球摘除术，病理检查结果符合率为88．46％（23／26）。3例3眼病理检查结果为脉络膜出血。结论 审慎诊治脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤，提高确诊率，现代的包括手术在内的治疗方法应加以考虑。     

股骨转子间骨折微创内固定术的临床分析

目的回顾分析股骨转子间骨折微创内固定术以提高其临床疗效.方法回顾分析C形臂X线光机透视下闭合复位,经皮动力髋螺钉(DHS)内固定术治疗股骨转子间骨折109例,男68例,女41例;年龄42～92岁,平均67.5岁.结果切口长度平均5.1cm;出血量平均49.5ml;手术时间平均38分钟;骨折全部愈合,临床愈合时间58～82天,平均66.5天;2例改切开复位内固定术;2例切口形成血肿;2例术中股骨颈后壁磨穿;1例因过度内旋固定致髋关节外旋受限;其余108例髋关节功能均正常.3例套筒钢板与股骨纵轴不一致;2例股外侧肌医源性损伤.X线评价:5例粗隆上移0.8～1.5cm;109例中未见髋内翻、髋螺钉切割、拔出或穿透股骨头.结论经皮DHS内固定术,是目前治疗股骨转子间骨折新的理想的微创治疗技术.严格掌握手术适应症,正确的手术操作,适时进行康复锻炼是治疗成功的关键,但微创手术内固定器械尚有待改进.     

支气管结核在纤维支气管镜下治疗方法的探讨

目的 :探讨支气管结核在纤维支气管镜下治疗的方法及价值。方法 :对 2 5例支气管结核病人 ,在全身抗结核治疗的同时分别实施镜下注药治疗、微波接触式辐射治疗和球囊扩张术 局部注药治疗。结果 :在全身抗结核治疗的同时运用上述几种镜下治疗方法 ,支气管局部病灶较镜下治疗前均有明显好转。结论 :利用纤维支气管镜对支气管结核病人进行局部治疗 ,可加快病灶的吸收和症状的改善 ,值得推广应用     

An alternative mechanism of actions for neuroleptic and antidepressant drugs

It has earlier been proposed by the author that the aetiology of schizophrenic symptomatology may be due to the presence of abnormally connected interhemispheric fibres which link specialised functions in the brains of schizophrenics that are not connected in normal subjects, and that the neuroleptic drugs may produce their action through a local anaesthetic-like effect in suppression of conduction in these fibres. This line of thought has been extended here to consider the possible mechanism of action of the neuroleptic drugs in more detail, as well as that of the tricyclic antidepressant drugs which are derivatives of the phenothiazine group. Pharmacological similarities with the local anaesthetics both structurally and functionally have been considered, as well as the effects that these drug groups may have in common with the lithium salts. It has been suggested that these drugs all produce their primary effect on cell membranes, though not necessarily at the synapse, that the time course of their clinical effect may correlate with their incorporation into various cell membranes within the CNS, and that they may thus bring about a fundamental alteration in cell membrane microstructure. The possible role of electroconvulsive therapy has also been considered. The corollary of this argument is that the affective disorders may be genetically determined diseases of cell membrane microstructure.     

Hyperthyroidism associated with papilloedema and pyramidal tract involvement

Summary In a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes [MELAS] who had normal mitochondrial enzyme activity, high doses of coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ) were administered. Clinical improvement with decreased serum lactate and pyruvate levels was observed. Though the mechanism of action of CoQ is not known, a trial is worthwhile in patients with MELAS.     

BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床特征和外科治疗

目的探讨BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床特征和治疗方法。方法回顾性总结29例BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床资料,分析本型胃癌的临床表现、病理特点以及手术治疗的特殊性。结果全部患者均有上腹饱胀、隐痛不适、食欲不振,同时伴有明显的进行性消瘦,短期内体重明显减轻等临床症状。术前病理确诊为本型胃癌者24例。5例患者胃镜诊断为浅表型胃炎。获根治性切除22例,姑息性远侧胃切除者3例,放弃手术者4例。其1、2、3年生存率分别为38.9%、8.3%、0%。结论(1)BorrmannⅣ型胃癌是一种恶性程度极高的胃癌,其具有独特的生物学特性,治疗效果差,生存期短,预后不佳。(2)对BorrmannⅣ型胃癌应强调以根治性全胃切除和联合脏器切除为主的综合治疗方法。