生殖道沙眼衣原体感染与不孕和自然流产的关系

采用荧光染色技术对１１０例不孕症和３２例自然流产病例的宫颈刮片标本进行检测，其中有３５例（３１．８％）不孕症和１４例（４３．７％）自然而产病人的宫颈上皮细胞内检出沙眼衣原体包涵体。与此同时，对这些阳性病例的配偶进行尿道粘膜印片检查，分别检出尿道粘膜上皮细胞内沙眼衣原体包涵体２９例（８２．６％）和１１例（７８．８％）。对照组系１３６例正常妊娠的孕妇和２００例妇女病普查的病例，分别检出衣原体包涵体５．８％和９．０５％。研究结果表明不孕和自然流产与生殖道沙眼衣原体感染有关。     

Fos Expression in the Rat Brain Following Vaginal-Cervical Stimulation by Mating and Manual Probing

Vaginal-cervical stimulation (VCS), provided by mating or manual probing, induces many reproductive behavioral and endocrine changes in female rats. These changes include an increase in lordosis duration, heat termination and pseudopregnancy. Electro-physiological and [¹⁴C]2-deoxy-D-glucose studies collectively show that neurons in the medial preoptic area, ventromedial hypothalamus and midbrain central gray respond to manual VCS. In the present study we immunocytochemically labeled brain sections for Fos, the protein product of the immediate early gene c-fos, to detect VCS-responsive neurons in hormone-primed animals receiving VCS by mating or manual probing. In Experiment 1, females receiving mounts and intromissions were compared to: 1) vaginally-masked females receiving mounts but no VCS, 2) females exposed to an intact anesthetized male or 3) females not exposed to males or the testing arena. Those animals receiving VCS showed a dramatic increase in the number of Fos-immunoreactive cells in the medial preoptic area, posterodorsal portion of the medial amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, as well as the dorsomedial hypothalamus, ventromedial hypothalamus and midbrain central gray. These effects of VCS were confirmed in Experiment 2 in animals receiving manual vaginal-cervical probing. These findings extend previous electrophysiological and [¹⁴C]2-deoxy-D-glucose studies by providing evidence that additional brain areas respond to VCS by mating, as well as manual probing.     

132例男性不育患者遗传学病因分析

目的：对男性不育患者进行遗传学病因分析，并探讨其遗传效应。方法：采取132例男性不育患者外周血进行染色体核型分析。结果：132例男性不育患者中，染色体异常24例，染色体变异22例。其中大Y20例，47，XXY18例，45．XY，t(13；14)3例，小Y和46，XY，inv(9)各2例，46，XY，t(9；22)1例。结论：染色体异常是男性不育的重要原因，并建议男性不育患者进行基因诊断，以便确诊是否属于遗传病，为生育提供指导，避免盲目治疗。     

A female case with Down syndrome and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder

Although the prevalence of a learned voiding dysfunction and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (NNB), which is one type of dysfunctional elimination syndrome, is considered to be relatively rare, the association of NNB with Down syndrome (DS) has been elucidated in male patients. We herein describe the occurrence of NNB in an adult female with DS. The diagnosis was confirmed after completely ruling out any neurological or anatomical anomalies that could be related to a lower urinary tract dysfunction. She had renal dysfunction and multiple obstructive uropathies for which clean intermittent catheterization was successfully introduced.     

82例双胎妊娠及其围产儿分析

自１９８８年１月～１９９３年１２月我院共分娩１０１２４例，双胎８２例。结果表明：双胎组早产，妊高征、贫血、胎膜早破、产后出血和围产儿死亡率明显高于单胎组，为此提出：①有双胎家族史、由药物诱导排卵的孕妇、孕吐严重、先兆流产和子宫大于停经月份者应作Ｂ超检查，有助于双胎的早期诊断。②妊娠３２周以后，双胎孕妇应连续卧床休息，注意营养，治疗合并症，对减少早产、增加新生儿体重和降低围产儿死亡率有重要意义。     

Investigation of aneuploidy induction in mouse oocytes following exposure to vinblastine-sulfate,pyrimethamine, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate,or chloral hydrate

The various causative and mechanistic phenomena associated with aneuploidy induction require considerable investigation to better understand the etiology of chromosome missegregation. We investigated the potential of vinblastine sulfate, pyrimethamine, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and chloral hydrate to induce numerical and structural chromosome changes in female mouse germ cells. Superovulated ICR mice were administered the compounds either by intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage, and oocytes were collected and processed for cytogenetic analysis 17 hr later. Vinblastine sulfate, administered i.p., induced a significant increase in the frequency of ovulated Ml oocytes and of hyperploid Mll oocytes compared to controls, but did not increase the frequency of structural aberrations. Pyrimethamine, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and chloral hydrate did not increase the frequency of numerical or structural chromosome changes in female mouse germ cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

精子顶体酶活性检测对诊断男性不育症的价值

目的比较各种质量精液的精子顶体酶活性。方法分光光度比色法检测顶体酶活性。结果各种质量精液的精子顶体酶活性均显著低于对照组P<0.001。结论精子顶体酶可作为了解精子生育力的一项可靠指标。     

Women's knowledge, practises, and intentions regarding correct pelvic floor exercises.

AIM: Although research has demonstrated the efficacy of pelvic floor exercises (PFXs) for the prevention and treatment of female urinary incontinence (FUI), adherence to PFX regimens is commonly poor. There is some evidence that this finding is in part due to a lack of knowledge about how to perform PFXs correctly and misconceptions about the required frequency and duration of PFX regimens. METHODS: By using a sample of 720 postpartum women, this study investigates women's PFX regimens both before and during pregnancy and postpartum. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated that most women were aware of the required frequency for PFXs (at least every second day): just over half had done them this often during pregnancy and 91% intended to do so postpartum. However, few had done them at this level before pregnancy and less than half knew that PFXs should be carried out indefinitely throughout the lifetime. Moreover, only two thirds were confident that they were doing PFXs correctly. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that, despite good knowledge of the required frequency of PFXs, few women practise them regularly over their lifetime, many apparently perceiving PFXs as relevant only to the childbirth years. Implications for health professionals in addressing these gaps in women's knowledge and practises are discussed.     

生精丸治疗男性不育60例临床研究

目的观察生精丸对男性不育的治疗作用.方法选择120例男性不育患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组.每组60例,分别给予生精丸和五子衍宗丸治疗.治疗前后以WLJY-9000伟力彩色精子质检系统进行精液参数分析,并检测血液睾酮(T)水平,同时观察病人服用生精丸期间有无明显不良反应.结果治疗组精子密度、活率、活力以及运动参数和睾酮水平等指标均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),痊愈率、显效率及总有效率亦高于对照组(P＜0.05),且服药期间无明显的不良反应.结论生精丸有从整体上纠正精液异常的功效,能使病人精子数量、质量、睾酮水平得到提高.