益肾健脾泻浊中药对慢性肾脏病妊娠大鼠肾脏NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β信号通路及细胞焦亡的影响＊

目的 观察益肾健脾泻浊中药对慢性肾脏病妊娠大鼠肾脏NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β信号通路及细胞焦亡的影响。方法 将雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为6组，分别为对照组（Sham）、对照组 + 妊娠组（SP）、单侧输尿管结扎组（UUO）、UUO + 妊娠组（UP）、UUO + 妊娠 + 益肾健脾泻浊中药组（TCM）、UUO + 妊娠 + 依普利酮组（EPL）。UUO各组采用结扎单侧输尿管的方法复制慢性肾病模型，治疗组分别给予依普利酮100 mg?（kg?天）^-1和益肾健脾泻浊方3.11 g?（kg?天）^-1治疗。8周后妊娠各组大鼠按动情周期与雄鼠合笼，妊娠第19天处死母鼠。检测各组肾功能，醛固酮含量，采用SABC法及Western blot法检测核因子κB（Nuclear factor-kappa B，NF-κB）、核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白3 NOD［nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3，NLRP3］、天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白1［Caspase-1］、白介素1β（Interleukine-1 beta，IL-1β）的表达，TUNEL法检测肾细胞DNA损伤情况。结果 与UUO组比较，UP组血清肌酐（Scr）、血尿素氮（BUN）和24 h尿蛋白及醛固酮含量较Sham组显著升高（P < 0.05），治疗后，两给药组Scr、BUN、24 h尿蛋白、醛固酮显著降低（P < 0.05）。与Sham组比较，SP组大鼠肾组织NF-κB、NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β表达明显升高（P < 0.05），TUNEL阳性细胞少量增加（P < 0.05）。NLRP3炎症小体主要表达于浸润巨噬细胞及肾小管上皮细胞；Caspase-1和IL-1β主要表达于肾小管上皮细胞胞浆；TUNEL阳性细胞主要见于远端小管上皮细胞。与UUO组比较，UP组大鼠肾组织NF-κB、NLRP3、Pro-caspase-1、Caspase-1、Pro-IL-1β、IL-1β指标表达也明显升高（P < 0.05），TUNEL阳性细胞明显增多（P < 0.05）。与UP组比较，EPL、TCM组大鼠肾组织上述指标表达明显降低（P < 0.05），TUNEL阳性细胞明显减少（P < 0.05）。两个给药组间各项指标无明显差异。结论 益肾健脾泻浊方及依普利酮可缓解慢性肾病妊娠大鼠肾脏炎症损伤，下调肾脏NLRP3炎症小体信号通路分子表达，从而抑制细胞焦亡，减轻肾脏炎症损伤。     

Food Preparation Knowledge and Confidence of Young Adults

Abstract

Consumer complaints about food products have increased over the past decade due, in part, to consumer error in the preparation of products. Although the food industry assumes that consumers are knowledgeable about food preparation at all stages ranging from purchasing to preparation to storage, little is known about consumers' actual knowledge. The study reported here assessed young adults' food preparation knowledge as well as examined their confidence in their food preparation abilities. Guidelines, based on the findings, are proposed for writing food preparation instructions that have the potential to minimize consumer error and subsequent complaints.     

傅青主保产无忧散的临床应用进展

为了解傅青主保产无忧散的临床应用情况，本文从傅青主保产无忧散的起源、药理作用、临床研究等方面对保产无忧散进行梳理分析，发现保产无忧散有养血、益气、理气的作用。临床上具有防治难产，治疗多种原因导致的先兆流产、早产，可将晚期妊娠臀位、横位转为头位以利于阴道分娩，对过期妊娠有一定的催引产效果，对于妊娠期特发性黄疸、肝功能异常等妊娠期并发症有防治作用，还可用于治疗胃脘痛，配合针刺促卵泡发育治疗女性不孕症，值得进一步研究。     

栗锦迁降糖方对2型糖尿病患者中医临床症状的影响

[目的]分析栗锦迁降糖方对2型糖尿病(T2DM)气阴两虚型患者中医临床症状的改善疗效。[方法]采用随机分组方法,将入选的159例患者分为2组,对照组使用西医基础治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合应用栗锦迁降糖方,分析对比2组临床疗效。[结果]治疗组中医临床症状改善程度明显优于对照组,具有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]栗锦迁降糖方联合西药疗法对改善糖尿病患者临床症状效果显著,具有临床价值。     

Anti-inflammatory and Anti-ulcerogenic Activities of Chantaleela Recipe

Chantaleela recipe is indicated for relieving fever in Thai traditional folk medicine. In the present study, Chantaleela recipe was investigated for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-ulcerogenic activities. In preliminary investigation Chantaleela recipe was found to exert an inhibitory activity on the acute phase of inflammation as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema as well as in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of Chantaleela recipe may be due to an inhibition via cyclooxygenase pathway. In the analgesic test, Chantaleela recipe showed a significant analgesic activity in both the early and late phases of formalin test, but exerted the most pronounced effect in the late phase. The analgesic activity of Chantaleela recipe may act via mechanism at peripheral and partly central nervous system. In antipyretic test, Chantaleela recipe significantly decreased rectal temperature of brewer''s yeast-induced hyperthermia rats, probably by inhibiting synthesis and/or release of prostaglandin E₂ in the hypothalamus. Therefore, the key mechanism of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity of the Chantaleela recipe likely involves the inhibition of the synthesis and/or release of inflammatory or pain mediators, especially prostaglandins. The oral administration of the Chantaleela recipe reduced ulcer formation in acute gastric ulcer models (EtOH/HCl-, indomethacin-, and stress-induced gastric lesions). In contrast, this recipe did not reduce the secretory rate, total acidity, and increase pH in rat stomach. These results indicated that Chantaleela seem to possess anti-ulcerogenic effect. This activity may be due to the increase of gastric mucosal resistance or potentiation of defensive factors and/or the decrease of aggressive factors but did not associate the anti-secretory activity. Moreover, the high oral doses treated did not cause acute toxicity in rats and the long term oral administration did not produce gastric and ileum lesions.     

Successful Treatment of Erdheim-Chester Disease With Coronary Artery Involvement

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis and inflammatory myeloid neoplasm with poor prognosis. Symmetric long bone osteosclerosis occurs in nearly all patients, but other organs are often involved. Coronary artery involvement is rare, but was encountered in a patient who experienced angina. Radiologic presentation and histologic findings were consistent with diagnosis of ECD. A soft-tissue mass was found surrounding the right atrium, ascending aorta, and all branches of coronary artery. Interferon-alfa treatment was successful. In conclusion, we recommend coronary artery computed tomography angiography for cardiovascular evaluation of ECD and interferon-alfa to treat ECD.     

健脾养阴化瘀祛痰法治疗糖尿病合并脑梗死临床研究

目的：探讨健脾养阴化瘀祛痰法治疗糖尿病合并脑梗死的临床疗效。方法：将60例糖尿病合并脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各30例，对照组给予常规治疗，治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予健脾养阴、化瘀祛痰之健脾通络汤，观察两组疗效及不良反应。4周为1个疗程。结果：治疗组有效率为93.33%，对照组有效率为73.33%，治疗组明显优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：健脾养阴化瘀祛痰法治疗糖尿病合并脑梗死，能明显减轻躯体不适症状，疗效稳定，安全可靠。文献引用：徐喜玲.健脾养阴化瘀祛痰法治疗糖尿病合并脑梗死临床研究[ J].中医学报，2014，29（11）：1575-1576.     

仝小林运用茯苓、生白术、泽泻利脾湿经验

茯苓、生白术、泽泻是仝小林院士临床常用的利脾湿三味小方。仝小林认为,现今多种疾病以脾虚湿困为基本病机。茯苓可利水渗湿,常用剂量为9~120 g;生白术可健脾燥湿,常用剂量为9~90 g;泽泻渗湿化浊,常用剂量为15~30 g。利脾湿三味小方用于代谢性疾病、内分泌、消化系统疾病等有脾湿之证。     

健脾祛湿方对肥胖合并糖尿病患者脂质代谢的影响

目的:探讨健脾祛湿方对肥胖合并糖尿病患者脂质代谢的影响。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月南阳市第一人民医院收治的肥胖合并糖尿病患者100例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予阿托伐他汀钙片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上,给予健脾祛湿方治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗12周后,比较2组患者血脂指标:总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)改善情况;比较2组患者肥胖指标:体重、体质指数(BMI)改善情况。比较2组临床疗效和不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,2组患者TC、TG、LDL-C、体重、BMI均显著降低(P0.05),HDL-C均显著升高(p0.05),观察组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组临床疗效总有效率(92%)显著高于对照组总有效率(76%)(P0.05),观察组不良反应发生率(4%)显著低于对照组不良反应发生率(16%)(P0.05)。结论:健脾祛湿方能显著改善肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者的脂质代谢异常,控制患者体重,临床疗效显著,值得借鉴推广。