腹腔镜胃癌根治术在早期胃癌的近期临床疗效和应激因子的研究

目的探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术在早期胃癌的近期临床疗效和免疫水平。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月124例早期胃癌的患者资料,将其分为腔镜组与开腹组,每组各62例。采用SPSS21.0统计软件进行分析,围术期各项指标及免疫学指标采用( ±s)表示,独立t检验;临床治疗效果采用秩和检验;并发症发生率采用χ²检验,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。 结果腔镜组患者的术中出血量少于开腹组,而手术时间、肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、进食时间和术后住院时间均短于开腹组(P<0.05),而总不良反应发生率(9.7%)低于开腹组(25.8%);治疗后两组患者的hs－CRP 、IL－6和TNF－α值均有所升高,而腔镜组患者升高值均低于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论腹腔镜胃癌根治术对早期胃癌患者治疗的手术效果优于开腹胃癌根治术,且术后并发症少,对免疫功能的影响较小,适合临床上应用。     

腹腔镜全胃切除术后不同消化道重建方式对胃癌患者的临床疗效研究

目的探讨腹腔镜全胃切除术后不同消化道重建方式对胃癌患者的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年1月86例行腹腔镜全胃切除的胃癌患者资料,根据消化道重建方式不同,分为研究组和对照组各43例,对照组采用传统Roux－en－Y吻合术重建消化道,研究组采用双通道空肠间置消化道重建。数据采用SPSS17.0进行分析,并发症等计数资料行χ²检验;围手术指标、血液营养指标等计量资料采用( ±s)表示,独立t检验,P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果两组首次进食时间、消化道重建时间、首次排气时间、手术出血量和住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组与对照组比较,围术期并发症(9.8%比27.5%)和术后并发症(21.9%比47.5%),研究组均低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组营养指标及体质量的变化优于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论胃癌全胃切除术患者采用双通道空肠间置消化道重建,可降低并发症发生率,改善患者预后。     

腹腔镜全胃切除术两种消化道重建方式对肠道通透性影响研究

目的比较非离断式与传统式Roux-en-Y吻合在腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术重建中的疗效及对患者肠道黏膜通透性的影响。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年2月收治的60例行腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术的胃癌患者。根据术中消化道重建方式不同,将行非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合的30例患者列为A组,传统式Roux-en-Y吻合的30例列为B组。应用SPSS23.0统计软件进行统计分析,围手术指标、肠道黏膜通透性指标等计量资料以(±s)表示,比较采用独立t检验;术后并发症采用χ^2检验,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果A组术中出血量少于B组,术后恢复排气时间短于B组(P<0.05)。B组发生RSS的发生率高于A组(P<0.05)。A组L/M数值、血浆D-乳酸水平、血清内毒素水平、DAO值均低于B组,血浆Gln水平高于B组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合较传统式相比具有出血量少、肛门恢复排气时间快、Roux瘀血综合征发生率低等临床优势,且对患者肠道通透性的影响较小,可推广应用。     

腹腔镜胃楔形切除术与经脐单孔腔镜胃楔形切除术的临床疗效对比分析

目的对比腹腔镜胃楔形切除术与经脐单孔腔镜胃楔形切除术的临床疗效。 方法回顾性选取2016年1月至2019年4月确诊为胃间质瘤且行腹腔镜胃楔形切除术的63例患者进行研究。根据手术方式不同36例行腹腔镜胃楔形切除术患者列为五孔组,将27行经脐单孔腔镜胃楔形切除术患者列为单孔组。采用SPSS 25.0统计学软件进行数据分析,围术期指标、营养指标、生活质量评分等计量资料采用( ±s)表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;术后并发症等计数资料组间比较卡方χ²检验;等级计数资料采用秩和检验。P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果两组均顺利完成手术,无死亡、中转开腹或转为开腹手术病例,术后病理证实均为R0切除。单孔组手术时间及术中出血量少于五孔组(P<0.05);术后排气时间、住院时间、术后并发症、术后营养指标等,两组差异均无统计学意义。术后3个月单孔组患者生理职(功)能、躯体疼痛优于五孔组(P<0.05),其他生活质量评分差异均无统计学意义。 结论经脐单孔腹腔镜胃楔形切除术疗效较常规腹腔镜胃楔形切除术近似,且具有术时短、出血少、更微创等优势,可在临床中逐步推广应用。     

Altered systematic glucose utilization after gastrectomy: correlation with weight loss

BackgroundAlthough gastrectomy induces weight loss and improves glucose homeostasis, the mechanism is not clearly elucidated.ObjectiveWeight loss after gastrectomy for gastric cancer may be the result from not only altered nutrition absorption but also systematic endocrinologic changes after bariatric-like surgery. No clinical studies have evaluated the altered glucose metabolism associated with postoperative weight loss in gastric cancer patients.SettingA retrospective analysis of a tertiary medical center.MethodsWe evaluated changes in ¹⁸ F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography and weight change in patients who underwent gastrectomy. Participants comprised initially overweight (body mass index ≥23 kg/m²), who underwent ¹⁸ F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography at 6 to 12 months after gastrectomy for early gastric cancer (n = 149). Small bowel, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), and skeletal muscle glycolysis were semiquantified using positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Measures were bifurcated or combined into values that correlated with ≥5% weight loss.ResultsWeight (median decrement, −3.3 kg), cholesterol level (−15 mg/dL), and body fat (−26.1%) significantly decreased after surgery. Substantial weight loss was significantly correlated with increased small bowel uptake of ¹⁸ F-fluorodeoxyglucose (≥5% weight loss versus <5% weight loss: 1.91 versus 1.69). Patients with an increased bowel uptake showed an increase in WAT uptake (P = .01). Patients with both increased small bowel and WAT uptakes were significantly correlated with weight loss (odds ratio: 9.67, 95% confidence interval 2.65–35.22).ConclusionsPatients with increased small bowel glycolysis and increased WAT uptake after gastrectomy are likely to lose weight. Altered glucose distribution contributes to improvement of the metabolic parameter after gastrectomy. We have shown evidence of bariatric surgery–like endocrinologic changes in gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy.     

全胃多发类癌一例

1 临床资料 患者女,46岁。因进食后腹胀小适1年余,期间无腹痛、恶心、呕吐、反酸、暖气、呕血、黑便等症状,于当地乡镇卫生院就诊,行上消化道钡餐造影检查,诊断为慢性萎缩性胃炎,给予促胃肠动力、抑酸、保护胃黏膜等保守治疗后症状缓解。此后反复发作腹胀不适,为求进一步诊断与治疗患者于2012年8月28日来我院普通外科就诊。患者自述慢性萎缩性胃炎病史10余年、体格检查：胸部和腹部均无阳性体征。     

达芬奇机器人与腹腔镜行胃癌根治术的对照研究

目的：探讨全机器人系统进行胃癌根治术的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年7月间在南京军区南京总医院行机器人胃癌根治术的100例胃癌患者（机器人组）的临床资料,并选取同期行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的100例胃癌患者作为对照（腹腔镜组）。腹腔镜组均采用辅助小切口行体外消化道重建,机器人组则采用体内镜下行消化道重建。结果所有机器人组患者均顺利完成手术,而腹腔镜组有1例因术中出血中转开腹。机器人组较腹腔镜组手术切口短[（4．2±1．7） cm比（8．9±2．6） cm, P＝0．028],术中出血少[（60±16） ml比（98±17） ml, P＝0．005],手术时间长[（237±46） min比（188±52） min, P＝0．001],术后住院时间短[（5．3±2．6） d比（6．1±3．1） d, P＝0．018],但两组淋巴结清扫数目、肿瘤上下切缘距离、术后排气时间及术后并发症发生率方面的差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。结论全机器人系统行胃癌根治术安全、有效,较腹腔镜手术短期效果更佳。     

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in long-term follow-up after curative gastric resection with D2 lymphadenectomy: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundExocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) can be a problem following gastrectomies. This study aimed to reveal the EPI prevalence and its possible causes in gastric cancer patients that underwent subtotal or total gastrectomy, with completed oncological treatments, and with long-term disease-free survival success. Additionally, we also sought to determine whether there were any relations between EPI and blood biomarkers, weight change, malnutrition parameters, and quality of life after gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 69 gastric cancer patients whose oncological treatments had already been completed, with a minimum follow-up period of 16 months, were included in the study. Fecal samples were taken from all patients for the Fecal Elastase-1 Test, and patients were stratified into three groups based on the results: low (<100 μg/g), moderate (100–200 μg/g), and normal (>200 μg/g). These results were compared with patients’ clinical characteristics, blood nutrition biomarkers, Maastricht indexes (MI), Bristol stool scale, and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) scores.ResultsFE-1 levels were low in 33 (47.8%) of the patients, moderate in 11 (15.9%), and normal in 25 (36.2%). The rate of patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the low FE-1 group was higher than the normal FE-1 and moderate FE-1 groups (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively). The serum total protein and lipase levels were lower in the low FE-1 group than in the normal FE-1 group (P = 0.023 and P < 0.001, respectively). When compared to the normal FE-1 group, the MI score of the low FE-1 group was higher (P = 0.018). The low FE-1 group had lower GIQLI gastrointestinal symptom scores than the normal FE-1 group (P = 0.046).ConclusionsDuring long-term follow-up, EPI can be seen in more than half of patients with gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy. Radiotherapy as an adjunct to adjuvant treatment in the postoperative period is considered a serious risk factor for EPI development. EPI contributes to malnutrition development after gastrectomy and negatively affects the patients’ quality of life, especially in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms.     

Inpatient survival after gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the 21st century

Background

Surgical treatment for gastric cancer has evolved substantially. To understand how changes in patient- and hospital-level factors are associated with outcomes over the last decade, we examined a nationally representative sample.

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional discharge data from the 2001–2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample were analyzed using cross tabulation and multivariable regression modeling. Patients with a primary diagnosis of gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy as primary procedure were included. We examined relationships between patient- and hospital-level factors, surgery type, and outcomes including in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS).

Results

A total of 67,327 patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy nationwide with complete information were included. Compared with patients treated in 2001, patients in 2010 were younger, more likely admitted electively, treated in a teaching hospital, or at an urban center. There was no difference in the type of procedure performed over time. Factors associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality included older age, male gender, and nonelective admission (P < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, patients undergoing gastrectomy in 2010 demonstrated 40% lower odds of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.60; P = 0.008). Overall mean LOS was 13.9 d (standard error, 0.1) without change over time. Factors associated with longer LOS included procedure type, hospital location, nonelective admission, and comorbid disease (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality among surgically treated patients with gastric cancer decreased >40% between 2001 and 2010. Further research is warranted to determine if these findings are due to better patient selection, regionalization of care, or improvement of in-hospital quality of care.     

腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗胃上部癌的近期疗效观察

目的:探讨腹腔镜全胃切除术治疗胃上部癌的近期疗效及临床应用。方法:回顾分析2010年1月至2012年1月86例胃上部癌患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术组(A组,n=39)及腹腔镜根治性近侧胃大部分切除术组(B组,n=47),观察两组手术时间、淋巴结清扫率、术后并发症情况。结果:两组手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开腹,患者均康复出院。A组手术时间、淋巴结清扫率、术中出血量明显大于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但出血量均较小,未输血。两组肛门排气时间,进食时间,下床活动时间,术后住院时间,吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄、肺部感染、腹腔感染等并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组术后反流量较B组明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗胃上部癌术后并发症较少,具有明显的抗反流效果,且微创优势明显,淋巴结清扫率高,值得临床推广。但与根治性全胃切除术相比,近、远期疗效尚缺乏大宗病例的对照研究,且远期疗效尚无对比研究。