Barbed Sutures and Tendon Repair—a Review

Introduction

Traumatic tendon lacerations are a common problem encountered by hand surgeons worldwide. Although the use of barbed suture to repair tendon lacerations has gained theoretical popularity in recent years, there is little information available regarding the safety, efficacy, longevity, or complications encountered when used in tenorraphy. In this study, we review the available literature on the use of barbed suture in tendon repair.

Methods

Studies conducted between 1980 and 2014 were identified using several databases, including EMBASE, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Keywords used to search for appropriate studies included the following: barbed, v loc, quill, tendon, tendon injuries, suture, tenorraphy, injury, and laceration, in various combinations.

Results

Our initial literature search identified 47 articles, and 8 were deemed appropriate for review after applying our exclusion criteria. The data from each of the articles is reviewed for the following major categories:

1. Maximum load to failure
2. Mode of failure
3. Load to 2-mm gap
4. Change in cross-sectional area
5. Type of repair

Conclusions

Barbed suture tenorraphy has a myriad of theoretical advantages, supported by varying ex vivo studies, as compared to traditional techniques. However, due to the non-uniformity in current studies and the lack of available data in a live model, we are unable to argue for or against barbed suture tenorraphy. We believe our review provides the most in-depth analysis of barbed suture tenorraphy to date, illuminates the potential advantages of using barbed sutures, and highlights the need for further investigation into this technique.     

膝关节镜下中心成形联合边缘稳定术治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤

目的探讨关节镜下中心成形联合边缘稳定术治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法收集自2009-01—2013-08诊治的盘状半月板损伤68例(72膝),经MRI和关节镜下确诊后,随机分成2组。A组给予保留边缘6~8 mm成形联合半月板稳定术,进行体部、肌腱裂口周围垂直缝合固定,前、后角经胫骨骨道固定;B组行盘状半月板全切或次全切除术。观察2组术后3、6、12膝关节功能Lysholm评分,术后12个月MRI半月板板台比。结果 A组34例获得随访,B组34例获得随访,随访时间平均12.3(12~14)个月。患者术后关节活动度恢复满意,关节交锁及弹响症状消失,无再撕裂或因症状复发需要二次手术者。2组术后3、6个月Lysholm评分差异无统计学意义(t=1.826,P=0.077;t=0.442,P=0.661);术后12个月A组Lysholm评分较B组高,差异有统计学意义(t=3.718,P=0.001)。A组术后12个月MRI半月板板台比为(9.2±2.6)%,B组为(5.0±2.7)%,A组残存半月板板台比较B组高,差异有统计学意义(t=3.475,P=0.001);但比同侧正常的(12.3%)低。结论对于不稳定盘状软骨损伤,在半月板成形的基础上,给予周边缝合固定及前后角重建固定,能最大程度地保留外侧半月板周缘并保持其稳定性,具有良好的短期疗效。     

带线锚钉及锁骨钩钢板固定治疗胸锁关节脱位的疗效比较

目的比较利用带线锚钉及锁骨钩钢板两种不同内固定方式手术治疗胸锁关节脱位的疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年1月~2013年1月在我科住院治疗胸锁关节脱位患者30例的手术资料,分别采用切开复位带线锚钉固定(A组)及锁骨钩钢板内固定(B组)治疗。比较两组的手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、临床愈合时间、术后并发症、术后功能恢复程度等方面指标和疗效。结果 30例患者切口均愈合良好,影像学检查提示所有患者复位满意及内固定位置良好。所有患者获得完整的随访,随访时间6~18个月,平均14个月。依据Rockwood评分法进行术后胸锁关节功能评定,所有患者外观及功能均获得良好的恢复。未出现再脱位及其它副损伤,术后均恢复正常的解剖形态。结论对胸锁关节脱位采用锚钉固定能达到锁骨钩钢板固定效果,而且锚钉固定系统具有切口小、手术时间短、固定可靠、避免再次手术取出内固定等特点。     

皮肤免缝合技术在骨科脊柱手术中的应用

目的 探讨骨科脊柱手术中皮肤免缝合技术的应用前景.方法 20例接受脊柱手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用皮肤免缝合技术进行手术切口处理;对照组采用传统皮肤缝合方法进行处理.观察2组之间皮肤愈合情况、切口感染率、切口换药次数、平均住院日及平均住院花费等指标是否存在差异.结果 观察组切口换药次数、平均住院日2项指标较对照组存在明显差异(P＜0.05),切口愈合较对照组美观,而切口感染率和平均住院花费2项指标差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 新型皮肤免缝合技术的应用不仅美容效果良好,又可以免除切口拆线、减少切口换药次数和明显降低平均住院日,是一项值得临床大力推广的切口美容缝合技术.     

改良美容缝合法对急诊面部皮肤软组织损伤切口愈合、瘢痕产生及美学效果影响

目的:评价改良美容缝合术在急诊面部皮肤软组织损伤患者中的应用效果,观察对术后切口愈合、瘢痕产生及美学满意度的影响.方法:选择我院2018年2月-2019年1月急诊科治疗的65例面部皮肤软组织损伤患者为本次研究对象,患者随机分为对照组32例,观察组33例.对照组开展传统缝合术,观察组开展改良美容缝合术,对比2组患者术后切口愈合、瘢痕产生及美学满意度情况.结果:观察组甲级愈合率63.64%,明显多于对照组31.25%,组间数据比较差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者Ⅰ级瘢痕率57.58%,明显多于对照组31.25%,组间数据比较差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后美学满意度93.94%,明显高于对照组的75.00%,组间数据比较差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:改良美容缝合法在急诊面部皮肤软组织损伤患者中应用可提升切口愈合效果,减少瘢痕产生,提高患者术后美学满意度,值得临床应用.     

腹腔镜胆总管探查术一期缝合与T管引流手术治疗胆囊结石继发胆总管结石的疗效观察

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管探查术（LCBDE）一期缝合与T 管引流手术治疗胆囊结石继发胆总管结石（GCBDS）的疗效,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 回顾性分析2015 年4 月～2019 年4 月于我院接受手术治疗的80 例GCBDS 患者临床资料。按照手术方式不同分为A 组与B 组,每组各40 例,两组均接受LCBDE 治疗,A 组术中采用一期缝合,B 组术中使用T 管引流。比较两组围术期情况、结石清除率、胃肠道生活质量指数（GIQLI）及术后并发症。结果 两组术中出血量情况比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,A 组手术时间、肛门排气时间、住院时间均明显短于B 组,住院费用明显比B 组少,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组结石清除率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组术前、术后3 个月、6 个月时GIQLI 评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,A 组术后1 个月时GIQLI 评分明显高于B 组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论LCBDE 一期缝合与T 管引流手术治疗GCBDS 的疗效相似,均可有效清除结石,但一期缝合操作更简单、术后恢复快,可早期改善患者生活质量,值得应用推广。     

垂直半褥式缝合甲沟重建术结合改良嵌甲切除术对嵌甲性甲沟炎患者愈合时间及复发率的影响

目的 探究垂直半褥式缝合甲沟重建术结合改良嵌甲切除术对嵌甲性甲沟炎患者愈合时间及复发率的影响。方法 选择2016年3月至2018年3月于我院就诊的嵌甲性甲沟炎患者64例,随机分为对照组和观察组各32例,对照组患者采用部分或全拔甲术治疗,观察组患者采用垂直半褥式缝合甲沟重建术结合改良嵌甲切除术治疗,观察两组患者治疗效果,统计患者愈合时间及复发率。结果 治疗前,两组患者均出现较严重的疼痛症状,疼痛VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,经手术治疗后,两组患者在术后3d、7d疼痛症状显著减轻,疼痛VAS均显著下降,且观察组疼痛VAS评分显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;对照组患者伤口感染率显著高于观察组患者的伤口感染率（P＜0.05）,治疗后,两组患者伤口愈合平均时间比较差异显著,对照组显著长于观察组（P＜0.05）;观察组患者治愈率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组患者满意度VAS评分显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组患者再次发生嵌甲性甲沟炎的复发率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 垂直半褥式缝合甲沟重建术结合改良嵌甲切除术对嵌甲性甲沟炎患者治疗疗效显著,缩短术后愈合时间,降低了复发率,值得临床推广应用。     

Extrinsic mechanism obstructing the opening of a prosthetic mitral valve: an unusual case of suture entrapment

Obstruction to a prosthetic cardiac valve is a well-recognized complication of cardiac valve replacement. Malfunction of the mobile component of a prosthetic valve to open or close correctly may occur in consequence of intrinsic or extrinsic causes (thrombus, vegetation, entrapment of left ventricular myocardium, suture entanglement, and pannus formation) that may result prosthetic valve stenosis and/or insufficiency. In the case we report a 48-year-old female with valve dysfunction occurred early after surgery, as one valve leaflet was only able to partially open due to suture entrapment.     

Surgical suture assembled with polymeric drug-delivery sheet for sustained,local pain relief

Surgical suture is a strand of biocompatible material designed for wound closure, and therefore can be a medical device potentially suitable for local drug delivery to treat pain at the surgical site. However, the preparation methods previously introduced for drug-delivery sutures adversely influenced the mechanical strength of the suture itself – strength that is essential for successful wound closure. Thus, it is not easy to control drug delivery with sutures, and the drug-delivery surgical sutures available for clinical use are now limited to anti-infection roles. Here, we demonstrate a surgical suture enabled to provide controlled delivery of a pain-relief drug and, more importantly, we demonstrate how it can be fabricated to maintain the mechanical strength of the suture itself. For this purpose, we separately prepare a drug-delivery sheet composed of a biocompatible polymer and a pain-relief drug, which is then physically assembled with a type of surgical suture that is already in clinical use. In this way, the drug release profiles can be tailored for the period of therapeutic need by modifying only the drug-loaded polymer sheet without adversely influencing the mechanical strength of the suture. The drug-delivery sutures in this work can effectively relieve the pain at the surgical site in a sustained manner during the period of wound healing, while showing biocompatibility and mechanical properties comparable to those of the original surgical suture in clinical use.     

改良缝合法结合克氏针内固定治疗锤状指的疗效分析

目的探讨改良缝合法治疗锤状指的临床疗效。方法对我院2010年6月~2011年7月间收治的23例锤状指患者采用Bunnell双针缝线缝合伸肌腱后,打结固定于指腹的改良缝合法结合克氏针固定的手术方法治疗。术后不用外固定,6w后拔除克氏针开始功能锻炼。结果 1例术后2m因线结反应发生切口感染,锤状指畸形复发;其余患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。23例患者均获随访,随访时间12~24m。末次随访时,采用Crawford功能评定标准:优12例,良9例,可1例,差1例,优良率91.3%。结论改良缝合法是治疗锤状指简便、有效方法。