微导管在肝癌介入栓塞治疗中的应用

目的分析探讨肝癌介入栓塞治疗中微导管的作用。方法将肝癌介入栓塞治疗的患者分为普通栓塞组和微导管栓塞组,普通组179例;微导管组47例。普通栓塞组常规采用RH导管或Cobra导管行超选择栓塞治疗,微导管栓塞组采用SP3F同轴微导管作超选择肝段或者亚肝段的肿瘤供血血管栓塞治疗,其中28例行肝段栓塞,19例行肝亚段栓塞治疗。结果微导管组术后无1例误栓异位动脉而致并发症,肝功能损害轻微,疗效较普通组有明显提高。结论微导管的使用可提高栓塞的准确率增强疗效,避免并发症,肝功能损害轻微。     

CT诊断肺朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症

目的 探讨肺朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症(PLCH)的CT表现。方法 回顾性分析10例经病理证实PLCH患者的临床资料及CT影像资料,分析病变的分布、大小和形态等CT特征。结果 单系统(SS)朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症(LCH) 7例,其中早期1例,中晚期6例;多系统(MS)LCH 3例,其中早期1例,中晚期2例。10例病变均呈弥漫、对称性分布,并以中上肺野分布为主。2例早期PLCH患者CT表现以多发小叶中央性结节为主,并见厚壁或薄壁空洞结节;8例中晚期患者,CT表现以囊腔为主,为圆形或类圆形囊腔、形态多样的融合囊腔合并/不合并少量结节、空洞结节,其中2例融合性囊腔形成肺大疱,并破裂产生气胸。结论 双侧中上肺野多发小叶中心性分布结节、空洞结节,合并囊腔,特别是形态多样的囊腔为PLCH的CT特征表现。     

MRI引导下氩氦刀冷冻小型猪大脑的实验观察

目的观察MRI引导下氩氦刀冷冻正常小型猪大脑的急慢性损伤。方法在MRI引导下应用氩氦刀冷冻治疗系统对小型猪左侧顶部大脑进行冷冻消融,饲养3周后同法冷冻右侧顶部脑组织,随即处死动物并取出大脑,10％甲醛溶液固定,将猪大脑整体经顶冠状切片病检。结果第一次冷冻后急性期（1周）饲养观察动物无呕吐。大体标本于陈旧灶局部可见脑萎缩表现,新鲜冷冻灶皮层可见淤血并局部肿胀,边界清楚;镜下观察见陈旧灶大片坏死,其周围环绕明显炎性细胞浸润带;新鲜冷冻灶灰质内有多量破碎的红细胞并淤血;陈旧灶和新鲜灶白质内髓鞘结构均消失。结论氩氦刀冷冻消融可完全破坏正常脑组织,急性期可致晒肿胀,慢性期可引起周围炎性反应。     

淋巴管肌瘤病的肺部CT表现

目的：提高淋巴管肌瘤病（LAM）肺部CT表现的认识。方法：回顾性分析经临床确诊的10例LAM的临床和胸部CT表现。结果：临床表现主要为渐进性劳力性胸闷和呼吸困难,其中1例合并结节硬化。CT表现10例均表现为弥漫或散在分布的薄壁囊腔,分布区域无差别。其中,3例合并乳糜性胸腔积液,3例合并气胸,1例见胸膜下多发肺大疱,2例见磨玻璃密度,1例见网格影。结论：LAM的肺部CT表现具有特征性,结合其临床特点,是诊断的重要依据。     

Significance of the inflammation-based prognostic score in recurrent pancreatic cancer

BackgroundAlthough the prognosis of recurrent pancreatic cancer (RPC) is improving with the appearance of new anticancer drugs, prognostic indicators for RPC are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate significance of the inflammation-based prognostic score, including modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), in patients with RPC.MethodsThis study reviewed 263 patients of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma at our institution between 2006 and 2015. A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was performed to determine the cut-off values. The prognostic significance of the inflammation-based prognostic scores were evaluated by a multivariate analysis.Results172 patients (65.4%) who had recurrence was included in this study. The optimal PNI for predicting 1-year survival after recurrence was 40 with higher area under receiver operating characteristics curve value (0.704) in comparison with other inflammation-based prognostic scores. A univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that liver metastasis (P < 0.001) and PNI < 40 (P < 0.001) were independently associated with the survival time after recurrence. When each of the two predictors was counted as one point and the points were calculated for all cases, a good stratified survival curve was obtained, showing the shorter survival in the higher points: median survival times of 2, 1, and 0 points were 4.3, 11.1, and 21.2 months, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsInflammation-based prognostic scores, especially PNI is useful clinical biomarker for predicting the survival time after recurrence in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.     

数字减影血管造影对原发性肝癌的术前评价

目的评价数字减影血管造影（DSA）对我国原发性肝癌术前的意义。方法回顾分析1998年5月～2007年5月1000例原发性肝癌术前的DSA影像与多层螺旋CT（MSCT）及彩超检查结果。结果三种方法发现肝癌1000例,直径3em以上的700例肝癌中,DSA发现670例;240例小肝癌中DSA发现202例;30例弥漫性肝癌中,DSA发现28例;900个子灶中,DSA发现890个;440例门脉癌栓中,DSA发现362例;490例动静脉瘘、动门脉瘘中,DSA发现482例。结论DSA检查对原发性肝癌的术前评价具有不可替代的作用。