Acetylcholinesterase-functionalized two-dimensional photonic crystals for the detection of organophosphates

Due to the indiscriminate usage of organophosphates in military and agriculture, there is an increasing demand to develop sensors for monitoring organophosphorus nerve agents and pesticides. Herein, a sensitive two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PC) biosensor as a part of a portable device for the detection of Dipterex is presented. The 2D-PC array was self-organized on the water–air interface using 600 nm polystyrene (PS) colloidal particles, and it was further embedded into a polyacrylamide-acrylic acid (PAM-AA) hydrogel. After condensation between the amine groups of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the carboxyl groups of the hydrogel, a novel sensing platform of 2D-PC hydrogel with AChE as the recognition agent was constructed. The lattice spacing of AChE-functionalized 2D-PC was inversely proportional to the logarithm of the Dipterex concentration from 10⁻¹⁴ mol L⁻¹ to 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ with estimated limit of detection (LOD) of 7.7 × 10⁻¹⁵ mol L⁻¹. Simultaneously, the structural color of AChE-functionalized 2D-PC varied from yellow to blue. The biosensor achieved “naked-eye” detection due to which the use of AChE-functionalized 2D-PC is a promising technique for onsite and fast screening of organophosphates.

AChE-modified 2D-PC was developed for the easy and visual detection of organophosphates.     

Construction of anisotropic fluorescent nanofibers assisted by electro-spinning and its optical sensing applications

Fixing the gap between “nano-scaled” pieces and “product-scale” materials, devices or machines is an ineluctable challenge that people have to tackle. Herein, we show that combining self-assembly and electrospinning processes results in the fabrication of anisotropic fluorescent nanofibers (PDI@PVDF) in which the well-defined rod-like perylene bisimide derivative assemblies are embedded in a highly oriented way along the axis of the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) fiber. Compared to fragile individual PDI assemblies, the electrospinning anisotropic fluorescent PDI@PVDF nanofibers not only maintain high sensitivity for aniline vapour but also exhibit an unexpected short response time for both quenching and recovering. The results demonstrate that electrospinning assistance is a versatile and effective strategy to maintain the anisotropy of fluorescent nanomaterials, building a bridge between self-assembled nano-rods and practical materials.

Anisotropic fluorescent nanofibers constructed from the self-assembled perylene bisimide derivative and poly(vinylidene fluoride) show high sensitivity and short response time to aniline vapor.     

HBV病毒慢性感染者的ALDH2基因多态性研究

目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者中ALDH2基因504位点多态性分布及其与HBV感染的相关性。方法选取2014年1月至2020年1月之间于本院就诊的125例慢性乙肝患者作为研究组,根据临床分型的不同,分为CHB I级72例,CHB II级47例,CHB III级6例,同期健康体检者60名为对照组。收集标本,采用基因芯片法检测ALDH2基因多态性,SPSS 23.0软件分析各组数据的相关性。结果CHB患者不同临床分型与血清HBV-DNA病毒载量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清HBV-DNA病毒载量与ALDH2基因分型比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.068);GA+AA型与GG型基因在研究组与对照组中分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042),在CHB临床分型中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经Logistic回归分析GA+AA型与GG型基因HBV感染风险的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对吸烟和饮酒状况进行校正后,GA+AA型的乙肝病毒感染风险有所增加(OR=1.939,95%CI:1.028~3.658)。结论乙肝病毒的感染与ALDH2基因504位点的单核苷酸多态性有关,突变型为其感染危险因素。     

Recent progress in the chemical attribution of chemical warfare agents and highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides

Forensic Toxicology - This paper reviews the background of the development of chemical attribution technology, and discusses analytical and chemometrics technologies for chemical warfare agents...     

P物质类似物的合成与生物活性研究

Ｐ物质类似物的合成与生物活性研究刘尚义钟明鼐董玉轩李玉林袁小妹（中国人民解放军药物化学研究所，北京１０２２０５）Ｐ物质（ＳｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅＰ，简称ＳＰ）是１９３１年瑞典学者Ｅｕｌｅｒ等［１］在马脑和小肠组织提取物中寻找乙酰胆碱时发现的活性物质。它能引...     

益气清瘟解毒合剂所含益气法中药抗流感免疫炎性损伤的机制

目的:通过动态观察益气清瘟解毒合剂中所含益气法中药对流感病毒感染小鼠肺中炎性细胞因子mRNA的表达及肺组织病理损伤的影响,探讨益气法中药抗流感病毒感染所致小鼠肺组织免疫炎性损伤的机制。方法:在流感病毒亚洲甲型鼠肺适应株FM1感染小鼠后的不同时相,采用反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法动态观察益气清瘟解毒合剂中所含益气法中药对小鼠肺中TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6,IL-10,IFN-γ等5种炎性细胞因子mRNA表达的影响,并观察经益气法中药干预后小鼠病毒性肺炎肺组织病理损伤的改变。结果:1益气法中药在FM1感染后第1~5天显著降低小鼠肺中TNF-αmRNA的表达,在感染后第7天明显降低小鼠肺中IL-1 mRNA的表达,在感染后第3天可能升高小鼠肺中IL-1 mRNA的表达,在感染后第3~7天明显降低小鼠肺中IL-6 mRNA的表达,在感染后第3~7天显著升高IL-10 mRNA的表达,在感染后第1天显著升高IFN-γmRNA的表达。2益气法中药能够显著抑制并修复FM1感染所致小鼠肺组织免疫炎性损伤,其作用在流感病毒FM1感染后第3~7天最为突出。结论:益气清瘟解毒合剂中所含益气法中药可能通过调节流感病毒感染机体失控的炎性细胞因子的基因表达,对抗肺组织的流感免疫炎性损伤,并促进炎性损伤的修复。     

药物开发的新领域--芋螺毒素

生物毒素是很有价值的药物或药物导向化合物，芋螺毒素是生物毒素中迅速发展的新领域。由于芋螺毒素的高丰度、化学多样性、强专一性作用等突出特点成为创新药物发展的宝库，芋螺毒素可以区分、识别许多离子通道与神经受体的不同亚型或异型结构体，广泛地应用于生命科学研究，芋螺毒素作为镇疼药物、抗癫痫药物已进入临床研究。     

大鼠围产期染毒二苯氯胂对仔鼠存活率和生殖功能的影响

目的 研究大鼠围产期二苯氯胂染毒对仔鼠存活率及生殖功能的影响.方法 选择健康Wistar大鼠(雌性100只,雄性50只),按雌、雄2:1合笼交配,将孕鼠随机分为4组(阴性对照组,0.63、0.94、1.89 mg/kg二苯氯胂染毒组).F0代大鼠妊娠15 d至哺乳28 d连续灌胃染毒.染毒后,观察F0代孕鼠的一般状态、体重变化和F1代仔鼠的一般状态、体重变化、存活情况及生殖功能有无异常.结果 0.94和1.89 mg/kg组F0代母鼠体重分别于哺乳期的10和4 d开始低于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).0.94和1.89 mg/kg组F1代仔鼠出生4 d的存活率低于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),1.89 mg/kg组F1代仔鼠出生28 d的存活率低于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).0.94和1.89 mg/kg组F1代孕鼠的吸收胎率高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 F0代大鼠围产期暴露于二苯氯胂中,当二苯氯胂剂量等于或大于0.94 mg/kg时可对F1代雌性大鼠生殖能力产生影响.     

槲寄生毒素研究进展

槲寄生毒素是药用植物槲寄生中非常重要的抗肿瘤成分之一,是一类相对分子质量在5 000左右的含有46个氨基酸残基的碱性毒性多肽,富含半胱氨酸。这类多肽对多种肿瘤细胞系具有细胞毒活性,并具有免疫调节功效,还有显著的降压、抗心律失常等作用。着重对槲寄生毒素的结构、功能、构效关系等方面的研究结果与进展进行综述。     

槲寄生中多肽成分的结构鉴定与细胞毒活性研究

从我国东北槲寄生(Viscum coloratum (Kom．)Nakai)中分离鉴定了5种多肽,其中,3种是新成分,命名为槲寄生毒素B5、B7、B8,B7是目前分离鉴定的唯一含有四对二硫键的槲寄生毒素;1 种鉴定为槲寄生毒素C1,系首次从我国槲寄生中分得;还有一种命名为B4,与已知的B6的一级结构相同,但HPLC保留时间相差很大,应该是一个新肽。它们的一级结构分别为:B5 KSCCPSTTGR NIYNTCRFTG SSRETCAKLS GCKIISASTC PSDYPK:B8 KSCCPSTTGR NIYNACRFTG SSRETCAKLS GCKIISASTC PSDYPK;B7 KSCCRNTTGRN CYNTCRLPG TPRPVCASLC DCKIISGSKC PADYPR:C1 KSCCPNTTGR NIYNTCRFAG GSRERCAKLS GCKIISASTC PSDYP K;B4 KSCCPNTTGR NIYNTCRFAG ASRERCAKLS GCKIISASTC PSDYPK。它们对不同肿瘤细胞系具有选择性细胞毒活性,槲寄生总肽对于人肺癌细胞A549、人宫颈癌细...更多胞Hela、人脑瘤细胞SF126的IC50值分别为:3．7、1．5、2．1μg／mL;B4 分别为1．3、1．3、1．6μg／mL;B7分别为:12、1．3、6．0μg／mL。而对于人胃癌细胞BGC效果不明显。