Fusion protein His-Hsp65-6IA2P2 prevents type 1 diabetes through nasal immunization in NOD Mice

Human heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), is an endogenous β-cells autoantigen, it could postpone the onset of insulitis and sooner type 1 diabetes mellitus. P277 is one of Hsp65 determinants at position 437–469 of amino acids cascaded. Meanwhile, it's already well-known that there were several better anti-diabetic B epitopes, such as insulinoma antigen-2 (IA-2). Currently, fusion protein IA2P2 has constructed in order to enhance its pharmacological efficacy. In addition, added homologous bacterial-derived Hsp65 and His tag were beneficial to protein immunogenicity and purification separately. So, finally we examined a fusion protein His-Hsp65-6IA2P2 could regulate Th2 immune response and reduce natural diabetic incidence in NOD mice. We constructed two express vector pET28a–His-Hsp65-6P277 and pET28a–His-Hsp65-6IA2P2. After purification, we observed that triple intranasal administration of these two fusion protein in 4-week-old NOD mice maintained normal blood glucose and weight, with a lower diabetic or insulitis incidence. Consistent with induced splenic T cells proliferation and tolerance, His-Hsp65-6IA2P2-treated mice performed reduced IFN-γ and increased IL-10 level. In conclusion, we suggested that fusion protein His-Hsp65-6IA2P2 could be reconstructed and purified successively. Furthermore, nasal administration of this fusion protein could rebalance T cells population and prevent T1DM.     

Liguzinediol对阿霉素诱导的慢性心衰大鼠心功能的影响

目的 通过阿霉素（Dox）复制大鼠慢性心力衰竭（CHF）模型，观察Liguzinediol对CHF大鼠心功能的影响。方法 通过血流动力学观察Liguzinediol对Dox（腹腔注射，2 mg/kg）诱导的CHF大鼠左心室内压最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dt_max)、左心室内压(LVSP)、动脉收缩压(ASP)、动脉舒张压(ADP)和心率(HR)的变化；观察Liguzinediol对血清一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化氮合成酶（NOS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）以及血浆中丙二醛（MDA）的影响。结果 Liguzinediol能增加LVSP、+dp/dt_max、ASP、ADP、AP、HR，降低-dp/dt_max(P<0.05~0.01)；降低NO、iNOS以及MDA的浓度，同时增强了SOD的活性(P<0.05~0.01)；抑制IL-6和TNF-α的生成(P<0.05~0.01)。结论 Liguzinediol可明显改善Dox诱导的CHF大鼠血流动力学指标，减少模型大鼠炎症因子的释放以及抑制氧自由基的生成。      

辛味中药在治疗消渴证中的应用价值及中药五味理论现代研究的思考

辛味是中药五味学说中的重要性味之一,通常具有“发散”“行气”和“行血”的作用,且辛味中药在传统医学临床应用中占有较大比例。结合中药辛味的功效内涵及传统中医理论对消渴证的认识,阐述辛味中药与消渴证治疗之间的内在联系,总结辛味中药对“消渴三消”的治疗意义与价值。并在此基础上,对中药五味理论的现代研究趋势和发展方向进行思考,为同行研究提供参考。     

Toxicological evaluation of Yulangsan polysaccharide in Wistar rats: A 26-week oral gavage study

Although numerous studies have proven the medicinal values of Yulangsan polysaccharide (YLSP), the toxicity of this active ingredient is unknown. In the acute toxicity study, a single oral administration of 24 g/kg YLSP caused neither toxicological symptoms nor mortality, and the LD₅₀ was estimated >24 g/kg. In the chronic toxicity study, we administered doses of 0, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg YLSP in rats by oral gavage for 26 weeks followed by a 3-week recovery period. There was no mortality or remarkable clinical signs observed during this 26-week study. Additionally, there were no toxic differences in the following parameters: body weight, food consumption, hematology, clinical biochemistry, organ weight, and macroscopic findings. There were no adverse effects on histopathology observed in males or female rats treated with YLSP. Based on the results, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level of YLSP in rats is greater than 2.4 g/kg when administered orally for 26 consecutive weeks.     

基于UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS分析刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分

目的利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶的化学成分进行定性分析。方法采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T 3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水(A)和乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,进样量2μL,在电喷雾正负离子模式下采集数据。经Reaxys数据库检索番荔枝属类化合物信息,通过质谱信息比对各化合物的m/z值、保留时间、质谱特征碎片等,并结合文献数据对鉴定的化合物进行验证。结果根据各化合物的特征裂解规律,从刺果番荔枝叶中共鉴定出45个化合物,包括16个生物碱类,14个番荔枝内酯类,7个黄酮类和8个其他类化合物,其中以番荔枝内酯类和生物碱类成分居多,与文献报道番荔枝内酯与生物碱类化合物是发挥抗癌的主要活性成分一致。结论利用UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS技术对刺果番荔枝叶中的化学成分进行了快速、准确的定性分析,为刺果番荔枝叶的提取分离与药效物质基础的研究提供依据。     

三列凹顶藻中倍半萜成分的研究

目的从三列凹顶藻Laurenciatristicha中寻找具有多样性结构的倍半萜化学成分,供药理活性筛选。方法采用凝胶柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、重结晶和高效液相色谱等方法进行分离;借助包括一维和二维NMR等波谱方法和X-单晶衍射鉴定化合物的结构;用MTT法对得到的化合物进行细胞毒活性评价。结果分离得到5个倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为海兔阿普里素(aplysin,)、海兔阿普里醇(aplysinol,)、去溴海兔阿普里醇(debro-moaplysinol,)、凹顶藻联苯(laurebiphenyl,)、约翰斯顿醇(johnstonol,);在人肿瘤细胞株HCT-8、Bel-7402、BGc-823、A549和HeLa模型上,化合物对所有细胞株均显示毒性,化合物对HeLa细胞显示中等强度的细胞毒活性,其他化合物对所有细胞株均无明显毒性,IC50均大于10.0μg/mL。结论化合物~均为首次从三列凹顶藻中得到,化合物对HeLa细胞具有中等强度的选择性细胞毒活性,化合物对所有细胞株均显示毒性。     

Looking Ahead in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Integrating New Agents in the Armamentarium of the Urologist

Urologists play a pivotal role in many aspects of the care of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, until recently, in some European countries, they have rarely been involved in the systemic treatment of this disease or in the design of clinical trials. This is undoubtedly set to change with the emergence of new oral, molecularly targeted therapies for RCC. Sorafenib (Nexavar^®; Bayer Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA) is one such therapy, which has already been shown to be efficacious and well tolerated for the treatment of RCC. Although targeted agents show great promise for the treatment of RCC, their precise role in the treatment of metastatic disease, and in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings has yet to be defined. Drawing from their extensive experience of RCC, urologists will be instrumental in the design and application of clinical studies to define the role of targeted therapies in all settings of RCC and, ultimately, to integrate targeted therapies into clinical practice. Through increased understanding of the molecular pathways involved in RCC, research into diagnostic and prognostic markers, and commitment to clinical trials, urologists can be at the forefront of this progress.     

紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用安全性及降血脂作用研究

目的 评价紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用的安全性及降血脂作用。方法 通过急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验和大鼠30天喂养试验对紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用的安全性进行考察;通过建立大鼠混合型高脂血症模型,经口灌胃不同剂量（250、750、1500mg/kg.BW）的紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油混合物连续30天,测定血脂指标,对紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用的降血脂作用进行考察。结果 安全性试验结果显示,紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用对大、小鼠急性经口MTD值均＞15.0g/kg.BW,属无毒级;Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验结果均为阴性;30天喂养试验未引起动物中毒性损伤改变。降血脂试验结果显示,与模型对照组比较,紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用的三个剂量组的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）显著降低（F=4.405,P=0.010;F=4.601,P=0.008）,降血脂作用明显。结论 紫苏籽油与亚麻籽油合用的安全性高,无致突变性及亚急性毒性,并且具有较好的降血脂作用。     

广藿香药材及饮片质量标准提升研究

目的 修订和完善广藿香药材和饮片质量标准,为合理控制广藿香药材和饮片质量提供科学依据。方法 分别收集23批广藿香药材和32批饮片代表性样品,参照《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版广藿香项下标准修订叶片粉末的显微鉴别方法;简化薄层色谱鉴别前处理方法,建立以广藿香对照药材和百秋李醇对照品为对照的薄层色谱鉴别方法;改进含量测定项下供试品制备方法,修订药材指标性成分限度;新增广藿香饮片标准检查、浸出物和含量测定项。结果 建议显微鉴别中腺鳞头部细胞描述为“细胞壁多破裂而呈裂隙状”;薄层色谱方法中用石油醚超声提取、乙酸乙酯复溶代替原标准中提取挥发油的前处理方式,以5%茴香醛浓硫酸溶液为显色剂,所有样品与广藿香对照药材和百秋李醇对照品在同一位置显相同颜色的斑点,改进后方法前处理简单、展开效果好、斑点清晰;建议适当提高药材醇溶性浸出物限度,用乙醇作溶剂时不低于4.0%;采用无水乙醇替换毒性较大的三氯甲烷作为含量测定提取溶剂,方法学考察符合要求,23批广藿香药材百秋李醇质量分数和平均值分别为0.34%~0.92%、0.58%,建议药材标准中提高百秋李醇质量分数限度为0.22%;新增饮片检查项目,其中水分不得过14.0%,总灰分不得过11.0%,酸不溶性灰分不得过4.0%;新增饮片浸出物项目,限度同药材标准;新增饮片含量测定项,32批饮片中百秋李醇质量分数和平均值分别为0.12%~0.46%、0.29%,建议饮片中百秋李醇质量分数不低于0.20%。结论 所建立的方法操作简便可行、准确可靠、重复性好,新增项目和制订的标准限度合理,可用于广藿香药材和饮片的质量控制。