Junctional adhesion molecule-like protein as a novel target for kaempferol to ameliorate lung adenocarcinoma

ObjectiveAlthough there have been improvements in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the majority of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients still lack effective therapies. Consequently, it is urgent to screen for new diagnosis biomarkers and pharmacological targets. Junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML) was considered to be an oncogenic protein and may be a novel therapeutic target in LUAD. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid that exhibits antitumor activities in LUAD. However, the effect of kaempferol on JAML is still unknown.MethodsSmall interfering RNA was used to knockdown JAML expression. The cell viability was determined using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The proliferation of LUAD cells was evaluated using the 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation assay. The migration and invasion of LUAD cells were evaluated by transwell assays. Molecular mechanisms were explored by Western blotting.ResultsJAML knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells, and JAML deficiency restrained epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway. Using a PI3K activator (740Y-P), rescue experiments showed that phenotypes to JAML knockdown in LUAD cells were dependent on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Kaempferol also inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells and partially suppressed EMT through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Knockdown of JAML ameliorated the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on LUAD cells. Kaempferol exerted anticancer effects by targeting JAML.ConclusionJAML is a novel target for kaempferol against LUAD cells.Please cite this article as: Wu Q, Wang YB, Che XW, Wang H, Wang W. Junctional adhesion molecule-like protein as a novel target for kaempferol to ameliorate lung adenocarcinoma. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(3): 268–276.     

八髎穴治疗出口梗阻型便秘的机制探讨

出口梗阻型便秘(outlet obstruction constipation,OOC)已经成为影响现代人生活质量的重要疾病之一。本文就近年来国内外有关OOC的发病机制及针刺八髎穴治疗OOC的研究进行了回顾,发现针刺八髎穴可能通过提高神经节内板状末梢改善机械扩张的敏感性,升高血清胆囊收缩素水平,抑制脊髓前角的γ-运动神经元、脊髓内侧角的交感中枢的兴奋性及减少5-羟色胺、组织胺的释放等多途径达到治疗OOC的作用。深入探讨八髎穴治疗OOC的作用机制,可为寻找更为特异和有效的治疗靶点提供实验依据和理论基础。     

Silencing of miRNA-218 promotes migration and invasion of breast cancer via Slit2-Robo1 pathway

MiRNAs play an important role in regulating tumor migration and invasion, and abnormal expression of miRNAs occurs in various kinds of human cancers. In this essay, it is reported that the level of miRNA-218 decreases in metastatic breast cancer cells, moreover, miRNA-218 suppresses breast cancer cells migration and invasion through binding Robo1 (one of Slit receptors) to its 3′UTR. MiRNA-218 restoration suppresses Robo1 expression and inhibits breast cancer cells invasion and migration. What the results describe is that the function of Robo1 regulated by miRNA-218 may provide a new strategy for inhibiting migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses in Scotland: A cross-sectional study using the Scottish Health Survey

BackgroundIncreasing prevalence of overweight and obesity represents a global pandemic. As the largest occupational group in international healthcare systems nurses are at the forefront of health promotion to address this pandemic. However, nurses own health behaviours are known to influence the extent to which they engage in health promotion and the public's confidence in advice offered. Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses is therefore important. However, to date, prevalence estimates have been based on non-representative samples and internationally no studies have compared prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses to other healthcare professionals using representative data.ObjectivesTo estimate overweight and obesity prevalence among nurses in Scotland, and compare to other healthcare professionals and those working in non-heath related occupations.DesignCross-sectional study using a nationally representative sample of five aggregated annual rounds (2008–2012) of the Scottish Health Survey.SettingScotland.Participants13,483 adults aged 17–65 indicating they had worked in the past 4 weeks, classified in four occupational groups: nurses (n = 411), other healthcare professionals (n = 320), unqualified care staff (n = 685), and individuals employed in non-health related occupations (n = 12,067).Main outcome measuresPrevalence of overweight and obesity defined as Body Mass Index ≥ 25.0.MethodsEstimates of overweight and obesity prevalence in each occupational group were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A logistic regression model was then built to compare the odds of being overweight or obese with not being overweight or obese for nurses in comparison to the other occupational categories. Data were analysed using SAS 9.1.3.Results69.1% (95% CI 64.6, 73.6) of Scottish nurses were overweight or obese. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in nurses than other healthcare professionals (51.3%, CI 45.8, 56.7), unqualified care staff (68.5%, CI 65.0, 72.0) and those in non-health related occupations (68.9%, CI 68.1, 69.7). A logistic regression model adjusted for socio-demographic composition indicated that, compared to nurses, the odds of being overweight or obese was statistically significantly lower for other healthcare professionals (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.45, CI 0.33, 0.61) and those in non-health related occupations (OR 0.78, CI 0.62, 0.97).ConclusionsPrevalence of overweight and obesity among Scottish nurses is worryingly high, and significantly higher than those in other healthcare professionals and non-health related occupations. High prevalence of overweight and obesity potentially harms nurses’ own health and hampers the effectiveness of nurses’ health promotion role. Interventions are therefore urgently required to address overweight and obesity among the Scottish nursing workforce.     

Evaluation of adalimumab biosimilar candidate (HS016) in Chinese patients with active ankylosing spondylitis based on a health survey: sub-analysis of a phase 3 study

Clinical Rheumatology - The equivalence of the biosimilar HS016 to adalimumab (Humira) for the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients has been previously validated. The aim was to...     

Non-invasive assessment of cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging in communicating hydrocephalus

This work aims to evaluate the changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamics in patients diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus. Besides, we establish the relationship between CSF flow dynamic parameters on the midbrain aqueduct and intracranial pressure (ICP). CSF hydrodynamics analysis was performed using Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PC‐MRI) techniques on the midbrain aqueduct of 41 patients diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus and 22 healthy volunteers. The correlation between CSF average flow in the midbrain aqueduct and intracranial pressure measured by Lumbar Puncture (LP) was assessed in patients with hydrocephalus. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to establish the correction between the average CSF flow of midbrain aqueduct and ICP. CSF dynamic parameters of the midbrain aqueduct in hydrocephalus patients, including peak positive velocity (7.348 cm/s), average velocity (0.623 cm/s), average flow (50.799 mm³/s), and regions of interest (ROI) area (9.978 mm²) were significantly higher than in the healthy controls (p < 0.05). This was after adjusting the age, gender, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index. However, only the peak negative velocity of the midbrain aqueduct did not significantly differ between the groups (p = 0.209). A positive correlation was noted between the average flow (AF) of the midbrain aqueducts and ICP in hydrocephalus patients (y (AF) = 0.386× (ICP)−33.738, r = 0.787, p < 0.05). Reference data of CSF flow dynamic parameters was obtained through the PC-MRI in middle-aged healthy volunteers and communicating hydrocephalus patients. Although the sample size was constrained, this study has significant contributions. For instance, a significant correlation was noted between the average CSF flow of the aqueduct and ICP. This therefore provides a reference for clinicians to monitor ICP in patients with hydrocephalus.     

中医药在脊髓损伤神经源性肠道功能障碍的研究进展

脊髓损伤(spinal cordin jury,SCI)后神经源性肠功能障碍对患者身心健康和生活质量的严重影响,目前越来越受到国际关注.但国内对此尚未普遍开展.中医理论在SCI及SCI后出现的排便异常尚未作相关总结.现有研究中医药对肠道自主神经系统已经成熟,其有效性获得国内外普遍承认,并较药物更易接受.为SCI肠功能障碍的研究打下基础.但目前国内对SCI后排便异常缺乏专业认识、项目资助和人员管理,临床研究欠规范,中医理论有待完善.现主要针对SCI神经源性肠功能障碍出现的排便异常,在中医病名、病机、主要方法、有效性、优势及存在问题作一综述.     

Body Surface Area (BSA) is a Better Osteoporosis Associated Anthropometric Parameter Than Other Anthropometric Parameters in Elderly Population

Body surface area (BSA) is widely used for adjusting drug dose, while few studies have yet systematically evaluated its association with osteoporosis and compared its advantage with other anthropometric parameters in osteoporotic risk prediction. A total of 10,021 Chinese individuals aged over 65 years were enrolled in our study. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, and demographic information was also collected. Pearson correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and predictive analysis were performed to assess the clinical practice of BSA for osteoporosis. BSA had the strongest correlation with BMD (0.544, p < 0.001) compared with conventional anthropometric indices. Besides, BSA had the highest power in osteoporosis prediction, with an area under the curve (AUC) reaching 0.81. After incorporating BSA into the osteoporosis risk prediction model, the AUC improved from 0.82 to 0.83 (p < 0.01). We found BSA provided additional diagnostic value beyond conventional anthropometric information with continuous and category NRIs were 30.40% (p < 0.01) and 3.29% (p < 0.01), respectively, and the IDI was 1.85% (p < 0.01). BSA was positively associated with osteoporosis and showed superior discriminative ability for osteoporosis risk prediction compared with other anthropometric parameters in the Chinese elderly population.