基于复杂网络的《新针灸学》与《经络腧穴学》比较分析研究（英文）

提取《新针灸学》《经络腧穴学》中穴位名称、主治病症信息,基于复杂网络建立穴-症网络,分析两者穴位数量、相互关联程度及主治规律变化,借助拓扑学数据解释变化原因,为传统针灸知识体系的结构化、标准化研究提供具体思路和方法。共纳入《新针灸学》386穴、773种症状、形成152163个穴位配伍对,《经络腧穴学》403穴、253种症状、28755个穴位配伍对。两本教材的穴-症网络存在丰富的差异性,其所载的病症结构化程度随医学知识的更新而提升。《新针灸学》模型具有更加典型的小世界效应,或因其以病症为主要分类手段的优势体现。两本教材穴位定位与主治方面发生许多变化,学科发展、时代背景等方面是变化的主要原因。     

Acupoint stimulation for long COVID: A promising intervention: 穴位刺激治疗长新冠:一种有前景的干预措施

“Long COVID” is a sustained symptom following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to recent statistics, at least 65 million people have long COVID, which poses a long-term threat to human health. The pathogenic mechanisms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are complex and affect multiple organs and systems. Common symptoms include palpitations, breathing difficulties, attention and memory deficits, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. It is difficult to achieve satisfactory treatment effect with a single intervention. Currently, treatment strategies for long COVID are still in the exploratory stage, and there is an urgent need to find appropriate and effective methods for long COVID treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine is effective in treating the various phases of COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that acupoint stimulation therapy is effective in improving palpitations, dyspnea, cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms in patients. According to previous studies, acupoint stimulation may improve various symptoms related to long COVID. This paper discusses the potential application value of acupoint stimulation in the treatment of long COVID-related symptoms, based on the common sequelae of various systems involved in long COVID, and the effect of acupoint stimulation in the treatment of similar symptoms and diseases in recent years.     

Effects of electroacupuncture on hippocampal and cortical apoptosis in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on hippocampal and cortical apoptosis in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods: Mouse models established by repeated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,followed by electroacupuncture at Shenshu,Geshu,and Baihui points.The control group mice were intragastrically administered Hydergine.On day 1 and 7 post-treatment,hippocampal and cortical apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL),and apoptosis images in the hippocampal CA1 zone and cortical area were analyzed.Results: In the model group,apoptotic cells were detected one day after treatment and some cellular fibers were disarrayed.By day 7 post-treatment,there was an increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal CA1 region.In addition,there were apoptotic cells in the cortical area,the cortical Jayers were thinner with localized neuronal loss and sieve-like lymphocyte infiltration,as well as glial cell proliferation and visible infarct lesions.However,in the Hydergine and electroacupuncture groups,there was a small number of apoptotic cells.At 7 days post-treatment in the model group,field number,numerical density on area,and surface density were increased.However,in the Hydergine and electroacupuncture groups these parameters were decreased (P＜0.01),with a significant difference between the two treatment groups (P＜0.01).Conclusion: Electroacupuncture treatment inhibited apoptosis and provided neuroprotection.     

活血化瘀方案对脑出血患者生活质量改善的影响

目的 观察活血化瘀方案对脑出血患者生活质量改善的影响。方法 228例脑出血患者随机分为两组。对照组114例予内科基础治疗,试验组114例在此基础上予醒脑静注射液静脉滴注14天,辨证服用活血化瘀免煎颗粒21天,21天后口服脑血疏口服液至发病3个月。观察两组基于中风患者报告的临床结局（PRO量表）评分变化情况。结果试验组在入组第21天及3个月时PRO量表的生理功能、心理精神状态、社会关系和治疗满意度等指标总分均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。且各单项指标分值在一些时点亦低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论 活血化瘀方案可改善脑出血患者在发病后一定时期内的生活质量,对于提高脑出血的临床疗效有一定意义。     

益肾调气法治疗肾虚肝郁型抑郁症的多中心、随机、对照临床研究

目的:观察益肾调气法中药复方治疗肾虚肝郁型抑郁症的临床疗效。方法:选取2008年1月至2010年12月在全国5家三甲医院和1家精神专科医院收治的抑郁症肾虚肝郁证的患者216例作为研究对象,进行多中心、随机、对照研究,观察组采用益肾调气法中药"颐脑解郁方",对照组采用盐酸氟西汀,治疗6周,并进行HAMD抑郁量表、中医证候量表疗效评价研究,验证益肾调气法中药的疗效。结果:本研究共纳入患者216例,脱落11例,剔除4例,最终201例完成临床试验。统计结果显示:1)观察组6周有效率为90%,西药组为77%; 2)中药起效时间明显快于西药氟西汀组,7天即开始起效,至第2周时有效率达到63. 6%,而西药氟西汀组则在2周时有效率仅为18. 9%; 3)观察组未发现头晕、失眠、胃肠道反应和激发自杀行为及肝肾损害等明显不良反应。结论:益肾调气法中药颐脑解郁方对于肾虚肝郁型抑郁症具有肯定的疗效,具有起效快、疗效好、不良反应小的优势。     

糖尿病肾病肾脏微小血管病变实验研究

目的:观察微血管损伤在糖尿病肾病中发病的关键作用。方法:以单侧肾切除并链脲佐菌素尾静脉注射建立糖尿病肾病模型,测定动态观察4、8、12、16、20周肾小管周围毛细血管网(PTC)、血管内膜厚度、肾小球硬化指数、肾小球毛细血管袢、肾小球体积、细胞外基质等指标。结果:随造模时间延长,糖尿病肾病组大鼠肾小球毛细血管袢开放面积减少,肾小球体积增大,肾间质PTC网减少,动脉内膜增厚,肾小球硬化指数、系膜基质增加。与假手术组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:肾间质PTC网与肾小球硬化呈明显负相关,PTC网越少,肾小球毛细血管褂开放面积减少,肾小球硬化更严重;同时PTC网减少导致肾缺血也是肾间质纤维化和肾乳头坏死的原因。     

基于现代文献报道分析男性不育症的常见中医证候及证候要素

[目的]分析、总结男性不育症的常见中医证候及证候要素。[方法]通过检索中国知网（CNKI）中文期刊全文数据库,获取2002--2012年间发表的与男性不育症中医辨证相关的文献报道,建立数据库,通过频次分析,归纳、总结其常见中医证候与证候要素。[结果]纳入分析的268篇文献中,涉及证候类型72种,出现总频次为431,频率在2％以上者为肾阳虚、肾精亏虚、肾阴虚、肾虚、湿热下注、脾肾两虚、阴虚、肾气虚、脾肾阳虚、气滞血瘀、气血亏虚、痰湿内蕴、瘀血阻滞、肝。肾亏虚;经拆分证候后,获取证候要素34个,其中病位类14个,出现总频次为391,病性类20个,出现总频次为507,频率大于2％的分别为。肾、脾、肝、下焦及阳虚、虚、阴虚、精亏、血瘀、湿热、气虚、气滞、血虚。[结论]文献报道中有关男性不育症的证候类型名称较为繁杂,但从提取的数目相对少的证候要素可看出,该病的病位主要在肾、脾、肝及下焦,病性以阳虚、阴虚、精亏等虚损为主,但也有较高比例的血瘀、湿热等,并可与虚损兼夹出现。     

A benzodiazepines derived compound, 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydronaphtho [2,3-b][1,4]diazepin-2-one (ND700C), inhibits fMLP-induced superoxide anion release by activating protein phosphatase 2A in human neutrophils

We studied the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of a benzodiazepines derivative, 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydronaphtho [2,3-b][1,4]diazepin-2-one (ND700C), on superoxide anion production induced by formly-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in human neutrophils. ND700C inhibited the fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release in a concentration-dependent manner with respective IC₅₀ values of 5.0 ± 0.5 and 8.7 ± 0.8 μM. In addition, ND700C was found to suppress fMLP-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt. In another study, ND700C was observed to cause a rapid increase in intracellular cAMP level by up to threefold. Furthermore, when H89 was used to inhibit cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), we discovered that ND700C’s suppressive effects on calcium mobilization, phosphorylation, and superoxide anion production were abrogated. ND700C demonstrated additive effect on the PGE₁-induced increase in cAMP. However, this additive effect was not demonstrated with the IBMX-induced rise in cAMP. Our results indicated that ND700C did not directly inhibit the activity of phosphodiesterase 4. In another set of experiments, calyculin A and okadaic acid (both protein phosphatase 2A inhibitors) were found to reverse ND700C’s positive effect on cAMP level. This observation suggested the involvement of protein phosphatase 2A in ND700C’s cAMP-elevating mechanism. We found that the activity of protein phosphatase 2A was activated by ND700C. Furthermore, protein phosphatase 2A was co-immunoprecipitated with phosphodiesterase 4 after ND700C treatment in human neutrophils. Conclusion: ND700C inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production through a PKA-dependent pathway. ND700C increased cAMP by activating protein phosphatase 2A, which subsequently inhibited phosphodiesterase 4.     

膝关节骨性关节炎X线测量与WOMAC评分的多重线性回归分析

目的:进行膝关节骨性关节炎X线测量与WOMAC评分的多重线性回归分析,结合临床和生物力学分析两者的关系。方法:自2011年3月至2011年7月,膝关节骨性关节炎患者140例250膝,左侧132膝,右侧118膝;年龄40～71岁,平均54.68岁。应用MB-RULER测量软件测量患膝正侧位X线片股骨角、胫骨角、股胫角及关节间隙角等数值,并采集WOMAC评分,应用多重线性回归建立回归方程分析两者相关性。结果:应用多重线性回归分析正位X线片测量数值与WOMAC评分的回归方程有统计学意义(P<0.05),而侧位X线片测量数值与WOMAC评分的回归方程无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:①膝关节X线数据测量可以一定程度上反映WOMAC评分的情况;②局部膝关节X线力线测量对诊治膝关节骨性关节炎是必须的检查之一,应予以重视。③正位片上胫骨角、关节间隙角与WOMAC评分的相关性最大,可用于评估患者在治疗前后的功能恢复情况。     

低频超声经皮促透药物的研究进 展简

经皮给药系统近年来发展迅速,随着促渗剂的改进、以及离子导入、激光、电致孔、超声导人等新技术的发展,低频超声经皮促透药物广泛应用于临床实践,并引起了研究者的研究兴趣.本文就低频超声的作用机制、影响作用效益的因素、动物实验研究以及安全性评估展开综述.