Dose and time-dependent hypercholesterolemic effects of iodine excess via TRβ1-mediated down regulation of hepatic LDLr gene expression

Background  

With the global improvement of iodine nutrition, iodine excess is emerging as a new concern.     

山东省居民对食盐推荐摄入量的知晓情况及影响因素分析

目的调查山东省18～69岁居民对盐推荐摄入量的知晓情况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取全省代表性样本15 600人,回收有效问卷15 350份,调查完成率98.40%。山东省疾控系统工作人员在2011年6～7月通过统一问卷收集调查对象盐与高血压相关知识、态度和行为等信息。结果调查的15 350名中,男性占50.1%,女性占49.9%。经过加权调整后,2011年山东省居民中仅29.3%的城市居民和19.2%的农村居民知晓"盐推荐摄入量"。与其他年龄组相比,60～69岁老人中知晓"盐推荐摄入量"的比例最低,仅为13.4%;受教育程度高的居民中有较高的比例知晓"盐推荐摄入量"。高血压患者与非高血压患者均对"盐推荐摄入量"的知晓率较低,仅21.0%的高血压患者知晓"盐推荐摄入量"。结论山东居民对盐推荐摄入量的知晓水平较低,加大对盐推荐摄入量的宣传有利于减少全人群的食盐摄入水平,并控制血压水平。     

儿童牙科恐惧症的临床分析

目的探讨儿童牙科恐惧症的病因及防治。方法采用牙科焦虑量表对深圳市南山区慢性病防治院250例儿童牙病患儿进行系统评估,对儿童牙科恐惧症患儿的发病因素及防治措施进行总结分析。结果 250例患儿发生儿童牙科畏惧症者218例,发病率为87.2%,其中轻度发病率为22.4%,中度发病率为49.2%,重度发病率为15.6%。诊疗环境、既往的不良感受、父母的文化程度、自身的气质类型均是临床常见的发病原因。结论提高医师专业技能及儿童心理知识,全面做好防治工作意义重大。     

基于求和自回归滑动平均模型的道路交通伤害死亡趋势预测分析

目的分析2014-2018年河北省道路交通伤害死亡情况,探讨求和自回归滑动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model,ARIMA)在道路交通伤害死亡趋势预测中的可行性。方法采用描述流行病学分析2014-2018年河北省道路交通伤害死亡概况,运用R 3.5.3软件对河北省2014年1月―2018年6月道路交通伤害月度死亡资料建立ARIMA预测模型,进行整体回代观察拟合效果,比较2018年7月―12月预测值与真实值,评价预测效果。结果2014-2018年河北省累计报告道路交通伤害死亡人数13147例,男性10071例,女性3076例,年均死亡率为17.79/10万,总体呈现下降趋势。构建的最佳预测模型为ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1)12,赤池信息量准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)为390.64,Schwaz贝叶斯准则(Schwarz Bayesian criterion,SBC)为395.78;残差序列为白噪声序列(均有P>0.05),模型参数非零(均有P<0.05);预测结果实际值均落在预测值95%置信区间内,预测值与实际值之间的相对误差在1.15%~11.85%之间,RMSE=13.65,MAE=10.88,MAPE=4.80%,模型预测性能良好。结论河北省道路交通伤害死亡水平总体呈逐年下降趋势,ARIMA模型可用于道路交通伤害死亡趋势的短期预测。     

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??Renal imaging examination is a necessary method for an early screening or final diagnosis of various types of kidney disease. Objective and accurate measurement of renal volume and virtual reconstruction of renal morphology have important implications for early clinical evaluation of renal function. This article described the progress of renal volume measurement technique and the measurement of renal volume parameters in the field of renal function evaluation in detail. Renal volume parameters are an objective and accurate indicator in renal function evaluation?? which has been gradually accepted and applied clinically??more relevant clinical research will also be carried out gradually.     

Socioeconomic inequality in screen time frequency in children and adolescents: the weight disorders survey of the CASPIAN IV study

Background

This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic inequality and determinants of screen time (ST) frequency in Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods

This nationwide study was conducted as part of a national school-based surveillance program among 36,486 students consisting of 50.79% boys and 74.23% urban inhabitants, aged 6–18 years, living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Socioeconomic inequality in ST, including the time spent for ST, watching TV and leisure-time working with computer, was assessed across quintiles of SES using concentration index (C) and slope index of inequality (SII).

Results

Overall, 36,486 students completed the study (response rate 91.25%). Their mean (SD) age was 12.14 (3.36) years. The national estimation of frequency of ST was 31.66% (95% CI 31.16–32.17) with ascending change from 20.80% (95% CI 19.81–21.82) to 36.66% (95% CI 35.47–37.87) from the first to the last quintal of SES. Estimated C value at national level was positive (0.08), which indicate inequality was in favor of low SES groups. Considering the SII values, at national level [? 0.16 (? 0.39, 0.06)], the absolute difference in ST frequency between the bottom and top of the socioeconomic groups had descending trends. In multivariate logistic regression model, family history of obesity, generalized obesity and age were the main significant determinants of prolonged ST, watching TV, and computer working (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Socioeconomic inequality in ST frequency was in favor of low SES groups. These findings are useful for health policies, better programming and future complementary analyses.

     

Birthweight in infants conceived through in vitro fertilization following blastocyst or cleavage-stage embryo transfer: a national registry study

Purpose

In vitro fertilization (IVF) infants have lower birthweights than their peers, predisposing them to long-term health consequences. Blastocyst transfer (BT), at day 5–6 post-fertilization, is increasing in usage, partially due to improved pregnancy outcomes over cleavage-stage transfer (CT, day 2–3). Data to date, however, have been inconclusive regarding BT’s effects on birthweight.

Methods

Participants included all US autologous, single-gestation, fresh embryo transfer cycles initiated from 2007 to 2014 that resulted in a term infant (N?=?124,154) from the National Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System. Generalized linear models including obstetric history, maternal demographics, and infant sex and gestational age were used to compare birthweight outcomes for infants born following BT (N?=?67,169) with infants born following CT (N?=?56,985) and to test for an interaction between transfer stage and single embryo transfer (SET).

Results

Infants born following BT were 6 g larger than those born following CT (p?=?0.04), but rates of macrosomia (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.96–1.04) and low birthweight (LBW, RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.93–1.06) were not different between the groups. The interaction between SET and transfer stage was significant (p?=?0.02). Among SET infants, BT was associated with 19.26 g increased birthweight compared to CT (p?=?0.008).

Conclusions

The increase in birthweights identified following BT is unlikely to be clinically relevant, as there were no differences in rates of macrosomia or LBW. These findings are clinically reassuring and indicate that the increasing use of BT is unlikely to further decrease the on average lower birthweights seen in IVF infants compared to their naturally conceived peers.

     

温润辛金培本方治疗支气管哮喘慢性持续期的随机对照双盲研究

目的:分析和研究温润辛金培本方药治疗支气管哮喘慢性持续期的疗效及安全性。方法:选取2009年4月至2009年11月5家三级甲等医院收治的支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者共计130例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。在西药常规治疗基础上,观察组口服温润辛金培本方,对照组予中药安慰剂,疗程为6周。将2组患者的疗效指标及安全性指标进行比较。结果:观察组和对照组患者的基线情况具有可比性。观察组患者在疗前、疗后的安全性指标未见明显异常,用药过程中无不良反应发生。2组患者主症+体征疗效结果显示:观察组控制2例,显效9例,有效26例,无效28例;对照组控制3例,显效1例,有效15例,无效46例,观察组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。主症+体征显效率及有效率评价结果显示,观察组患者均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。观察组患者治疗后肺功能指标FEV_1/FVC明显优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组患者疗后FEV_1较治疗前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:温润辛金培本方药治疗支气管哮喘慢性持续期疗效满意,无明显不良反应发生,用药安全较高,对促进患者症状缓解、肺功能改善及病情转归具有积极作用。