大鼠松果体细胞增龄变化

目的:探讨大鼠松果体细胞增龄变化。方法:SD大鼠,随机分为1～2月龄组,4～5月龄组,11～12月龄组和≥24月龄组4个组。采用H-F染色、Benda胶质细胞染色和TUNEL法细胞凋亡染色光镜观察,超薄切片透射电镜观察。结果:松果体细胞数从4～5月龄组至≥24月龄组递减(P<0.001),而胶质细胞数随增龄递增(P<0.01),松果体细胞凋亡随增龄增多(P<0.01),松果体细胞胞质随增龄电子密度降低,细胞器减少,线粒体扩张、嵴断裂呈空泡状,粗面内质网排列紊乱、池扩张,脂滴增多。结论:大鼠松果体随增龄而出现松果体细胞减少、胶质细胞增多,松果体细胞退变。这些变化可能是导致机体衰老的原因之一。     

糖化血红蛋白、空腹及服糖后2小时胰岛素水平与高血压发病风险的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨糖化血红蛋白(Glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(Fasting insulin,INS)及服糖后2小时胰岛素(Insulin 2 hours after oral glucose tolerance test,INS-2H)与高血压发病的风险。方法 本研究采用全人群多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取了贵州省12个区(县)的48个乡镇共9 280人进行调查,排除基线HbA1c、INS及INS-2H缺失及有高血压病史者,最终纳入1 684例进入分析。中位随访6.23年。采用Cox生存回归分析HbA1c、INS及INS-2H与高血压发病的相关性。PAF及Survival计算人群归因危险百分比。结果 HbA1c和INS-2H每升高一个单位,高血压发病风险分别增加31.5%和1.1%。HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.87倍。相比第一分位组,INS-2H第四分位组发病风险增加73.6%。HbA1c水平控制在6.3 mmol/L及以下可降低人群8.6%的发病。INS-2H水平分别控制在8.81 mIU/L、15.60 mIU/L、24.30 mIU/L以下,可降低人群22.6%、11.9%和6.8%的发病。年龄>42岁组的人群中,HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.84倍; INS-2H第二、三、四分位组发病风险分别是第一分位组的2.001倍、2.145倍和2.145倍。男性人群中,HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.760倍; INS-2H第三、四分位组发病风险是第一分位组的1.828倍和2.116倍。结论 HbA1c及INS-2H是高血压发病的危险因素,在年龄>42岁和男性人群更为敏感。控制HbA1c及INS-2H能有效降低人群高血压发病。     

贵州省2012—2019年急性弛缓性麻痹病例监测分析

目的 分析贵州省2012—2019年急性弛缓性麻痹（acute flaccid paralysis,AFP）病例的流行病学特征,为开展AFP病例监测工作提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对贵州省2012—2019年AFP病例监测数据进行分析。结果 贵州省2012—2019年共报告1 714例AFP病例,年均报告发病率为2.65例/10万,无明显季节性分布,男性发病率（3.14/10万）高于女性发病率（2.07/10万）,1～6岁儿童居多（55.43%）,以散居儿童（45.22%）和集体单位儿童（托幼机构、学校）（42.47%）为主;脊灰疫苗免疫史≥3剂次的病例占91.72%;AFP病例肠道病毒分离率为8.38%;27.48%的病例为短暂性肢体麻痹;16.45%的病例残留麻痹。结论 贵州省仍需保持AFP病例监测的高敏感性和及时性,保持常住儿童脊灰疫苗高覆盖率,提高流动儿童接种率,筑牢免疫屏障。随访时加强健康教育,促进病例肌力恢复,提高生存质量,保护成年后劳动生产力。     

双色谱柱双FID顶空气相色谱法测量乙醇 浓度的一致性评价

目的 研究双色谱柱双FID检测器顶空气相色谱法（双柱双检法）测量乙醇浓度的一致性,探讨不同一致性评价方法应用价值,为司法鉴定中涉嫌“醉驾”案件准确检测乙醇浓度提供理论依据。方法 配置浓度为80mg/100ml 乙醇溶液和4mg/100ml叔丁醇的混合样。使用自动进样器进样,然后用配备色谱柱和双FIDs的HS-GC分别分析样品。共进行了20次试验,分别计算FID-1和FID-2组的乙醇浓度。采用配对 t 检验、Pearson相关分析、组内相关系数、Bland- Altman 法、ATE/LER区域法等,对两组乙醇检测结果进行一致性评价。结果 FID-1组乙醇浓度为（79.57±1.65） mg/100ml,RSD为2.07%;FID-2组为（81.42±1.33） mg/100 ml,RSD为1.63%。配对 t 检验: t =-7.69（ P <0.001）;Pearson相关系数: r =0.757（ P <0.001）;组内相关系数: ICC =0.739（ P <0.001）;Bland-Altman 法显示,95%的点均落在一致性限内;ATE/LER区域法显示,100%点落在ATE区域,无点落在LER区域。结论 推荐联合使用Bland- Altman图分析法、ATE/LER区域法和组内相关系数作为双柱双检法检测样本中乙醇浓度的一致性评价方法。 双柱双检法测量乙醇浓度的一致性良好。但还应结合测量不确定度等方面对FID-1、FID-2的结果进一步研究。     

Ehrlichia,Coxiella and Bartonella infections in rodents from Guizhou Province,Southwest China

Rodents are generally recognized to be the reservoir hosts of a great many zoonotic pathogens. In some areas of China, rodent-borne pathogens, as well as the role of rodents in the natural cycle of these pathogens, are still poorly investigated. To increase our knowledge on the distribution and epidemiology of rodent-borne bacterial pathogens, 81 rodent liver samples were collected in three locations of Guizhou province located in Southwest China, and screened for the presence of Ehrlichia, Coxiella, and Bartonella in them. A putative novel Ehrlichia species was identified in 5 Berylmys bowersi samples (100%, 5/5). Its 16S rRNA, gltA, and groEL genes have highest 99.84%, 89.11%, and 98.02% identities to those from known Ehrlichia species, and form distinct clades in the phylogenetic trees. Herein we name it “Candidatus Ehrlichia zunyiensis”. Bartonella was tested positive in 8 A. agrarius (striped field mouse), 2 A. chevrieri (Chevrier's field mouse), 1 R. norvegicus (Norway rat), 1 N. confucianus, and 1 N. lotipes, with a total positive rate of 16.05% (13/81). Sequence analysis indicated high genetic diversity in these Bartonella strains. Unexpectedly, two Coxiella strains were identified from the rodents (1 Niviventer confucianus and 1 Mus pahari). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis indicated that both of them are closely related to the Coxiella endosymbiont of ticks. This result supported previous conjectures that vertebrate hosts such as rodents may play a role in the preservation and transmission of Coxiella endosymbiont of ticks.     

Rickettsia spp. in Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks collected from stray dogs in Kerman city,Iran

Rickettsial diseases are recognized as one of the most important vector-borne infectious diseases for humans all over the world. Dogs and their ticks are considered the most important reservoirs for Rickettsia spp., especially in spotted fever group rickettsioses. The aim of the study was to investigate Rickettsia infections in ticks collected from stray dogs in southeastern Iran. In this study, 50 stray dogs in Kerman city were randomly selected, of 68% and 52% of which were above 8 months age and male, respectively. Ticks were collected from the dog skins. After identification of collected ticks, genomic DNA of all ticks was extracted. DNA samples were tested using real-time PCR for Rickettsia spp. infections. The species of Rickettsia in positive samples were determined using gltA gene amplification and sequencing. A total of 250 ticks were collected from 50 stray dogs and all of them belonged to Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Totally, 10 pooled of 50 pooled ticks were positive for Rickettsia spp. in real-time PCR and the minimal Rickettsial infection rate was 4% in this study. The identified Rickettsia spp. included R. massiliae (n = 5), R. rhipicephali (n = 1), and R. sibirica (n = 1). In this study, molecular evidence of Rickettsia spp. infection was observed in collected ticks from stray dogs in southeast Iran. More sensitivity to human and animal health care systems in southeastern Iran is essential to the diagnosis of suspected clinical cases that are related to rickettsiosis.     

住院脑梗死患者抑郁相关因素分析及风险预警模型的构建

目的 构建脑梗死后抑郁风险预警模型,为医护人员早期、快速识别高危患者,及时行干预措施提供理论依据。方法 选取住院脑梗死患者142例,单因素分析相关资料;二分类logistic回归分析确定脑梗死后抑郁的独立危险因素并建立风险预警模型;ROC曲线判断各独立指标与风险预警模型诊断的准确性;交叉验证法检验风险预警模型效能。结果 脑梗死后抑郁的发生率为33.80%。单因素分析显示脑梗死后抑郁与NIHSS评分、Barthel指数、MRS、FSS、对支持的利用度、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、居住地、手术史、总胆固醇、甘油三酯有关（P＜0.05）。二分类logistic回归分析显示手术史、Barthel指数、FSS是脑梗死后抑郁的独立危险因素。手术史、Barthel指数、FSS及基于独立危险因素建立的风险预警模型ROC曲线下面积/灵敏度/特异度分别为0.599/72.9%/46.80%、0.744/64.6%/77.70%、0.829/68.8%/85.10%、0.928/72.90%/97.87%,交叉检验风险预警模型准确率为85.92%。结论 手术史、Barthel指数、FSS是脑梗死患者发生抑郁的独立危险因素,基于此建立的风险预警模型对脑梗死后抑郁预警效果良好。     

亚稀褶红菇对大鼠致死毒性分级研究

目的 为了解亚稀褶红菇对大鼠的半数致死量（LD50）,进行毒性分级。方法 采用急性毒性试验经典方法寇氏法,设亚稀褶红菇175、248、350、495、700 mg/kgBW共 5个剂量组和阴性对照组(等体积生理盐水),每组大鼠12只,雌雄各半,腹腔注射,连续观察14 d大鼠的毒性反应和死亡情况。并对试验大鼠进行病理组织学检查。结果 根据试验结果,经计算,亚稀褶红菇对SD大鼠腹腔注射LD50为406 mg/kgBW,95%可信限为348～473 mg/kgBW。病理学检查显示大鼠心脏、肝脏、肾脏均有损害,随剂量增加损害程度加重。结论 按照大鼠急性毒性（LD50）剂量分级亚稀褶红菇为中等毒性,相当于人的致死量为5 g/人。     

高效液相色谱法测定天麻中L-焦谷氨酸的含量

应用ＨＰＬＣ法对没来源和加工方法不同的天麻Ｇａｓｔｒｏｄｉａ ｅｌａｔａ Ｂｌ,中Ｌ－焦谷氨酸成分进行了定量分析。结果显示Ｌ－焦谷氨酸在天麻中的含量因产地、栽培方法和加工方法的不同而有差异。野生比家种、鲜品比干品的Ｌ－焦谷氨酸含量高。     

胆管结石乳头局部组织中血管活性肠肽和一氧化氮合酶表达的改变及意义

目的 探讨胆管结石患者乳头局部组织中血管活性肠肽(VIP)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)表达的改变及意义。方法 选择68例进行逆行胰胆管造影和/或乳头括约肌切开术的胆管结石患者,采用内镜下活检乳头局部组织。常规石蜡包埋,连续切片,免疫组化SABC法检测VIP及NOS。对照组为门诊胃镜检查胃粘膜大致正常者。结果 结石组乳头粘膜内 VlP和NOS阳性产物与对照组相比较显著降低(P相似文献