中国北方汉族人乙二醛酶I基因AlalllGlu多态性与糖尿病并发冠心病的关系研究

目的探讨中国北方地区汉族人乙二醛酶I（GLO—I）基因AlalllGlu多态性与糖尿病并发冠心病的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）技术，检测了161名对照组、99例糖尿病组和71例糖尿病并发冠心病组GLO-I基因AlalllGlu多态性的基因型和等位基因频率分布。分析基因多态性对糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、血糖、血脂水平的影响。结果3组研究对象的GLO—I基因AlalllGlu多态性基因型和等位基因频率分布差异无显著意义，不同基因型亚组间HbAlC、血糖、血脂水平无明显差别。Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、HbAlc是糖尿病并发冠心病的危险因素，HDL—C则是糖尿病并发冠心痛的保护因素（β=-2．708，Exp（β）=0．067，95％CI=0．009～0．488，P=0．008）。结论GLO-I基因AlalllGlu多态性与糖尿病并发冠心病无明显关联性，不是中国北方汉族人糖尿病并发冠心病发病的独立危险因素。     

汉族人群胆固醇酯转运蛋白TaqIB基因多态性与2型糖尿病合并冠心病的关系

胆固醇酯转运蛋白(CETP)是脂质转运/脂多糖结合蛋白家族中的一种,在胆固醇逆向转运中起关键作用,胆固醇逆向转运是将胆固醇从外周组织经血液运输至肝脏,CETP可促进胆固醇酯(CE)从高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的合成部位转移至乳糜颗粒(CM)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL),而将LDL、VLDL中的甘油三酯(TG)转运至HDL中,CETP还可将富含TG的脂蛋白中的磷脂转运至HDL,CE通过LDL受体相关蛋白和肝脏中的受体进入肝脏清除.     

磁捕获RNA技术在丙型肝炎诊断中的应用

采用磁捕获ＲＮＡ技术，结合逆转录－多聚酶链反应检测１００例非甲非乙型肝炎患者血清中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性５４例。同样病例用第二代ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂检测抗－ＨＣＶ阳性４０例。在６０例抗－ＨＣＶ阴性者，ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性率３８％。ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ和抗ＨＣＶ阳性共６３例，其中有血及血制品应用史者３９例。     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 探讨我国内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔少数民族聚居区成年人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）患病率及其危险因素。 方法 对该地区20岁以上常住居民进行CKD抽样调查,被调查者均检测了尿白蛋白/肌酐比率、血尿（离心后尿沉渣显微镜检查）及估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR,检验血清肌酐后用国人校正的简化MDRD公式计算）;并同时调查了CKD的相关危险因素。 结果 符合入选条件的被调查者共4522例,白蛋白尿阳性率为7.11%;血尿阳性率为2.64%;eGFR低于60 ml•min-1•(1.73 m2)-1者为2.75%;去除白蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降共同存在造成的重复,该地区CKD患病率为12.95%。高血压患病率38.90%,糖代谢异常6.61%,脂代谢异常34.60%,腰围增大24.79%,代谢综合征15.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析及分层分析显示,年龄增加、腰围增大、收缩压升高、空腹血糖升高、血清三酰甘油增高及患代谢综合征与白蛋白尿发生相关;年龄增加、收缩压升高及空腹血糖升高与肾功能下降相关;年龄增加与血尿发生相关。 结论 内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔地区CKD患病率为12.95%。相关危险因素包括年龄增加、腰围增大、高血压、血糖或血脂异常、及代谢综合征。     

循环肿瘤DNA定量方法的建立及其临床应用的初步研究

目的 建立荧光核酸染料PicoGreen用于循环肿瘤DNA定量的方法并以乳腺癌为例初步探讨其在肿瘤辅助诊断中的作用. 方法 采用QIAamp DNA blood kit提取血清中的循环肿瘤DNA并分析其提取效率,分析PicoGreen荧光分光光度法对微量DNA进行精确定量的范围和可靠性.以受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)判断循环肿瘤DNA应用于乳腺癌辅助诊断的可行性. 结果 QIAamp DNA blood kit提取血清中DNA的效率在37.8%～46.2%,平均43.4%.用PicoGreen荧光法,可检出低至1 ng的循环肿瘤DNA,并且在1～500 ng范围内呈现良好的直线关系.用此法检测乳腺癌组血清DNA浓度为(169.70±124.10)μg/L,对照组乳腺良性病变为(51.70±29.04)μg/L,健康人为(54.30±36.84)μg/L.经Mann-Whitney检验二者差异有统计学意义.ROC下面积为0.899(95%CI为0.848～0.951),当DNA诊断界值为96.0/μg/L时,灵敏度为78.2%,特异度为90.0%,提示血清DNA浓度有较好的诊断应用价值. 结论 应用PicoGreen荧光分光光度法可有效检测微量的血清循环肿瘤DNA,且乳腺癌组循环肿瘤DNA浓度明显高于对照组,提示循环肿瘤DNA为有价值的乳腺癌辅助诊断指标之一.     

原发性病理性十二指肠胃反流患者胃黏膜生长激素释放肽Ghrelin的表达

十二指肠胃反流(duodenogastric reflux,DGR)频率增加、持续时间延长及十二指肠内容物反流量增大均可导致胃黏膜损伤,称为病理性DGR.     

过氧化小体增殖物激活受体γ C161T基因多态性和动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的关系

目的 探讨过氧化小体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)C161T基因多态性与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死(ACI)的关系.方法 筛选168例ACI患者及165名健康人群为研究对象.采用聚合酶链式限制性片段长度多态性方法检测PPARγ基因C161T位点多态性.结果 PPAγC161T基因型CC、CT和TT在脑梗死患者组的分布频率分别为76.2%、21.4%和和2.4%,C等位基因频率为86.9%,T等位基因频率为13.1%;CC、CT和TT基因型在正常对照组中的分布频率分别为60.6%、36.4%和3.0%,C等位基因频率为78.8%,T等住基因频率为21.2%,除TT基因型外(例数少未统计分析),两组间其他各基因型频率及等位基因频率差异有显著性,正常时照组T等位基因携带者基因型(CT+TT)频率(39.4%)明显高于脑梗死组(23.8%),CC型明显低于脑梗死组.结论 PPARγC161T基因多态性与脑梗死的发病有关,T等住基因携带者可能发生脑梗死的风险低.     

前S1抗原与丙氨酸氨基转移酶联合检测诊断乙型肝炎病毒复制

目的:探讨前S1抗原与丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)在诊断乙型肝炎病毒复制中的临床价值.方法:对150例乙型肝炎病毒s抗原(HBsAg)阳性的样本分别进行血清前S1抗原、乙型肝炎病毒-脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)和ALT的检测,前S1抗原采用酶联免疫吸附法,HBV-DNA采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法,ALT采用全自动生化分析仪检测.结果:150例样本HBV-DNA均为阳性(≥103IU/ml).其中前S1抗原阳性116例,两者符合率为77.3%.前S1抗原阳性的116例中95例(81.9%)表现为乙型肝炎病毒的高复制(HBV-DNA>104IU/ml),同时51例ALT不升高的样本中35例(68.6%)HBV-DNA>104IU/ml.结论:前S1抗原是反映乙肝病毒复制及复制程度高低的指标,与血清ALT同时检测可以指导临床慢性乙型肝炎患者的定期复检及疗效判定.     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.