2019年秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施及影响因素分析

目的了解秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施情况,分析其影响因素。方法于2019年采用多阶段分层整群抽样法选取秦皇岛市3352名18~79岁超重肥胖者为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行χ^2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施率为13.9%。不同控制措施构成比例由高到低依次为控制饮食(41.3%)、控制饮食和运动组合措施(33.0%),加强运动措施(24.0%)、采取药物控制措施(1.7%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、城乡、经济收入、高血压及血脂异常均是超重肥胖者采取体重控制措施的影响因素。女性(OR=1.646,95%CI:1.226~2.210)、≥65岁人群高年龄(与18~40岁相比,OR=1.445,95%CI:1.130~1.848)、初中及高中和大专及以上(与小学及以下相比,初中及高中OR=1.885,95%CI:1.225~2.902;大专及以上OR=1.581,95%CI:1.096~2.281)、城镇(OR=1.948,95%CI:1.579~2.403)、中等收入和高收入(与低收入相比,中等收入OR=2.276,95%CI:1.716~3.020;高收入OR=2.181,95%CI:1.617~2.941)、高血压(OR=1.500,95%CI:1.153~1.951)、血脂异常(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.096~2.281)均是超重肥胖者采取体重控制措施的影响因素,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施率较低,饮食和运动相结合的控制措施最有利于超重肥胖人群,应针对不同特征群体开展针对性干预措施。     

中国成年双生子高脂血症的分布特征

目的描述中国双生子登记系统(CNTR)成年双生子高脂血症的分布特征, 初步探索遗传和环境因素对高脂血症的影响。方法研究对象来自CNTR在全国11个项目地区募集的双生子, 纳入成年且具有高脂血症信息的69 130名(34 565对)双生子进行分析。采用随机效应模型描述高脂血症的人群、地区分布特征。分别计算不同卵型双生子的高脂血症同病率, 估算遗传度。结果研究对象年龄为(34.2±12.4)岁。双生子人群高脂血症患病率为1.3%(895/69 130)。男性、年长、城镇、已婚、大专及以上文化程度、超重、肥胖、体力活动不足、当前吸烟和曾经吸烟、当前饮酒和曾经饮酒人群中高脂血症患病率较高。双生子对内分析发现, 同卵双生子高脂血症同病率为29.1%(118/405), 高于异卵双生子的18.1%(57/315), 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不同年龄、地区及性别分层中, 同卵双生子同病率仍呈现高于异卵双生子的趋势。进一步同性别双生子对内分析发现, 在北方组和女性组中, 高脂血症遗传度分别为13.04%(95%CI:2.61%～23.47%)、18.59%(95%CI:4.43%～3...     

Scientific literature addressing detection of monosialoganglioside A 10-year bibliometric analysis

OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to explore a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assess the research on detection of monosialoganglioside from 2002 to 2011. DATA RETRIEVAL: A bibliometric analysis based on the publications on Web of Science was performed using key words such as "monosialoganglioside", "colloidal gold", "high performance liquid chromatography" and "detection". SELECTION CRITERIA: (1) Research articles on the detection of monosialoganglioside; (2) researches on human and animal fundamentals, clinical trials and case reports; (3) article types: article, review, proceedings paper, note, letter, editorial material, discussion, book chapter; (4) Publication year: 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria: (1) unrelated articles; (2) type of articles: correction; (3) articles from following databases: all databases related to social science and arts & humanities in Web of Science were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) distribution of subject areas; (2) number of publications annually; (3) document type and language of publications; (4) distribution of institutions; (5) distribution of output in journals; (6) the number of countries in which the article is published; (7) top cited paper. RESULTS: Overall population stands at 1 880 research articles addressing detection of monosialoganglioside in Web of Science during the study period. Articles (1 599) were the most frequently used document type comprising 85.05%, followed by meeting abstracts, reviews and proceedings papers. The distribution of subject categories showed that monosialoganglioside research covered both clinical and basic science research. The USA, Japan, and Italy were the three most productive countries, and the publication numbers in the USA were highest with 559 papers. The University of Milan, Nagoya University, and Kinki University are the most productive institutions regarding detection of monosialoganglioside. In 559 articles published by Americans, Medical College of Georgia ranked the first with 30 articles, followed by University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (28 articles), Cornell University (24 articles) and Johns Hopkins University (24 articles). In 442 articles published by Japanese, Nagoya University ranked the first with 40 articles, followed by Kinki University (36 articles), and Dokkyo University (31 articles). Though the total number of publications by Japanese is smaller than Americans, the top three institutions published more publications than American institutions. There is a markedly increase in the number of publications on the subject detection of monosialoganglioside in 2004, which the peak in the past 10 years. The valley bottom of the subject appeared in 2005. In total, the research is increased with time prolonged. Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal of Biological Chemistry and Journal of Neuroimmunology were core subject journals in monosialoganglioside studies. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the topics in detection of monosialoganglioside research that are being published around the world.     

中国肿瘤登记地区人群骨肿瘤发病分析

  目的  分析我国城市和农村恶性骨肿瘤的发病趋势和特点。  方法  根据全国32个肿瘤登记地区的2003年至2007年和部分1988年至2007年恶性骨肿瘤的发病数据库, 其中城市点14个, 农村点18个, 覆盖总人口255 430 909。肿瘤登记采用ICD-10和ICD-O-3编码。发病趋势分别应用变化百分比（PC）和年度变化百分比（APC）分析。  结果  2003年至2007年我国骨肿瘤粗发病率1.79/105, 其中城市1.72/105, 农村2.01/105; 中标率分别是1.39/105、1.21/105, 1.40/105, 骨肿瘤占全部恶性肿瘤发病的0.67%, 发病顺位居第24位。2003年至2007年骨肿瘤发病下降9.6%, 其中城市下降13.03%, 农村上升4.06%;分析1988年至2007年上海市、北京市、江苏启东市和河南林州市的发病趋势, 仅上海市骨肿瘤发病出现有统计学差异的下降, APC为-1.76（P=0.042）。  结论  中国农村骨肿瘤的发病高于城市, 并且农村发病呈现上升趋势, 城市呈下降趋势      

Infection and molecular identification of ascaridoid nematodes from the important marine food fish Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch) (Perciformes: Nemipteridae) in China

The Japanese threadfin bream N. japonicus (Bloch) (Perciformes: Nemipteridae) is an important marine food fish in Asia. However, our present knowledge of the occurrence of its nematode parasites is still limited. In the present study, the species composition and infection rate of ascaridoid nematodes in N. japonicus from the South China Sea, were studied for the first time. Five ascaridoid species, namely Anisakis typica (L3), Hysterothylacium amoyense (L3), Hysterothylacium sp. IV-A (L3), adult of H. thalassini and Raphidascaris lophii (L3), were identified using integrative taxonomy. Hysterothylacium amoyense was the most prevalent species (prevalence 47.2%, mean intensity 14.9 ± 17.1). Hysterothylacium thalassini and R. lophii were reported in the Japanese threadfin bream for the first time. Two different genotypes of A. typica (overall prevalence of 3.4%; mean intensity 1.7 ± 0.9) were found in the South China Sea for the first time. The unique restriction polymorphism patterns of three species of Hysterothylacium are provided for rapid diagnosis. Our present results indicate that RFLP analysis of ITS region, using the restriction enzymes HhaI and RsaI, represents a simple and practical method for large-scale surveys of Hysterothylacium for seafood industry.     

河北省邯郸县村级幼儿园消毒效果情况调查

目的了解村级幼儿园的环境卫生状况及消毒工作质量,旨在发现问题,为监督检测提供依据。方法按照GB15982—1995《医院消毒卫生标准》和GB14934—1994《食（饮）具消毒卫生标准》方法对邯郸县30家村级幼儿园的空气菌落总数、物体表面、工作人员手表面、餐具表面的菌落总数、致病菌和大肠菌群进行检测。结果共采集264份样本,合格211份,合格率为79．92％。其中餐具、手表面、室内空气、物体表面的合格率分别为93．33％、86．11％、75．64％、72．22％。结论该县村级幼儿园消毒合格率不高,今后需加强对村级幼儿园的监督监测,并定期或根据实际情况随时对村级幼儿园的管理及有关人员进行培训。     

中国成年双生子高血压的分布特征

目的描述中国双生子登记系统(CNTR)成年双生子高血压的分布特征, 探索高血压在我国双生子人群中的分布规律, 为探索遗传和环境因素对高血压的作用提供线索。方法研究对象选自2010-2018年于CNTR进行登记的双生子, 纳入≥18岁具有高血压患病信息的69 220名(34 610对)双生子进行分析。采用随机效应模型描述双生子中高血压患病的人群、地区分布特征。比较不同卵型间双生子的高血压同病率, 估算遗传度。结果研究对象年龄为(34.1±12.4)岁。双生子人群高血压报告患病率为3.8%(2 610/69 220)。年长、居住于城镇、已婚、超重或肥胖者、当前吸烟或曾经吸烟、当前饮酒或曾经饮酒人群中高血压报告患病率更高(P<0.05)。同性别双生子对内分析发现, 同卵双生子高血压同病率(43.2%)高于异卵双生子(27.0%), 差异有统计学意义(P<0.001), 高血压遗传度为22.1%(95%CI:16.3%～28.0%)。在不同性别、年龄、地区分层中, 同卵双生子高血压同病率大于异卵双生子, 在女性人群中, 高血压的遗传度更高。结论本研究中双生子人群的高血压分布存在人群...     

C-reactive protein,gamma-glutamyltransferase and type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population

BackgroundWe studied the association of C-reactive protein (CRP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and type 2 diabetes in Chinese.MethodA population-based cross-sectional study.ResultsCRP and GGT levels were significantly higher in participants with diabetes than in those without (P < 0.001). Higher CRP levels were positively associated with prevalent type 2 diabetes after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, family history of diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, education, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, use of antihypertensive drugs, aspirin and lipid-lowering agents, with multivariable odds ratios (OR) of 1.55 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–2.27, P trend = 0.005, comparing quartile 4 to quartile 1). However, after further adjustment for GGT, the association was completely attenuated (fourth quartile OR 1.23, 95% CI, 0.83–1.82, P trend = 0.127). Moreover, the association of CRP and prevalent type 2 diabetes was stronger in subjects with GGT values above the median than in those with GGT values below the median. Increasing serum GGT quartiles were positively associated with prevalent type 2 diabetes after adjustment for potential confounding variables (P for trend < 0.001).ConclusionCRP may not be an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, at least in Chinese people.