全陶人工髋关节置换术后陶瓷头碎裂的个案分析

<正>全髋关节置换术是成人髋关节重建中最常见的手术。手术的主要目的是减轻痛苦,恢复关节运动功能,维持髋关节稳定。术后效果与外科手术技术、生物材料和假体设计等多方面因素有关[1]。人工假体按材料分为金属对聚乙烯、陶瓷对聚乙烯、陶瓷对陶瓷和金属对金属几种[2]。相比于其他材料,陶瓷对陶瓷假体在临床效果、使用寿命等方面上有着明显的优势[3],其硬度高、抗磨损力强、磨损产物少、润滑性好,有着更好的活动性能和生物惰性,但因陶瓷的脆     

手部高压注射伤的临床治疗

手部高压注射伤(high-pressure injection in-juries,HPII)是手外科临床少见的特殊急症。由于早期症状轻,易被医生和患者忽视,延误及时、正确的治疗。手部高压注射伤是工业高压枪的操作者,不慎将化学制剂(或水)经80,000kPa以上的压力瞬间注入手部而致[1]。尽管局部皮肤伤口细小,但因高压喷射的物理作用、有害喷射物的化学作用及组织内压的骤然增高,常常引起较严重的手部组织损伤[2]。Neal和Rappold报道其所致截指和(或)截肢率高达16%～48%[3,4]。我科自2002年4月至2004年10月,共收治手部高压注射伤患者13例,采用一期彻底清创、引流及二期…     

生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统结构特征和体外药物释放的研究

目的制备生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统,对其理化性质和WO-1的体外释放情况进行评价。方法采用PluronicF-127负载WO-1制作生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统。扫描电镜观察生物衍生骨及生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统形貌特征,测量其孔径和孔隙率;应用X线衍射分析仪和X线能量散射分析仪对其成分进行分析;应用高效液相色谱分析仪评价WO-1在双蒸水中1~7d的药物释放情况。结果生物衍生骨具有天然的网状孔隙结构,孔隙间互相连通;生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统也具有互相连通的网状孔隙结构,孔径和孔隙率分别为522.43±16.75μm和55%,低于生物衍生骨的孔径623.67±12.31μm和孔隙率75%。生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统主要成分为羟基磷灰石,钙/磷比为1.54;生物衍生骨钙/磷比为1.77。药物释放实验生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统1d表现为爆发释放,溶液浓度为4.6μg/ml,此后可连续释放6d,浓度维持在0.2~0.8μg/ml。结论生物衍生骨-WO-1药物缓释系统可望成为一种更佳的骨组织工程支架材料,有待于进一步进行体内研究。     

切开复位内固定治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折

目的探讨骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折手术治疗方法。方法切开复位内固定治疗52例骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折。前骨盆经Plan—nenstiel入路固定9例，Pfannenstiel入路结合部分髂腹般沟入路固定43例。37例行骨盆重建钢板固定，骨盆重建钢板固定结合耻骨上支髓内螺钉固定9例，6例2块骨盆重建钢板固定。后环37例经患侧髂嵴入路以骨盆重建钢板固定。8例骶骨骨折行骶髂关节螺钉固定。7例未行后骨盆固定。结果平均随访18个月。全部骨性愈合，无下肢不等长，骨盆畸形基本纠正。按Majeed疗效评定标准优良率为93．8％。结论通过前后联合入路，切开复位治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折疗效满意，并可防止远近期并发症的发生。     

不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.     

G蛋白耦联受体激酶结合蛋白1通过调节细胞外调节激酶1/2的活性促进成骨细胞迁移

目的探索G蛋白耦联受体激酶结合蛋白1(GITI)在成骨细胞迁移中的作用,并分析其机理。方法通过Western blot方法检测GIT1蛋白在鼠的成骨细胞内的表达；用免疫荧光染色方法确定：在血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)不刺激和刺激的条件下,GIT1和细胞外调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)在成骨细胞内的位置；用共同免疫沉淀的方法测定GIT1和ERK1/2相互结合,并且用免疫荧光双染的方法确定这两种蛋白相互结合的位置；用包含GIT1-RNA发夹结构的腺病毒感染成骨细胞后,用免疫荧光染色方法确定磷酸化ERK1/2(pERK1/2)在成骨细胞内的位置,用划痕愈合法检测在PDGF刺激下的迁移能力。结果在成骨细胞内,PDGF刺激导致了GIT1和ERK1/2的相互结合,并且这种结合发生在成骨细胞的局部粘附内。包含GIT1-RNA发夹结构的腺病毒明显抑制了pERK1/2招募至成骨细胞局部粘附内以及PDGF所刺激的成骨细胞的迁移。结论在PDGF刺激下,GIT1招募pERK1/2至成骨细胞的局部粘附内,从而促进成骨细胞的迁移。     

不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.     

不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.     

肩锁钩板治疗不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的临床研究

目的：比较肩锁钩板和传统克氏针内固定治疗不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的疗效。方法：54例不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的患者接受了手术治疗，内固定分别是锁骨钩板或克氏针，根据国外的锁骨外侧段骨折肩部功能评价标准进行6－12个月的术后随访，随访结果运用统计学方法进行分析处理，结果：克氏针内固定组的手术优良率为77．3％，并发症发生率为27．3％，骨折愈合率为81．8％；锁骨钩板内固定组的手术优良率为100％，并发症发生率为3．1％，骨折愈合率100％。两组数据统计学差异有显著性，结论：在不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的手术治疗中，锁骨钩板较传统克氏针内固定有较高的手术优良率和骨折愈合率，且并发症的发生率较低，因此，它是一种疗效满意的内固定方法。     

不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.