Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

公立医院优势学科病种绩效管理研究:以骨科为例

目的从循证视角建立公立医院优势学科病种绩效管理工具。方法以波士顿矩阵理论为指导,以“病种均次毛利率、病种均次住院日”为主要指标,“日均毛利率”为辅助指标,采用Microsoft office EXCEL 365 软件进行分析。结果2019年骨科平均住院日为4.99 d,均次平均毛利率为23.62%,日均毛利率平均值为4.73%。骨科200例以上病种、不同亚专科病区病种、同一亚专科病区内不同病种、不同亚专科病区相同病种,绩效均存在差异。结论 管理者应对不同病种绩效指标进行适当校正,探索精细化病种诊疗与管理模式。     

结直肠癌患者术前营养状况对术后生活质量影响

目的 探讨术前营养风险对胃肠肿瘤患者术后生存质量的影响，并对临床营养治疗提出合理建议。方法 通过一 项回顾性研究，选取2014 年 6 月至2016 年 6 月上海交通大学附属第六人民医院普外科新入院结直肠癌患者150 例，入院 后 24 小时内，应用NRS 2002 评估其营养状况，根据评分将患者分为两组，即研究组（存在营养风险）和对照组（无营养 风险），比较两组患者术后并发症之间的差异，运用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织的生命质量核心量表比较两组间生存质量差 异。结果 NRS 2002结果显示对照组86例（57%），研究组 64例（43%）。不同营养状况患者比较，研究组患者术后感染， 吻合口瘘的发生率显著高于对照组患者。两者整体生存质量，躯体功能、认知功能、疲乏、失眠差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）； 而角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能、恶心呕吐、疼痛、气促、食欲丧失、便秘、腹泻、经济困难差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 通过多元逐步线性回归分析得出术前营养状态可以作为患者术后生活质量的独立影响因素。结论 术前存在营养风险的结直 肠癌患者，术后并发症显著增加，术后生活质量下降，应加强对术前存在营养风险患者的营养治疗。     

Labile plasma iron,more practical and more sensitive to iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes

Objectives: In order to gain an insight into labile plasma iron (LPI) in iron metabolism microenvironment in MDS.

Methods: We performed ELISA, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, MRI T2* assays to test LPI, iron biochemical parameters, and liver iron concentration (LIC) among 22 MDS patients.

Results: LPI has a statistical difference (P?P?=?0.086 by ANOVA). After DFO treatment, serum hepcidin expression increased from 301.26?±?59.78 to 340.33?±?49.78?µg/l (P?=?0.032), while hepcidin/ASF was upregulated gradually from 0.16?±?0.08 to 0.22?±?0.03 (P?=?0.045). APAF-1 expression (P?=?0.047) and erythroid apoptosis rate (P?=?0.009) decreased significantly, respectively. No statistical difference was found in EPO (P?=?0.247) and GDF15 expression (P?=?0.172). LIC dropped from 9.83?±?4.84 to 6.28?±?4.01?mg/g dry weight (P?P?=?0.594). LPI has a closer connection to LIC than ASF (r?=?0.739, P?r?=?0.321, P?=?0.034).

Discussion: LPI seems to be a real-time indicator which reflects body iron loading status instantaneously. Despite the limited knowledge available on LPI speciation in different types and degrees of IO, LPI measurements can be and are in fact used for identifying systemic IO and for initiating/adjusting chelation regimens.     

Autophagy： a double-edged sword for neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia

Evidence suggests that autophagy may be a new therapeutic target for stroke, but whether acti- vation of autophagy increases or decreases the rate of neuronal death is still under debate. This review summarizes the potential role and possible signaling pathway of autophagy in neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia and proposes that autophagy has dual effects.     

基于TCGA数据库挖掘甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移相关的突变基因及其机制探讨北大核心

目的:挖掘并筛选与甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)淋巴结转移相关的突变基因及其潜在的机制。方法:从TCGA数据库获得377例PTC患者的测序数据及完整的临床资料,并分为淋巴结转移组(LM,n=212)与无淋巴结转移组(NLM,n=165)。利用R语言(v3.6.2)对转移组特有的突变基因进行富集分析。采用String在线软件绘制蛋白互作网络,Cytoscape软件筛选网络中的核心基因。在UALCAN网站上验证基因表达量与淋巴结转移之间的关系。利用荧光实时定量PCR测定候选基因在细胞系中mRNA的表达量。结果:一共筛选出1197个仅在LM组发生突变的基因,它们主要富集在黏着连接、细胞黏附分子(cell adhesion molecules,CAMs)通路。CAMs通路的核心基因ITGB1与VCAN的表达量与淋巴结转移相关。与正常甲状腺细胞系相比,VCAN基因在PTC细胞系TPC-1和B-CPAP中mRNA的表达量较高,尤其是B-CPAP细胞系。结论:CAMs通路可能是PTC淋巴结转移相关机制之一,其中VCAN基因可能是潜在的分子标志物。     

Bioglass enhanced wound healing ability of urine‐derived stem cells through promoting paracrine effects between stem cells and recipient cells

In cell therapy, tissue regeneration ability of stem cells relies on the paracrine effects between stem cells and recipient cells. Our recent studies demonstrated that, in tissue engineering, bioactive silicates could stimulate paracrine effects between stem cells and recipient cells, which enhanced tissue generation. Therefore, we proposed that, in cell therapy, it may be an effective method to improve tissue regeneration ability of stem cells through activating the paracrine effects between stem cells and recipient cells with bioactive silicates. As urine‐derived stem cells (USCs) have been injected for wound healing and bioglass (BG) have shown bioactivity for various types of stem cells, in this study, we activated USCs with effective BG ionic products. Then the conditioned medium of BG‐activated USCs were used to culture endothelial cells and fibroblasts as well as co‐cultures of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Results showed that growth factor expression in BG‐activated USCs was upregulated. In addition, paracrine effects between USCs and recipient cells in wound healing were stimulated, which resulted in enhanced capillary‐like network formation of endothelial cells and matrix protein production as well as myofibroblast differentiation of fibroblasts. Finally, the BG‐activated USCs were applied on full‐thickness excisional wounds. Results confirmed that BG‐activated USCs had better wound healing ability through improving angiogenesis and collagen deposition in wound sites as compared with USCs without any treatment. Taken together, BG can be used to promote wound healing ability of USCs by enhancing paracrine effects between USCs and recipient cells.     

甲状旁腺病变的超声诊断及多种影像学对比分析

评价超声在甲状旁腺疾病诊断中的价值及多种影像学检查技术在甲状旁腺疾病诊断中的对比分析。方法回顾性分析于我院行甲状旁腺手术切除患者94例,共104个病灶。观察病变的声像图特征,对比分析多种影像学检查结果。结果不同甲状旁腺病变的超声声像图特征具有差异性,超声诊断甲状旁腺病变的敏感度为82.69%(86/104),对于直径1cm的病变,超声诊断的敏感度明显高于其他检查单独使用,而对于合并甲状腺结节的病变超声的敏感度低于核素显像及超声联合核素检查(P均0.05)。结论超声可作为甲状旁腺病变诊断的首选检查方法,联合运用各种影像学检查,可更好地进行病变的术前定位及诊断。     

超声心动图评价左心房重构的应用

目的 左心房重构是心房颤动和心力衰竭等心血管疾病的重要机制,也是疾病进展的主要病理生理学基础。本文主要对超声心动图在早期诊断左心房重构,并对其进行危险分层,及有效评价左心房重构逆转程度等方面的应用进行综述。