Changes in mucosal and serum immunoglobulin levels of California sea lions during early development

To date, most studies on pinniped immunoglobulins have focused on circulating antibodies. However, systemic and local immune activities differ in terms of maturation, intensity, and types of effectors that participate. Here, we examined levels of three immunoglobulin isotypes, IgG, IgM and IgA, in the blood and mucosal membranes of free-living California sea lion pups. We investigated whether age, body condition and sex influenced their concentration. Isotype levels varied among tissues, with age-related patterns that could be indicative of differential regulation along development. Serum IgG and IgA increased linearly with age, reaching adult levels at five months of age, while IgM remained unchanged. Mucosal isotypes tended to be low in newborns and remained so until five months of age. Regardless of age, pups with better condition tended to have higher anal IgG levels and higher genital IgA levels, suggesting that their synthesis and transport to the mucosal membranes is costly. Intersex differences were only observed in the genital mucosa, where all isotypes differed between male and female pups, regardless of age, presumably due to histological and anatomical differences.     

Serum proteomic analysis reveals potential serum biomarkers for occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis caused by trichloroethylene

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an industrial solvent with widespread occupational exposure and also a major environmental contaminant. Occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis induced by trichloroethylene (OMLDT) is an autoimmune disease and it has become one major hazard in China. In this study, sera from 3 healthy controls and 3 OMLDT patients at different disease stages were used for a screening study by 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Eight proteins including transthyretin (TTR), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), haptoglobin, clusterin, serum amyloid A protein (SAA), apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein C-III and apolipoprotein C-II were found to be significantly altered among the healthy, acute-stage, healing-stage and healed-stage groups. Specifically, the altered expression of TTR, RBP4 and haptoglobin were further validated by Western blot analysis and ELISA. Our data not only suggested that TTR, RBP4 and haptoglobin could serve as potential serum biomarkers of OMLDT, but also indicated that measurement of TTR, RBP4 and haptoglobin or their combination could help aid in the diagnosis, monitoring the progression and therapy of the disease.     

尘肺病患者社会人口学特征对生活质量影响研究

目的 探讨尘肺病患者的社会人口学特征对其生活质量的影响,为制定提高其生活质量的措施提供科学依据.方法 以整群抽样的方法随机抽取病例组174例尘肺病患者,采用世界卫生组织生存质量评估简表(WHOQOL-BREF)和St George's呼吸问卷(SGRQ)进行问卷调查,对照组为150名非粉尘作业正常健康工人.结果 病例组WHO-QOL-BREF4个领域得分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).不同年龄尘肺病患者在WHOQOL-BREF的生理领域、心理领域和SGRQ的活动受限、疾病影响及总分得分分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同文化程度患者在WHOQOL-BREF的心理领域和SGRQ的活动受限维度及总分得分分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);不同尘肺期别患者在WHOQOL-BREF的生理领域、心理领域和SGRQ的3个维度得分及总分分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);患病年限＜2年组与＞5年组在WHOQOL-BREF的生理、心理领域得分分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);有并发症者在SGRQ的呼吸症状维度得分高于无并发症者(P＜0.01).结论 尘肺病患者中年龄较大、文化程度较低、尘肺期别较高、患病年限较长和并发症等社会人口学特征影响其生活质量,采取针对性的整体护理、健康教育与心理辅导等干预措施时应考虑到相关社会人口学特征的影响.     

5-羟色胺受体1B基因多态性及其与振动性白指关联分析

目的 检测手传振动作业工人5-羟色胺受体1B基因(HTR1B)多态性位点,分析HTR1B基因多态性与振动性白指(VWF)的关联性.方法 对HTR1B再测序筛查多态性位点,其与VWF的关联性采用Logistic回归分析,采用Haploview软件进行其遗传特征和连锁不平衡(LD)分析.结果 筛查到7个已知单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,各位点基因型频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P＞0.05).rs17273700、rs11568817与rs130058之间、rs6296与rs6298之间均呈强LD,rs17273700与rs11568817为完全LD.校正年龄、工龄、吸烟和饮酒等混杂因素前,rs17273700突变杂合型AG(P=0.034)、rs11568817位点突变杂合型AC(P =0.034)、rs6298位点突变杂合型AG(P=0.030)与突变纯合型GG(P=0.023)和rs6296位点突变杂合型GC(P =0.022)与突变纯合型CC(P =0.012)等突变基因型相对其各自的野生纯合型,均呈现可能增加VWF易感性的趋势(P＜0.05);校正混杂因素后,上述突变基因型与VWF易感性之间的关联无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 首次完整测序汉族手传振动作业人群HTR1B基因多态性位点并初步分析了其人群遗传特征,HTR1B对VWF易感性的影响值得进一步研究.     

介入放射工作人员血细胞指标的分析

目的 探讨电离辐射对介入放射工作人员血细胞的影响,为介入放射工作人员的健康防控提供依据。方法 以医院34名介入放射工作人员为接触组,35名不接触电离辐射的行政人员为对照组,比较分析其血细胞的变化。结果 接触组淋巴细胞均值明显低于对照组,介入放射工作人员中女性白细胞异常值检出率明显高于男性,年龄和工龄对介入放射工作人员的血细胞影响不明显。结论 电离辐射对介入放射工作人员血细胞会产生一定的影响,应加强介入放射工作人员健康管理,提高个人防护意识。     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects of dipyridamole on learning and memory impairment of vascular dementia (VD) in rats and explore the potential mechanisms.METHODS 4-Vessel occlusion (4-VO) was performed to establish the model of VD. Spatial memory performance was examined using the Morris water maze and step-through passive avoidance tests. The mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor (NF)-??B, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-??) and interleukin (IL)-1?? were measured by RT-PCR and Western-blot in the CA1 district of hippocampus, respectively.RESULTS Compared with vehicle-treated controls, rats treated with 4-VO spented a longer time finding the hidden platform during the acquisition trials of the Morris water maze task; this was reversed by repeated treatment with dipyridamole. In the passive avoidance test, the model rats showed decreased retention tested 24 h after initial training; this was reversed by dipyridamole. The expression of NF-??B, TNF-?? and IL-1?? levels were increased after 4-VO performed and the dipyridamole significantly reduced the release of these inflammation-related factors.CONCLUSION Dipyridamole could reverse the learning and memory impairment of VD by reducing the inflammation reaction.     

工作场所空气中环氧乙烷活性炭管-气相色谱法测定方法研制

目的研制适用于采集工作场所空气中环氧乙烷(EO)的浸渍活性炭管,并建立配套的气相色谱测定方法。方法基于EO能与氢溴酸发生开环反应生成2-溴乙醇的原理,研制浸渍活性炭管,采集空气中EO,用二甲基甲酰胺解吸反应生成的2-溴乙醇后,经毛细管色谱柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测。结果 EO在0.12~97.29 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.99992;该方法的批内精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.92%~3.53%,批间精密度RSD为2.80%~5.98%;平均衍生效率为99.70%~100.00%;平均解吸效率为85.00%~92.65%;定量下限为0.06 mg/L;最低定量质量浓度为0.02 mg/m3(以采集3.0 L空气计)。在室温下,样品可保存6 d;在4℃冰箱中,样品至少可保存8 d。结论研制的浸渍活性炭管及其配套的测定方法与现行国标方法比较,样品保存时间长、可长时间大量采样、操作方便、成本低,更适用于工作场所空气中EO的采样以及检测。     

某地区东方立克次体基因型和遗传特征研究

目的探讨某地区东方立克次体流行株的基因型和遗传特征。方法采用荧光定量PCR技术对该地区东方立克次体感染患者和鼠类标本Sta56蛋白编码基因片段检测,对阳性标本进行基因分型和测序,并与巢式PCR分型结果相比较;对测序结果与GenBank东方立克次体参考序列进行同源性分析。结果东方立克次体感染患者和鼠类标本中可扩增出Gilliam型523bp目的基因片段,与Kawasaki型相似,同源性为96.3%;鼠类标本中还可扩增出318bp目的基因片段,与TA686型相似,同源性为78.5%。东方立克次体感染患者外周血中东方立克次体核苷酸序列与鼠标本的同源性为100.0%。结论粤北山区东方立克次体至少存在Gilliam型和Kawasaki型相似株,鼠类中存在TA686型相似株。粤北山区人、鼠均存在东方立克次体自然感染,已成为恙虫病自然疫源地。     

Role of oxidative stress in diabetes-mediated vascular dysfunction: Unifying hypothesis of diabetes revisited

Oxidative stress is recognized as a key participant in the development of diabetic complications in the vasculature. One of the seminal studies advancing the role of oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells proposed that oxidative stress-mediated diversion of glycolytic intermediates into pathological pathways was a key underlying element in the development of diabetic complications. It is widely recognized that flux through glycolysis slows during diabetes. However, several bottlenecks develop in the glycolytic pathway, including glucose transport, phosphofructokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase. Of these limiting steps in glycolysis, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is most sensitive to oxidative stress, leading to the hypothesis that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate inactivation by ribosylation underlies the diversion of glycolytic intermediates into pathological pathways. However, recent studies question the mechanism underlying the effect of reactive oxygen species on key enzymes of the glycolytic pathway. The present review critiques the major premises of the hypothesis and concludes that further study of the role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetes-mediated vasculature dysfunction is warranted.