Étude de faisabilité : l’utilisation de l’imagerie médicale en éducation thérapeutique en radiothérapie

PurposeAssess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) exploring the use of medical imaging as a therapeutic education (TPE) intervention in external radiation therapy.Materials and methodsExperimental feasibility trial of “RCT” type carried out in a single-center, between November 2019 and March 2020, following adult patients treated by thoracic radiotherapy. In addition to the information usually given, the experimental group benefited from an intervention consisting in the visualization of their own medical images using the open-source software “Stone of Orthanc”.ResultsForty-nine patients were recruited with a refusal rate of 8.16% (4/49). 20 patients were withdrawn from the study for health reasons (COVID), 10 for medical reasons. All the remaining 15 participants completed the process. Although not significant, the experimental group showed a median gain in the perception of knowledge compared to the control group (+ 1.9 (1.6 – 2.2)) vs (+ 1.4 (1.4 – 1.8)), as well as a decrease in scores related to anxiety (? 3.0 (?4.5 - (?2.0)) vs ? 1.0 (?5.0 - 0.0)) and emotional distress ((? 5.0 (? 7.5 - (? 3.5)) vs (? 2.0 (? 5.0 - (? 1.0)) A significant reduction (p = 0.043) is observed for the depression score ((? 2.0 (?3.0 - (?1.5)) vs (0.0 (0.0 – 0.0)).ConclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of the project, with promising preliminary results. Some adaptations in order to conduct a larger-scale RCT are highlighted.     

miR-149与肿瘤关系的研究进展

miRNAs是一类长度约为20~25个核苷酸，参与基因调控表达的内源性非编码RNA。miR-149作为miRNAs的重要成员，在多种肿瘤中表达异常，其表达水平与肿瘤细胞增殖、转移、凋亡、耐药、患者的早期诊断及预后密切相关。因此，miR-149有望成为新一类抗肿瘤治疗的靶点。     

318例原发性胃癌转移及预后影响因素的相关分析

  目的  探索并分析原发性胃癌（gastric cancer,GC）患者转移及预后的影响因素,寻找可早期预测转移的临床指标。  方法  回顾性研究云南省肿瘤医院2018年1月至2021年12月期间收治的经病理确诊为原发性GC的318例患者的临床病理资料,根据是否发生转移分为转移组（213例）和未转移组（105例）。分析各临床病理因素与GC转移及预后的关系,并探索各影响因素对转移的诊断效能。  结果  （1）生存分析提示转移组中位总生存期（overall survival,OS）及平均无进展生存期（progression-free survival,PFS）分别为27个月和22.16个月,未转移组中位OS及平均PFS分别为45个月和41.98个月,2组间OS及PFS,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.0001）;（2）多因素分析提示浸润深度 > 黏膜层、未接受化疗及糖类抗原-125（carbohydrate antigen-125,CA-125）≥14.4 KU/L是GC患者发生转移的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）;（3）绘制受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线）提示与单指标或双指标联合相比,浸润深度、前白蛋白和CA-125三指标联合后对预测GC患者是否发生转移具有更精确的敏感性及特异性;（4）Log-rank检验及COX多因素分析提示化疗总周期<8周期及CA-125≥14.4 KU/L是转移患者OS的独立危险因素,原发灶未接受手术治疗、初诊合并转移、病程中合并远处转移及CA-125≥14.4 KU/L是转移患者PFS的独立危险因素,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。  结论  GC患者一旦发生转移则预后极差,临床中应重视转移的早期发现及诊治,多指标联合对于诊断GC转移具有较精确的敏感性及特异性,提示对GC患者应进行积极评估,制定个体化治疗方案,以期尽早诊治转移灶,为改善患者预后,延长生存期,提高生活质量提供一定的理论基础。     

结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平变化的临床意义

目的 :探讨结直肠癌患者血清血管内皮生长因子 (vascularendothelialgrowthfactor ,VEGF)水平变化的临床意义。方法 :采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测 45例结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平 ,并与正常人比较。结果 :结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平 [( 199 47± 15 6 69)pg/mL]显著高于正常对照组 [( 5 1 2 3± 2 2 66)pg/mL] ,P =0 0 0 0 ;有血管侵犯 [( 2 5 1 63±170 19)pg/mL ]、淋巴结转移 [( 2 66 3 9±162 49)pg/mL]和肝脏转移 [( 3 14 48± 2 19 89)pg/mL]的结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平明显高于无血管侵犯 [( 12 1 2 3± 91 91)pg/mL]、无淋巴结转移 [( 189 2 6± 47 14 )pg/mL]和无肝脏转移 [( 15 7 65± 10 1 86)pg/mL]的患者 ,分别P =0 0 0 5 ,P =0 0 0 0 ,P =0 0 0 2 ;Duke’sC、D期的结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平 [( 2 60 74±174 72 )pg/mL]显著高于Duke’sA、B期患者[( 115 63± 69 10 )pg/mL] ,P =0 0 0 1;结直肠肿瘤≥ 5cm的患者血清VEGF水平 [( 2 44 74±171 18)pg/mL]明显高于肿瘤 <5cm的患者[( 12 4 92± 92 62 )pg/mL] ,P =0 0 0 4。血清VEGF水平与患者性别、年龄和组织病理学类型无明显关系。结论 :血清VEGF有可能成为一个新的肿瘤标志物而用于结直肠癌诊断、病情进展的动态监测及预后判断的     

化疗后24小时与血液学毒性增至Ⅱ度以上时皮下注射rhG-CSF的疗效对比

目的　分析基因重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子 (rhG -CSF)在化疗后 2 4h与血液学毒性降至Ⅱ度以下时开始给药的临床疗效。方法　采用随机分组法 ,将 160例患者随机分成A组和B组。A组 :化疗后 2 4h即刻皮下注射rhG -CSF、连续 3天 ;B组 :血液学毒性增至Ⅱ度以上时皮下注射rhG -CSF连续 3天。结果　A组与B组比较 ,A组白细胞 (WBC)及中性粒细胞 (ANC)下降程度低 ,持续时间短 ,化疗延迟率较低 ,化疗延迟时间较短 ,2组不良反应相比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　化疗 2 4h后给药可减轻化疗所致WBC及ANC下降的程度及缩短其持续时间 ,保证下 1次化疗的顺利进行     

恶性上腔静脉综合征的坐位急诊放射治疗

目的回顾性分析不能常规卧位放疗的恶性上腔静脉综合征坐位急诊放疗的疗效。方法12例患者先坐位急诊放疗6MV—X DF300CGY／次／天；总剂量DT3000CGY／10次／2周。待症状明显缓解已基本能平卧后再改用常规卧位放疗补量DT3000—4000CGY／15—20次／3—4周。结果2周内总缓解率92％(11／12)，整个放疗计划完成后总有效率100％(12／12)。结论病情较重、病期较晚无法耐受化疗和常规卧位放疗的患者先坐位急诊放疗待症状部分缓解后再改常规卧位放疗能迅速改善症状，提高生活质量，为下一步治疗创造有利条件。     

线性二次模型的演变和发展

细胞中的DNA是辐射敏感的靶，击中DNA双链是导致细胞死亡的主要原因。但不同组织的细胞对射线的敏感性存在差异。为了更好的解析这种差异，线性二次模型（LQ模型）被提了出来，它用α／β来反映正常组织修复损伤的能力，较好的解释了肿瘤组织与正常组织反应的差别，为我们预测放射治疗中生物效应和预后提供了依据。但一直以来由于LQ模型涉及的知识范围较广，彻底掌握并熟练应用的难度较大，为此本文从LQ模型的提出，引入时间因子、修复因子等方面简述LQ模型发展和演变的基本过程，探讨LQ模型的局限和应用条件，以期对大家掌握应用该模型能有所帮助。     

瓦里安2100C直线加速器GFIL联锁故障的检修

本文主要介绍瓦里安2100C直线加速器GFIL联锁故障的维修过程。     

Predictive role of the overexpression for CXCR4, C-Met,and VEGF-C among breast cancer patients: A meta-analysis

BackgroundThe overexpression of CXCR4, C-Met and VEGF-C present widely in breast tumors, they may be markers of resistance to treatment. However, the studies are still controversial. Thus, this meta-analysis aims to research the relationship between the overexpression of CXCR4, C-Met, VEGF-C and clinical prognosis among breast cancer patients.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for eligible literature. The outcomes of interest were progression-free survival (PFS), relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). All tests of statistical significance were two sided.ResultsA total of 7830 patients from 28 eligible studies were assessed. The overexpression of the CXCR4 and C-Met both implied significantly worse PFS compared with normal expression [HR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.34–4.91, P = 0.005; and HR = 1.63 95% CI = 1.20–2.22, P = 0.002]. Meanwhile, if patients had high expression of CXCR4, they would have worse OS [HR = 2.56 95% CI = 1.52–4.31, P = 0.000]. However, the overexpression of C-Met did not relate to OS for breast cancer patients [HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.69–1.95, P = 0.570]. Meanwhile, no statistically significant different was observed with respect to PFS and OS between VEGF-C overexpression and normal expression [HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.64–1.52, P = 0.968; and HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.43–1.33, P = 0.333].ConclusionsOur meta-analysis showed that CXCR4 and C-Met were efficient prognostic factors for breast cancer. Nevertheless, highly expressing VEGF-C was not related to progression-free survival and overall survival. Due to the small samples and insufficient date, further studies should be conducted to clarify the association between the overexpression of CXCR4 or C-Met or VEGF-C and the prognosis about breast cancer patients.