Prognostic validity of the American joint committee on cancer eighth edition staging system for well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

BackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) made improvements for staging pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) in its 8th Edition; however, multicenter studies were not included.MethodsWe collected multicenter datasets (n = 1,086, between 2004 and 2018) to validate the value of AJCC 8 and other coexisting staging systems through univariate and multivariate analysis for well-differentiated (G1/G2) pNETs.ResultsCompared to other coexisting staging systems, AJCC 7 only included 12 (1.1%) patients with stage III tumors. Patients with European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage IIIA (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.376 vs. 4.322). For the modified ENETS staging system, patients with stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage III (HR: 6.078 vs. 5.341). According to AJCC 8, the proportions of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV were 25.7%, 40.3%, 23.6%, and 10.4%, respectively. As the stage advanced, the median survival time decreased (NA, 144.7, 100.8, 72.0 months, respectively), and the risk of death increased (HR: II = 3.145, III = 5.925, and IV = 8.762).ConclusionThese findings suggest that AJCC 8 had a more reasonable proportional distribution and the risk of death was better correlated with disease stage.     

Replantation and Lengthening of a Lower Leg in a 7-Year-Old Child: A Case Report

Replantation of the lower leg has controversial indications, but it may be considered in carefully selected patients. Although the function of prosthetic lower legs has been improved in recent decades, leg salvage remains a laudable goal. We present the case of a 7-year-old child who sustained a traumatic amputation at the level of the middle tibia with loss of the middle portion of the lower leg. We performed successful replantation, and tibia lengthening was performed starting 10 days after replantation and lasted 6 months.     

Trajectory of adherence to home rehabilitation among older adults with hip fractures and cognitive impairment

This study aimed to identify different trajectories of adherence to home rehabilitation for older adults with hip fracture and cognitive impairment, to examine associations between different adherence trajectories and postoperative recovery outcomes, and to explore the predictors of adherence trajectories. Group-based trajectory modeling showed two adherence trajectories: low (39.06%) and high (60.94%) adherence. The high adherence group had better activities of daily living (β=11.77, p<.001), instrumental activities of daily living (β=0.56, p<.01), femoral muscular strength (β=3.35, p<.01) on the fractured side and quality of life (β=-0.81, p=.02) than the low adherence group. Participants who established exercise habits (OR=6.49, p<.01) and consulted a physical therapist (OR=4.29, p=.03) during hospitalization were more likely to be in the high adherence group.     

胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损19例

目的探讨胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法回顾性研究2018年4月至2019年6月采用胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损19例的资料,其中男11例,女8例;年龄为21~75岁,平均39岁。根据前踝上穿支皮瓣解剖学基础,按照足踝部软组织缺损大小和形状,在小腿下端前外侧设计并切取皮瓣转位修复创面。切取胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣面积为6.0 cm×5.0 cm^14.0 cm×8.0 cm,均为带蒂皮瓣转位。根据皮瓣成活、感染控制、弹性色泽、外观形态、供区瘢痕、皮肤感觉、患者认可等情况,对患者足踝部软组织缺损的修复情况进行综合评价。结果本组19例皮瓣全部成活,软组织缺损、肌腱、骨质及钢板外露均得以修复。供区均I期愈合。术后门诊随访2~16个月,皮瓣血运良好,颜色接近周围正常皮肤,臃肿不明显,患者对外观表示满意;供区皮片愈合良好,无明显增生、挛缩及溃疡,踝关节功能良好。结论胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣是修复足踝部软组织缺损较为理想的方法之一,手术操作简便,穿支较恒定,血供可靠,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

MR T1WI纹状体高信号表现分析

目的探讨纹状体MRT1WI高信号病变的影像表现，并结合文献讨论其发生机制及病理改变。资料与方法回顾性分析32例纹状体MRT1WI高信号病变的影像表现，包括亚临床性肝性脑病，钙化、脑梗死及CO中毒性脑病。结果亚临床性肝性脑病患者表现为多个部位的T1WI高信号，主要累及部位有苍白球，壳核，中脑红核周围，T2WI及CT上未见异常，T2WI梯度回波上呈明显或较低信号；钙化表现为纹状体对称的T1WI高信号，其信号强度不均匀，T2WI上表现为稍低、等或高信号，CT表现为高密度；脑梗死后病变表现为纹状体点片状T1WI高信号，T2WI上可见比，T1WI上范围大的高信号；CO中毒性脑病表现为双侧纹状体对称性T1WI高信号，其信号强度不均匀，主要累及苍白球，T2WI上其周围深部白质可见大片状高信号。结论纹状体T12I高信号主要与金属顺磁性物质（锰、钙、铁等）的沉积有关。结合临床表现及实验室检查可以做出正确地诊断与鉴别诊断。     

抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对人白血病细胞系HL-60细胞增殖及分化的影响

目的 探讨抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对HL-60细胞增殖及分化的影响，寻找急性髓系白血病(AML)治疗的新靶点。方法 以AML细胞株HL-60为模型，通过观察细胞生长、形态学、表面分化抗原、细胞周期和细胞因子表达，以及应用硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)还原实验来研究抗CD44单克隆抗体A3D8对细胞增殖及分化的影响。结果 HL-60细胞高表达CD44；A3D8以浓度和时间依赖性方式抑制HL-60细胞生长。A3D8使HL-60细胞周期阻滞在G0／G1期，CD11b、CD14表面抗原阳性率明显增高，细胞体积增大，核／浆比例减小，核染色质聚集，NBT还原实验阴性，细胞表达粒细胞集落刺激因子mRNA，呈现向单核细胞系方向分化。结论 A3D8可抑制HL-60细胞增殖，并诱导其向单核系细胞分化，CD44有可能成为AML治疗的新途径。     

基质金属蛋白酶在多发性硬化发病中的作用机制及治疗现状

多发性硬化（MS）是中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病，基质金属蛋白酶是一组蛋白水解酶，有重要的病理和生理作用，近年的研究表明它在（MS）的发生和疾病进展中都具有重要作用，参与主要的发病过程，具有多种发病机制，抑制其活性具有有效的治疗意义。     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对冠状动脉旁路移植术后心肌损伤的影响

探讨患者术前中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）对非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCABG）后心肌损伤以及临床预后的影响。方法 选取2014年1月—2019年12月我院收治的314名行OPCABG的患者,依据患者术前NLR的三分位数分为高比值组（NLR＞2.8,n=102）、中比值组（2.8≥NLR≥1.6,n=106）以及低比值组（NLR＜1.6,n=106）。分别检测患者术前基线、术后8 h及术后24 h肌酸激酶同工酶（CKMB）及肌钙蛋白（CTnI）水平。结果 高比值组患者术后心肌损伤发生率显著高于中比值组及低比值组（P＜0.05）。高比值组术后CKMB峰值显著高于中比值组［2.1(1.2～13.0) ng/mL vs2.0(1.0～7.3) ng/mL, P=0.047］及低比值组［2.1(1.2～13.0) ng/mL vs1.1(0.9～1.6) ng/mL, P＜0.001］。且高比值组患者术后CTnI峰值同样显著高于中比值组［0.075(0.010～0.185) ng/mL vs 0.020(0.000～0.103) ng/mL, P=0.011］,以及低比值组［0.075(0.010～0.185) ng/mL vs0.010(0.000～0.030) ng/mL, P＜0.001］。术前NLR较高是术后患者CTnI升高的独立危险因素（OR：2.809; 95%CI:1.326～5.954; P=0.007）。高比值组患者1年不良心血管事件发生率显著高于中比值组及低比值组（HR：1.80; 95%CI:1.16～2.79; Log Rank P=0.021）。结论 患者术前中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值升高是非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术后心肌损伤的独立危险因素,而且会增加患者不良心血管事件