防治果糖二磷酸钠致痛的效果比较

目的研究利百素凝胶对防治果糖二磷酸钠（FDP）致痛的效果.方法将36例静脉滴注FDP的患者随机分成盐水组、湿敷组、利百素组3组,每组各12例,每例均输注FDP 100 ml,20 min内输完,1次/天,每组共84例次.盐水组用生理盐水50 ml于输注FDP前、后输入.湿敷组用1：1的75%酒精与2%的利多卡因混合液,湿敷于穿刺点上方.利百素组在静脉穿刺前15～30min、输注FDP前、后,共3次在穿刺局部及沿静脉血管走向外涂一薄层利百素,观察记录疼痛情况.结果盐水组与湿敷组、盐水组与利百素组疼痛发生率差异有极显著意义（P＜0.01）.湿敷组与利百素组疼痛发生率差异有显著意义（P＜0.05）.结论利百素凝胶对防治FDP致痛效果显著、安全.     

Association of IL33/ST2 Signal Pathway Gene Polymorphisms with Myocardial Infarction in a Chinese Han Population

This study investigated the relationship between IL-33/ST2 signal pathway gene polymorphisms and myocardial infarction(MI) in Han Chinese. A case-control association analysis was performed on a total of 490 MI patients(MI group) and 929 normal subjects(NC group). Sequenom Mass Array and Taqman genotyping technique were used to analyze the tag single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the genes encoding IL-33, ST2, and IL-1Ra P(rs11792633, rs1041973 and rs4624606). The results showed that the frequencies of rs4624606 genotypes AA, TT, AT were 0.031, 0.647, 0.322 in MI group and 0.026, 0.712, 0.263 in NC group, and the allele frequencies of A and T were 0.192, 0.808 in MI group and 0.157, 0.843 in NC group. There were significant differences in rs4624606 genotypes and allele frequencies between MI group and NC group(P<0.05). For rs11792633, the allele frequencies of C and T were 0.45, 0.55 in MI group and 0.454, 0.546 in NC group with no significant differences found between the two groups. Compared with genotype CC+TC, rs11792633 genotype TT had an increased risk of hypertension(P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of rs11792633 genotypes between the two groups. No significant differences were noted in the frequencies of rs1041973 genotype and allele between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that rs4624606 genotypes AT and AA+AT were both significantly associated with MI(AT: OR=1.325, P=0.029, 95% CI=1.03–1.705; AA+AT: OR=1.316, P=0.028, 95% CI=1.03–1.681) after factors such as age, gender, smoking, drinking, body mass index(BMI), triglyceride(TG) and cholesterol were adjusted. Those carrying rs4624606 genotype AT or AA+AT had an increased risk of MI. No associations were found between the polymorphisms of the other two loci with MI. It was concluded that, in the IL33/ST2 signal pathway, the A allele of rs4624606 polymorphism of IL-1Ra P gene is a potential independent risk factor for MI, and the genotypes AA+AT and AT are associated with the incidence of MI.     

Salidroside ameliorates insulin resistance through activation of a mitochondria-associated AMPK/PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway

Background and Purpose

Recent reports have suggested that salidroside could protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative injury and stimulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of salidroside on diabetic mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Experimental Approach

The therapeutic effects of salidroside on type 2 diabetes were investigated. Increasing doses of salidroside (25, 50 and 100 mg·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹) were administered p.o. to db/db mice for 8 weeks. Biochemical analysis and histopathological examinations were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of salidroside. Primary cultured mouse hepatocytes were used to further explore the underlying mechanisms in vitro.

Key Results

Salidroside dramatically reduced blood glucose and serum insulin levels and alleviated insulin resistance. Hypolipidaemic effects and amelioration of liver steatosis were observed after salidroside administration. In vitro, salidroside dose-dependently induced an increase in the phosphorylations of AMPK and PI3K/Akt, as well as glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in hepatocytes. Furthermore, salidroside-stimulated AMPK activation was found to suppress the expression of PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase. Salidroside-induced AMPK activation also resulted in phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase, which can reduce lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues. In isolated mitochondria, salidroside inhibited respiratory chain complex I and disturbed oxidation/phosphorylation coupling and moderately depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in a transient increase in the AMP/ATP ratio.

Conclusions and Implications

Salidroside exerts an antidiabetic effect by improving the cellular metabolic flux through the activation of a mitochondria-related AMPK/PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway     

急性肌肉拉伤的MRI应用进展

急性肌肉拉伤是一种急性间接肌肉损伤,常见于日常生活和运动中。仅根据临床症状和体格检查难以准确诊断。常规MRI软组织分辨率高,是急性肌肉拉伤诊断和预后评估的重要手段。近年发展的肌肉MR弹性成像、T2弛豫时间图、磁共振扩散加权成像、扩散张量成像和磁共振波谱具有从微观结构、病理和生理层面为急性肌肉拉伤的诊断提供定量、客观依据的潜力。作者对应用于急性肌肉拉伤的各项MRI技术进行综述。     

COPD患者血清肺表面活性物质蛋白D与炎性标记物的相关性

目的探讨肺表面活性物质蛋白D(SP-D)在AECOPD中的临床意义及与降钙素原(PCT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)的相关性。方法选取AECOPD患者40例为实验组,30例健康人为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定治疗前、治疗第15天及健康人血清SP-D、PCT及CRP水平。结果 AECOPD组治疗前、治疗后血清SP-D、PCT、CRP水平均显著高于正常对照组,且治疗后SP-D、PCT及CRP水平均低于治疗前;AECOPD治疗前血清SP-D与PCT水平呈正相关(r=0.418);SP-D与CRP无相关性。结论 (1)SP-D可能是反映COPD急性加重的一个指标。(2)AECOPD治疗前血清SP-D水平与PCT水平呈正相关,与CRP无相关性。     

人参皂苷Rg3立体异构体差异抑制糖尿病调控基因蛋白-PXR机制的分子动力学研究

目的：为进一步了解Rg3对映体的立体化学选择性,对PXR配体结合结构域（PXR ligand-binding domain,PXR-LBD）中20（R/S）-Rg3的结合模式进行建模。方法：使用计算对接,分子动力学（molecular dynamics,MD）和基本动力学分析（essential dynamics analysis,EDA）等技术手段进行建模。结果：PXR中20（S）-Rg3的MM / PB-SA估计结合能大于20（R）-Rg3。两种配合物的RMSFs表明,20（S）-Rg3结合的LBD的迁移率比20（R）型对映体的迁移率降低得多。EDA预测和两个复合物的叠加三维结构都表明20（S）-Rg3在PXR中的结合比20（R）-Rg3更可能与生物学结果一致。结论：以上结果表明,基于目前的模拟结果,PXR中20（S）-Rg3的结合模式比20（R）-Rg3更有可能与生物实验结果吻合。