侧链前体3,3-二甲基丙烯酸对梅岭霉素生物合成的影响

研究梅岭霉素发酵过程中添加其主要组分MB1所拥有的侧链前体-3，3-二甲基丙烯酸，使MB1效价及其在总组分中的比例得到大幅度提高，达到提高产量并控制组分的目的。本文还对侧链前体的添加方式、添加时间以及添加浓度进行了优化。结果显示，0h时添加6mmol／L的侧链前体其产量最高，MB1效价比对照高出43％，其在总组分中的比例达到了52.7％。     

党参皂苷L1抗缺氧缺糖再给氧诱导大鼠皮质神经细胞凋亡的作用

目的:以原代培养的胚胎大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞进行缺氧缺糖再给氧处理,观察党参皂苷L1对神经细胞凋亡的抑制作用.方法:胚胎大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞原代培养,含连二亚硫酸钠的无糖Earles液进行缺氧/缺糖处理造模,MTT法测定细胞存活率,Hoechst 33342和PI原位双染法荧光显微镜观察细胞形态学变化和坏死、凋亡细胞百分率,APO-BRDU法流式细胞术检测凋亡细胞百分率,Fluo-3法流式细胞术检测细胞内Ca2 浓度,评价药效.结果:(1)细胞存活率(%):与模型组(29.89±6.28)比较党参皂苷L1 1.0mg/L组(46.05±8.92)、0.1mg/L组(46.83±6.76)、0.01mg/L组(41.05±9.18)均能显著提高细胞存活率(P<0.01和P<0.05);(2)细胞坏死率(%):与模型组(44.99±12.81)比较,党参皂苷L1 1.0mg/L组(19.45±2.31)、0.1mg/L组(18.78±4.95)和0.01mg/L组(22.37±4.44)能显著降低细胞坏死率(P<0.001);(3)原位双染法细胞凋亡率(%):与模型组(17.44±4.82)比较,党参皂苷L1 1.0mg/L组(8.75±1.88)、0.1mg/L组(9.73±1.76)能显著降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.01和P<0.05);(4)流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率(%):与模型组(8.55±3.84)比较,党参皂苷L1 1.0mg/L组(4.21±2.31)、0.1mg/L组(3.83±2.95)能显著降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.05);(5)细胞内Ca2 平均荧光值,与模型组(47.37±9.68)比较,党参皂苷L1 1.0mg/L组(28.67±11.12)、0.1mg/L组(27.34±8.57)能显著降低细胞内Ca2 平均荧光值(P<0.05),表明党参皂苷L1能明显降低细胞内Ca2 浓度.结论:党参皂苷L1对缺血再灌注损伤后神经细胞的坏死和凋亡过程均具有抑制作用,这种作用可能与其能降低细胞内Ca2 浓度有关,提示党参皂苷L1是党参治疗脑卒中急性期的主要效应成分.     

The effects of ropivacaine on sodium currents in dorsal horn neurons of neonatal rats

We used a whole cell patch clamp technique to study the effects of ropivacaine on rat dorsal horn neurons. Under voltage clamp, ropivacaine (10-400 microM) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of sodium current. From a holding potential (V(h)) of -80 mV, sodium currents evoked by test pulses to 0 mV were inhibited by ropivacaine with a mean drug concentration required to produce 50% current inhibition (IC(50)) value of 117.3 microM, which was more than the value of the bupivacaine (IC(50) 53.7 microM). The inhibition effect of ropivacaine was also voltage-dependent. Current evoked from a V(h) of -60 mV was inhibited by ropivacaine with a mean IC(50) value of 74.3 microM, which was less than that obtained at the V(h) of -80 mV. The inhibition effect of ropivacaine on sodium current was use dependent. Repeated activation by a train of depolarizing pulses (5 Hz, 20 ms) increased the inhibitory effects of ropivacaine. The ratio amplitudes of the 20th to the first pulse were 91.2% and 71.1%, respectively, in the absence and presence of ropivacaine (50 microM). Ropivacaine also produced a significant hyperpolarizing shift of 11 mV in the steady-state inactivation curve of sodium current. The inhibition of ropivacaine on the sodium channel may contribute to the mechanism of action of local anesthetics during epidural and spinal anesthesia.     

计算机辅助鼻额区域影像解剖学研究

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of Advantage Windows 3.1 (AW 3.1) software for anatomical study of nasofrontal region, and to study the CT characteristics of nasofrontal region which related to the frontal sinus surgery. METHODS: Eighty patients underwent axial consecutive computed tomography scans and these data were studied with AW 3.1 software which provided reconstructional imaging of continuous coronal, sagittal, axial sections. Some related structures of nasofrontal region were studied and measured. RESULTS: AW 3.1 software could identify and measure the following structures accurately: The diameter of frontal sinus was (22.5 +/- 8.6) mm in height, (16.3 +/- 6.8) mm in depth, (23.8 +/- 9.8) mm in breadth. The diameter of frontal sinus ostium: the anterior-posterior diameter was (7.3 +/- 1.7) mm, the transverse diameter was (8.5 +/- 1.9) mm. The width of nasal beak of frontal bone(5.9 +/- 1.4 ) mm. The distance of frontal sinus ostium to the floor of columella nasi and the corresponding angle to the nasal floor were (60.8 +/- 4.2) mm and (70.1 +/- 4.7) degrees. The superior attachment sites of the uncinate process were as follows: lamina papyracea 41%, posteromedial wall of agger nasi cell 11%, middle turbinate 19%, anterior skull base 16%, superior bifurcation 13%. The cells could impinge on the frontal recess to cause obstruction (terminal recess 38.8%, anterior ethmoid cell 27.6%, agger nasi cells 24.5%). The accessory cells could impinge on the frontal sinus (perifrontal cells 32.7%, superaorbital cells 38.8%, intersinus septal cells 32.0%). There was significant difference between two groups of characteristics of nasofrontal region. CONCLUSIONS: AW 3.1 software is a helpful and powerful new tool for anatomical study of nasofrontal region and for preoperative evaluation. The structures of nasofrontal region are complex and various, frontal sinusitis almost always results from the obstruction of frontal sinus outflow tract. These results of anatomical study of nasofrontal region are helpful in directing the functional endoscopic surgery in frontal sinus.     

波利特治疗胃食管返流病40例临床疗效观察

目的　观察波利特 (雷贝拉唑 )治疗胃食管返流病 (GERD)的临床疗效。　方法　随机将 80例 GERD患者分为两组 ,治疗组 4 0例 ,给予波利特 10 mg,口服 ,每日 1次 ;对照组 4 0例 ,给予奥美拉唑 2 0 mg,口服 ,每日 1次 ;疗程 8周。记录服药前后病人烧心、反酸、胸骨后灼痛等症状积分的改变 ,按症状积分下降值及内镜检查结果对比分析疗效。结果　治疗组的 GERD患者服药后 1d、 3d、 7d、 14 d、 2 8d症状积分下降值分别为 13.9± 6 .4、 10 .8± 6 .6、 9.7± 5 .7、 6 .3± 5 .7、 5 .4± 4 .9;而对照组分别为 14 .4± 5 .3、 14 .1± 5 .7、 13.9± 5 .2、 13.6± 5 .9、 7.8± 5 .1;两者的差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。治疗组和对照组的食管黏膜损害愈合率分别为 72 .5 %和 6 2 .5 % ,有效率为 97.5 %和 92 .5 % ,差异均无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　波利特是一种治疗胃食管返流病速效且安全的质子泵抑制剂(PPI)。     

心肺复苏器在心跳骤停抢救中的应用（附42例报告）

目的：探讨影响心肺复苏(CPR)效果的因素，以提高心肺复苏成功率。方法：应用“萨勃”心肺复苏器代替手动武心肺复苏抢救心跳骤停患者1028例。其中42例病因可逆、心跳骤停≤30分钟，从心肺复苏胸外心脏按压时间、胸骨下陷距离、压力方向、节律和按压力量、床垫下陷、病人身材、人工通气等多方面因素与手动武心肺复苏比较。结果：“萨勃”CPR明显优于手动武CPR。结论：“萨勃”CPR克服了手动CPR中因为医护人员或病人影响复苏效果因素，使CPR更趋标准有效，显著提高心肺复苏成功率，值得临床推广应用。     

抑制聚ADP核糖聚合酶1活性的短发夹RNA载体构建

目的构建抑制人聚ADP核糖聚合酶1(hPARP1)活性的短发夹RNA(shorthairpinRNA,shRNA)表达载体。方法化学合成2对编码短发夹RNA序列的、靶向hPARP1基因的寡核苷酸,各69对碱基,退火,然后利用BamHⅡ及EcoRⅠ与pSIRENRetroQ载体连接。用EcoRⅠ及BglⅡ切取其中U6启动子及下游的shRNA部分,与pEGFPC1载体重组构建pEGFPC1shRNA载体。结果重组构建的pEGFPC1P1、pEGFPC1P2、pEGFPC1N载体经双酶切电泳分析及插入基因片段序列分析,结果表明330个碱基成功插入到预计位点。结论载体的成功构建,为进一步研究聚ADP核糖聚合酶在DNA修复过程中的功能打下基础。     

吉林省珲春地区蜱中伯氏疏螺旋体与斑点热群立克次体复合感染研究

目的了解吉林省珲春地区伯氏疏螺旋体与斑点热群立克次体的复合感染情况.方法运用PCR方法对吉林省珲春地区采集的蜱标本,进行伯氏疏螺旋体5S～23S rRNA间隔区基因与斑点热群立克次体外膜蛋白A（ompA）基因的检测.测序并用PHYLIP软件进行序列分析.结果全沟硬蜱中伯氏疏螺旋体感染率为36.0%,在全沟硬蜱中检测到了斑点热群立克次体的感染,其感染率为2 0%.二者的复合感染率为2.0%;森林革蜱中伯氏疏螺旋体感染率30.9%,斑点热群立克次体感染率29.1%,二者的复合感染率16.8%.伯氏疏螺旋体的序列分析显示吉林地区的伯氏疏螺旋体都属于B.garinii基因型,同源性较高.对斑点热阳性片段序列分析表明新测序列与斯洛伐克新发现的IRS3株和IRS4株核苷酸序列同源性为97%.结论吉林省珲春地区全沟硬蜱及森林革蜱中检测到伯氏疏螺旋体与斑点热群立克次体的感染,并检测到2种病原体的复合感染情况.     

多重实时PCR快速同时检测沙门菌和志贺菌

目的 建立改良分子信标，多重实时PCR同时检测沙门菌和志贺菌的快速方法，应用于食源性致病菌的快速诊断。方法 根据GenBank公布的沙门菌侵袭性基因invA和ssaR基因，分别设计一对引物和改良分子信标探针，用同色荧光标记，用于同体系检测沙门菌。志贺菌根据ipaH基因的保守序列，设计引物和改良分子信标探针，加入沙门菌检测体系中，建立三重实时PCR一改良分子信标检测体系，应用于同时对沙门菌、志贺菌食物中毒的快速诊断和门诊肠道致病菌的检测。结果 改良分子信标一多重实时PCR反应体系DNA灵敏度为69～93fg/μl。菌液灵敏度为32～64CFU／ml或1～2CFu／PCR反应体系，无交叉反应。该反应体系同时检测134株沙门菌和67株志贺菌，均出现特异的荧光信号，两种细菌检测互不干扰。对细菌性食物中毒样本等共1100份同时进行沙门菌和志贺菌检测，569份沙门菌实时PCR阳性，其中551份沙门菌培养阳性；42份志贺菌实时PCR阳性，其中41份志贺菌培养阳性。从样品处理到检测结果仅需时间2h至1d。结论 改良分子信标-多重实时PCR检测体系快速、灵敏度高，特异性强，可用于沙门菌和志贺菌食物中毒的快速诊断，伤寒、痢疾等肠道传染病的初筛及预防医学门诊的健康人群体检，为食源性疾病的分子流行病学调查提供新的检测手段。