嘉兴市新居民儿童心理发育行为问题及影响因素分析

目的调查嘉兴市新居民儿童心理发育行为问题及影响因素，为改善新居民儿童心理健康提供理论依据。方法随机抽取新居民儿童548例，本地儿童1248例，采用自编量表评估儿童家庭影响因素，长处与困难问卷评估儿童心理发育行为问题，心理痛苦温度计评估主观心理痛苦程度，儿童心理虐待与忽视量表评估家庭教养方式，社会支持量表评估社会支持程度。结果新居民儿童主观评定心理痛苦程度高于本地儿童（P=0.002）。新居民儿童亲社会化行为低于本地儿童（P=0.000），多动/注意缺陷问题高于本地儿童（P=0.011）。儿童忽视虐待量表本地儿童5个因子得分低于新居民儿童：责骂因子（P=0.000）、恐吓因子（P=0.000）、情感忽视因子（P=0.000）、教育忽视因子（P=0.000）、身体忽视因子（P=0.000）。社会支持量表本地儿童3个因子得分均高于新居民儿童：客观支持（P=0.032）、主观支持（P=0.000）、对支持的利用度（P=0.000）。新居民儿童在新居民儿童学校、混合学校、本地儿童学校的3类学校中亲社会化行为、忽视因子、虐待因子、社会支持均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）。结论新居民儿童较本地儿童心理发育行为明显落后，良好的家庭教养方式和有效的社会支持系统能够更快更好地促进其身心发育。     

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Stomach Cancer among Male Adults: A Case-Control Study in Northern Viet Nam

Objective: This study investigated the association between fruit and vegetable intake and stomach cancer, with considering the impacts of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and tobacco smoking. Methods: A case-control study featuring 80 male incident stomach-cancer cases and 126 male controls was conducted in a general hospital in Viet Nam. A semi-quantitative food frequency and demographic lifestyle questionnaire were used; and venous blood samples were collected to determine H. pylori status by IgG ELISA. The respective associations between fruit and vegetable intake and stomach cancer were examined using unconditional logistic regression analysis with adjustments for possible cofactors. Results: Fruit intake and stomach cancer showed a weak inverse association when this became non-significant after adjusting for H. pylori infection (OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.22–1.12, p trend = 0.094). Stratifying by H. pylori status returned a negative trend for fruit intake and stomach cancer among H. pylori-negative participants (OR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.06–0.69, p trend = 0.010), but no significant interaction for H. pylori-positive participants (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.21–2.68, p trend = 0.670). Vegetable intake and stomach cancer showed no association, regardless of H. pylori status. Compared to ever-smokers with low intake, never-smokers with high vegetable (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06–0.95) and fruit intake (OR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06–0.65) showed the lowest odds of stomach cancer. Conclusions: Fruit, but not vegetable, intake showed a weak inverse association with stomach cancer. H. pylori infection and tobacco-smoking status may influence the protective effects of fruit and vegetable intake on stomach cancer.     

八段锦对视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病恢复情况的研究

[目的]评估规律性八段锦运动对视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者残疾状态及日常生活能力恢复情况的影响。[方法]选取视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者58例,随机分成试验组和对照组,每组29例,分别给予常规药物治疗+基础训练+八段锦干预、常规药物治疗+基础训练,疗程12周。比较两组扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分、Barthel指数、Ashworth评分和疲劳严重度量表(FSS)评分的变化情况。[结果]试验组中,患者的EDSS评分、Barthel指数、Ashworth评分和FSS评分较干预前明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,EDSS评分和Barthel指数改善具有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组中,患者Barthel指数、Ashworth评分和FSS评分较干预前明显改善(P0.05)。两组这4项指标的改善程度比较中,与对照组比较,试验组在EDSS评分、Barthel指数、Ashworth评分和FSS评分的改善程度更明显(P0.05)。[结论]规律的八段锦干预能明显改善视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者残疾状态、日常生活能力、肢体痉挛程度和疲劳状态,适合临床推广应用。     

多指标综合加权评分法优选复方夏枯草洗剂提取工艺研究

[目的] 优选复方夏枯草洗剂的提取工艺。[方法] 采用L₉（3⁴）正交设计，以迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B的含量及出膏率的综合评分为指标，考察料液比、提取时间、提取次数对提取效果的影响，优选复方夏枯草洗剂的最佳提取工艺。[结果] 根据综合评分的结果，优选出最佳提取工艺为加8倍水，提取3次，每次0.5 h。[结论] 该工艺准确可靠，可行性好。     

基于《温疫论》理论探讨新冠肺炎的辨证施治方法

2019年12月我国武汉爆发新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎),具有较强的传染性和流行性,属于中医学"瘟疫"范畴,严重威胁人类的生命健康。面对这一突发的公共卫生事件,该文基于《温疫论》理论,从临床实际出发,对新冠肺炎的发病特点、传变以及辨证论治进行了解析。根据此次疫情的特点,新冠肺炎的病因为感受"戾气",病机为疫毒遏湿,其传变遵循《温疫论》"表里九传"规律,可分为顺传与逆传,病程具有一定的规律性与阶段性。初期邪伏膜原、疫毒遏湿,应开达膜原、祛湿化浊、宣透疏利;中期病邪可顺传于表,此时应当使用辛凉解表之剂,通过战汗透邪,使邪随汗出,若湿毒入里化热,致肺络受损,腑气不通,里实热结,当通腑泻热,攻下逐邪,给邪以出路;若失治、误治、病邪太过,可致病邪内陷心包,造成神昏谵语、躁扰不宁、四肢厥逆、脉微欲绝等内闭外脱的危重表现,治疗上注意攻补兼施,开闭固脱;恢复期,由于余邪未尽,且热病易伤阴耗气,治疗上不仅要预防余邪反复,更要滋阴补血,恢复正气。在疾病治疗过程中,吴又可提出"祛邪为第一要义、忌妄汗下法、顾护脾胃"三大法则。《温疫论》对"瘟疫"的病因病机、传变和辨证施治有着系统的认识,为后代战胜历次瘟疫提供了宝贵经验,这对于此次新冠肺炎的防治同样具有重要的指导意义。     

从新型冠状病毒肺炎的寒疫病机探析清肺排毒汤的组方机制

在《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第六版)》中推荐的清肺排毒汤,临床观察疗效显著。笔者拟探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的寒疫病机以及清肺排毒汤的方药组成机制,认为该方能疏解表里、通调三焦,具有宣肺行气、透邪解毒、润燥化湿、逐水泻热的功效,切合COVID-19寒、燥、湿的病机特点,且能有效的针对症状进行治疗,应推广全国各地广泛使用以遏制疫情蔓延。     

A genome wide association study identifies new genes potentially associated with eyelid sagging

Sagging eyelid is considered as an outward of skin ageing and may cause medical issues. However, little is known about the factors involved in sagging eyelid. The study, which aims at determining genetic risk factors for eyelid sagging, was conducted in a cohort of 502 unrelated Caucasian women living in the Paris region. All included participants were aged between 44 and 70 years old (mean age, 57.6 years old). The severity of sagging eyelid was graded in 6 categories by a dermatologist using standardized photographs of the face. A genome wide association study adjusted on potential risk factors (including age and smoking habits) was conducted to identify genetic associations. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in total linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 10, rs16927253 (P = 7.07 × 10^‐10) and rs4746957 (P = 1.06 × 10^‐8), were significantly associated with eyelid sagging severity. The rs16927253‐T and rs4746957‐A alleles showed a dominant protective effect towards eyelid sagging. These polymorphisms are located in intronic parts of the H2AFY2 gene which encodes a member of the H2A histone family and very close to the AIFM2 gene that induces apoptosis. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms with a false discovery rate below 0.25 were located nearby the type XIII collagen COL13A1 gene on chromosome 10 and in the ADAMTS18 gene on chromosome 16. Several relevant genes were identified by the genome wide association study for their potential role in the sagging eyelid severity.     

当归四逆汤辅助治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的效果及其机制研究

目的探索当归四逆汤辅助治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)的疗效及其作用机制。方法选取2017年3月—2018年3月陕西中医药大学附属医院治疗的冠心病心绞痛患者60例,将患者随机分为对照组和实验组,每组30例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,实验组除了进行常规西药治疗外,同时给予当归四逆汤进行辅助治疗4周。比较2组的临床疗效,治疗前后动态心电图缺血性ST—T改变时间、血脂水平以及心脏功能指标的差异。结果实验组患者的心绞痛症状疗效治疗总有效率为86.7%(26/30),对照组总有效率为70.0%(21/30),实验组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后2组缺血性ST—T改变时间均较治疗前明显缩短(P均<0.05),且治疗后实验组患者的缺血性ST-T改变的时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后2组的总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平相对于本组治疗前明显降低(P均<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平均比本组治疗前明显升高(P均<0.05),且治疗后实验组患者血清中TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显低于对照组(P均<0.05),HDL-C水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后心排血量(CO)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左室射血分数(LVEF)和左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)均较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),且实验组各指标改善情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论当归四逆汤辅助治疗冠心病的疗效良好,其机制可能是通过调节血脂代谢,改善血液循环和心脏功能来实现的。