珠海地区NRXN1和NLGN1基因多态性与儿童孤独症的关联性研究

目的 探索珠海地区NRXN1和NLGN1基因多态性与儿童孤独症易感性的关系,为孤独症的防治提供科学依据。方法 采用病例对照的研究方法,选取2011－2016年就诊于珠海市妇幼保健院的123例珠海地区的孤独症患儿和506例健康对照。采用口腔拭子采集口腔上皮细胞以提取DNA,采用Sequenom Mass Array platform分型技术对NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544进行基因分型。结果 NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544位点基因型分布在孤独症组和健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义;但NLGN1基因上的rs9855544与NRXN1基因上的rs11885824存在基因与基因间的交互作用(预测准确率为0.480,交叉验证一致性为10/10,P=0.040)。结论 NRXN1基因上的rs1045881和rs11885824以及NLGN1上的rs9855544位点基因多态性可能与孤独症易感性没有关联,但NLGN1基因上的rs9855544与NRXN1基因上的rs11885824之间的交互作用可能是孤独症易感性的影响因素。     

地中海贫血孕妇产前诊断的护理效果评价

目的研究地中海贫血孕妇实施产科综合护理模式的护理配合措施及效果。方法选择78例于我院检查地中海贫血孕妇,纳入时间为2017年5月-2018年5月,采用随机数字表法将其分为综合护理组与对照组,每组均39例。其中对照组采用常规护理形式,综合护理组行产科综合护理模式,对比综合护理组与对照组护理前后心理状态评估指标及家属的护理满意度。结果护理前综合护理组与对照组患者心理状态评估指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与对照组(76.92%)相比,护理后综合护理组焦虑指标、抑郁指标更低,综合护理组孕妇及家属的护理满意度(94.87%)较高(P<0.05)。结论通过综合护理模式可提升地中海贫血孕妇护理满意度,并改善其心理状态。     

肾炎1号方联合西药治疗肾病综合征疗效及对患者凝血指标、免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨肾炎1号方联合西药治疗肾病综合征临床疗效及对患者凝血指标、免疫功能的影响。方法:选取肾病综合征患者共52例,分为对照组26例、治疗组26例。两组患者均予以基础治疗,对照组在基础治疗上给予泼尼松片治疗。治疗组在对照组基础上加用肾炎1号方治疗。结果:与对照组治疗后相比,治疗组治疗24 h后Upr、CHOL、TG、Scr、Fg、D-D均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后补体C₃升高明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后治疗组中医证候积分各项均低于对照组,治疗组总有效率88.46%高于对照组的76.92%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:肾炎1号方联合西药治疗肾病综合征临床效果较好,能更有效地控制患者蛋白尿、升高血清白蛋白水平、降低血清胆固醇,并且能调节机体体液免疫紊乱、改善高凝状态。     

What to expect when you're expecting a hepatopancreatobiliary surgeon: self-reported experiences of HPB surgeons from different training pathways

BackgroundHepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery fellowship training has multiple paths. Prospective trainees and employers must understand the differences between training pathways. This study examines self-reported fellowship experiences and current scope of practice across three pathways.MethodsAn online survey was disseminated to 654 surgeons. These included active Americas Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (AHPBA) members and recent graduates of HPB, transplant–HPB and HPB–heavy surgical oncology fellowships.ResultsA total of 416 (64%) surgeons responded. Most respondents were male (89%) and most were practising in an academic setting (83%). 290 (70%) respondents underwent formal fellowship training. Although fellowship experiences varied, current practice was largely similar. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and ultrasound were the most commonly identified areas of training deficiencies and were, respectively, cited as such by 47% and 34% of HPB-, 49% and 50% of transplant-, and 52% and 25% of surgical oncology-trained respondents. Non-HPB cases performed in current practice included gastrointestinal (GI) and general surgery cases (56% and 49%, respectively) for HPB-trained respondents, transplant and general surgery cases (87% and 21%, respectively) for transplant-trained respondents, and GI surgery and non-HPB surgical oncology cases (70% and 28%, respectively) for surgical oncology-trained respondents.ConclusionsFellowship training in HPB surgery varies by training pathway. Training in MIS and ultrasound is deficient in each pathway. The ultimate scope of non-transplant HPB practice appears similar across training pathways. Thus, training pathway choice is best guided by the training experience desired and non-HPB components of anticipated practice.     

硫酸镁、硝苯地平和酚妥拉明治疗妊高症

目的探讨对妊娠高血压综合征患者给予硫酸镁联合硝苯地平以及酚妥拉明治疗的临床效果。方法抽取医院在2018年2月-2019年2月所接收的156例妊娠高血压综合征患者,将其按照数字随机表的方法分为单纯组和联合组,每组分别为78例。单纯组给予单纯的硫酸镁进行治疗,联合组在单纯组给予硝苯地平以及酚妥拉明进行联合治疗,比较患者的治疗效果。结果联合组的治疗有效率显著高于单纯组,治疗前血压水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后联合组的收缩压和舒张压水平均低于单纯组,P<0.05,两组差异有统计学意义。结论对妊娠高血压综合征患者给予硫酸镁联合硝苯地平和酚妥拉明进行联合治疗,有效改善患者的血压水平。     

安罗替尼联合替吉奥治疗三线及以上晚期非小细胞肺癌的安全性和有效性

目的:前瞻性应用安罗替尼联合替吉奥治疗三线及以上晚期非小细胞肺癌，观察临床疗效和药物的安全性。方法:均经组织病理或细胞学明确诊断晚期非小细胞肺癌，且二线化疗治疗后疾病进展。口服安罗替尼胶囊8 mg/d，d1~14联合替吉奥胶囊60 mg/m2 bid d1~14，21天为一个周期。治疗终止时间为疾病进展或出现不可接受的毒副反应。结果:本研究结果显示，总体客观缓解率（ORR）可达到26.8%，总体疾病控制率（DCR）可达到80.5%，中位无进展生存期（mPFS）达到5.2个月（95%CI:3.9~6.6个月）。单因素分析，脑转移组患者mPFS（4.8个月）对比无脑转移组患者mPFS（5.9个月），两组差异具有统计学意义（P=0.039）。多变量回归分析显示，ECOG评分(P=0.002)、治疗线数（P=0.015）和疗效(P=0.014)是PFS的独立影响因素。最常见毒副反应为高血压、蛋白尿、骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、疲乏和口腔黏膜炎。结论:安罗替尼联合替吉奥胶囊在晚期非小细胞肺癌三线及以上治疗中，其总体的疗效确切且药物毒副反应可控。     

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Stomach Cancer among Male Adults: A Case-Control Study in Northern Viet Nam

Objective: This study investigated the association between fruit and vegetable intake and stomach cancer, with considering the impacts of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and tobacco smoking. Methods: A case-control study featuring 80 male incident stomach-cancer cases and 126 male controls was conducted in a general hospital in Viet Nam. A semi-quantitative food frequency and demographic lifestyle questionnaire were used; and venous blood samples were collected to determine H. pylori status by IgG ELISA. The respective associations between fruit and vegetable intake and stomach cancer were examined using unconditional logistic regression analysis with adjustments for possible cofactors. Results: Fruit intake and stomach cancer showed a weak inverse association when this became non-significant after adjusting for H. pylori infection (OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.22–1.12, p trend = 0.094). Stratifying by H. pylori status returned a negative trend for fruit intake and stomach cancer among H. pylori-negative participants (OR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.06–0.69, p trend = 0.010), but no significant interaction for H. pylori-positive participants (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.21–2.68, p trend = 0.670). Vegetable intake and stomach cancer showed no association, regardless of H. pylori status. Compared to ever-smokers with low intake, never-smokers with high vegetable (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06–0.95) and fruit intake (OR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06–0.65) showed the lowest odds of stomach cancer. Conclusions: Fruit, but not vegetable, intake showed a weak inverse association with stomach cancer. H. pylori infection and tobacco-smoking status may influence the protective effects of fruit and vegetable intake on stomach cancer.