新生儿期起病的遗传性代谢病-附三例报告

目的探讨新生儿期起病的遗传代谢病的临床特点,非特异性症状,寻求早期诊断依据。方法对疑似病例及早筛查并结合病史、家族史、临床表现、生化和分子生物学检测、组织学和影像学检查等综合分析做出诊断。结果早期诊断是防止误诊进行及时处理,挽救生命、避免或减少严重并发症及神经系统伤残的关键。     

HPLC测定葶苈降血脂胶囊中熊果酸的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定葶苈降血脂胶囊中熊果酸的含量.方法 采用Diamonsil ODS色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-甲醇-水(65∶10∶25,每100 mL加乙酸铵0.5 g);检测波长为220 nm.结果 熊果酸进样量在1.592～7.960 μg内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9);平均加样回收率为99.80%(RSD=1.89%,n=6).结论 方法简便、准确,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法.     

中药有效成分抗胃癌作用研究进展

胃癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,约占消化道恶性肿瘤的半数,在我国的死亡率居各种癌症首位。近年来,国内学者对中药防治胃癌开展了大量的研究工作,不仅发掘了具有抗胃癌活性的有效成分,而且利用现代分子生物学技术对中药有效成分诱导胃癌细胞凋亡、抑制胃癌细胞增殖、抑制胃癌细胞转移、逆转胃癌细胞多药耐药等机制进行了研究。本文着重综述近5年来国内学者对中药有效成分抗胃癌作用实验研究进展。1中药有效成分抗胃癌作用的实验研究1.1大蒜素(Allicin)大蒜素对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901和BGC-823增殖具有明显的抑制作用,通过下调CDC2和CyclinB…     

小儿多汗证的中医治疗方法

小儿多汗证是指在安静状态下，无故全身或局部汗出过多，甚至大汗淋漓，临床上最常见的为自汗、盗汗两种。小儿常自汗、盗汗并见。目前西医以抑制汗腺分泌及调节植物神经功能为主，但收效甚微，副作用较大，且停药后易于复发。中医多从虚辨治，吸收现代医学“亚健康”的观点，从调节体质入手，取得了良好的临床疗效。现将近几年中医治疗小儿多汗证的方法简要综述如下：     

东北某市大气颗粒物和多环芳烃类化合物浓度及分布特点

目的:为了了解东北某工业城市大气总悬浮颗粒物质(TSP)和多环芳烃类化合物的污染现状和分布特点。方法:分别在工业区、居民区、郊区及交通干道,用大气采样器采集大气颗粒物样品。每月连续5天24小时采样,共2年。用高压液相色谱仪检测样品中8种多环芳香烃类化合物(PAHs)浓度。结果:交通干道的TSP浓度高于其他各区,而多环芳香烃化合物的浓度是以交通干道<郊区<居民区<工业区的顺序递增,其中工业区和居民区TSP中的多环芳香烃化合物浓度高于交通干道和郊区。工业区和居民区冬季TSP中的PAHs浓度高于其他各区春、夏季浓度。8种PAHs中芴(Fl)和芘(Py)的浓度最高,是苯丙(a)芘(BaP)浓度的约3倍。结论:交通干道的TSP浓度高于其他各区,而多环芳香烃化合物的浓度是以工业区的浓度最高。     

浅谈如何打造医院护理文化

护理文化是以尊重人、并发挥人的主观能动性的文化氛围来激励和调动员工的积极性，同时通过英雄模范人物来强化其行为标准。护理文化所倡导的价值观一旦为全体员工所认同并内化为所有人的行动指南之后，这种文化本身就成为一种团体和凝聚全体成员强有力的中介力量。创造护理文化首先要教育全体护士在意识形态上和整个医院价值观的一致性，具体表现如下：     

孕鼠慢性砷暴露对胎鼠脑组织DNA的损伤和子代记忆功能的影响

目的:通过观察孕鼠慢性砷暴露对胎鼠脑组织DNA的损伤和子代记忆功能的影响,为探讨砷对胎儿的神经毒作用机制提供依据。方法:雌性小鼠受孕后第2天开始以自由饮水方式分别暴露于0ppm(对照组)、2ppm、4ppm的As2O3水溶液,连续染毒直到仔鼠出生,饲养48天,每组随机取仔鼠10只,雌雄各半,共30只,利用Morris水迷宫定向航行实验连续观察5天,每天观察3次,测定小鼠的逃避潜伏期。另取同窝别30只新生小鼠断头处死并立即取脑固定,用免疫组化方法观察脑组织神经细胞中8-羟基脱氧鸟嘌呤(8-OHdG)的表达。结果:Morris水迷宫实验结果表明,第1、3、5天,4ppm染砷组小鼠的逃避潜伏期显著长于对照组(P<0.01)。而且第3天,该染砷组小鼠的逃避潜伏期也显著长于2ppm染砷组(P<0.05)。2ppm染砷组小鼠的逃避潜伏期与对照组比较均无显著性差异。染砷组仔鼠脑皮质神经细胞中8-OHdG呈现高表达,尤其4ppm染砷组仔鼠脑皮质神经细胞中的8-OHdG表达显著高于其他两组。结论:孕鼠慢性砷暴露可引起子代小鼠神经组织DNA的氧化损伤,并且影响子代小鼠的记忆功能。     

玻璃体切割术治疗复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变

目的回顾性分析玻璃体切割术治疗复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变的疗效。方法对58例(61眼)复杂性玻璃体视网膜病患者行常规睫状体平坦部三通道玻璃体切割术。并根据病情相应处理视网膜病变,选择眼内激光及眼内填充物。结果随访3～13个月,术后矫正视力不同程度改善46眼(75%),12眼(20%)不变,3眼(5%)视力下降。结论玻璃体切割手术联合网膜手术及光凝、眼内气体、硅油填充治疗复杂性玻璃体视网膜病变有效。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.