Gastric slow waves, gastrointestinal symptoms and peptides in systemic sclerosis patients

Abstract  Impaired gastric slow waves, frequent gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and altered GI peptides have been reported in Scleroderma (SSc) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations among these three important components in GI dysmotility. Seventeen fasted SSc patients underwent four channel surface electrogastrography, measuring % of normal gastric slow waves or dysrhythmia. Patients completed a questionnaire designed by us to assess demographics, upper and lower GI symptoms (symptom presence, frequency and impact on quality of life, QOL), by YES/NO, Likert Scales and Visual Analogue Scales 1–100 mm (called GI Dysmotility Questionnaire, GIDQ) and health-related QOL by SF-36. Fasting plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and motilin levels were measured by peptide immunoassays. There were significant correlations between percentages of gastric dysrhythmias (bradygastria or arrhythmia) and a number of major GI symptoms such as nausea, abdominal bloating and pain. The plasma level of VIP was correlated positively with % dysrhythmia but negatively with % normal slow waves. Motilin was positively correlated with slow wave coupling (coordination). No major differences were noted in the measured peptides or gastric slow waves between limited SSc and diffuse SSc. Correlations were noted between SF-36 domain scores and our GIDQ scores. In SSc patients, gastric dysrhythmias are correlated with certain GI symptoms. Correlations are also noted between plasma VIP/Motilin levels and gastric slow waves. Thus in SSc, gastric dysrhythmias may be predictive of development of certain dyspeptic symptoms. Plasma VIP may be involved in the development of dysrhythmias.     

5-HT3 receptors mediate the time-dependent vagal afferent modulation of nociception during chronic food allergen-sensitized visceral hyperalgesia in rats

Abstract  Converging lines of evidence demonstrate a vagally mediated antinociceptive pathway in animals undergoing acute visceral insults, the contribution of this system to visceral pain following chronic noxious stimuli is unknown. 5-HT₃ receptor (5-HT₃Rs) on spinal afferents are crucially involved in nociceptive processing, the role of 5-HT₃Rs on vagal afferents is unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the contribution of vagal afferents to visceral nociception in rats undergoing chronic luminal allergen stimulation and whether it involves vagal 5-HT₃Rs. Sensitized rats received chicken egg albumin (EA, 1 mg mL⁻¹) in drinking water for 2 weeks (day 1–14). Visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distension [colorectal distension (CRD), 60 mmHg] and the levels of mRNA encoding 5-HT₃R (including 3A and 3B subunits) in the nodose ganglia (NG) were evaluated on day 2, 4, 8 and 15. Chronic EA challenge induced gradually increased visceral nociception, with a peak on day 15. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or functional deafferentation with capsaicin abolished this time-dependent manner, inducing hyperalgesia from day 2, lasting to day 15. Intraluminal infusion of a 5-HT₃R antagonist (granisetron), whether alone or infused after local mucosa anaesthetic with 1% lidocaine, mimicked the effects of vagotomy. The mRNA levels for 5-HT_3B or 5-HT_3A subunit in the NG showed an opposite time-course to that of visceral pain, which increased from day 2, then decreased gradually to levels lower than those of controls. Our results demonstrate a time-dependent vagal afferent modulation of chronic allergen-sensitized visceral hyperalgesia, which may involve a 5-HT₃R pathway.     

鼻息肉患者血清抗ebv-lmp1抗体的检测及其临床意义

目的:检测鼻息肉患者血清抗Epstain-Barr病毒(EBV)潜伏膜蛋白1(LMP1)抗体并探讨其临床意义。方法:行功能性鼻内镜手术治疗的鼻息肉患者20例为实验组,健康自愿者20例为对照组。以谷胱甘肽-EBV-LMP1胞外区融合蛋白(GST-LMP1)为检测抗原,ELISA和Western blot检测健康自愿者和鼻息肉患者手术治疗前、治疗后第15、30、90、180天血清抗EBV-LMP1抗体。结果:ELISA检测鼻息肉患者和健康自愿者血清抗EBV-LMP1抗体水平分别为0.976±0.131、0.400±0.102,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.01)。鼻息肉患者术前和术后第15、30、90、180天血清抗EBV-LMP1抗体水平分别为:0.976±0.131、0.921±0.138、0.899±0.168、0.576±0.144、0.521±0.117,术后第90、180天与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但是术后第15、30天与术前比较,无统计学差异。Western blot检测鼻息肉患者术前血清抗体水平与术后第15、30天比较无统计学差异;但是与术后第90、180天比较有统计学差异(P...     

il23r基因多态与食管癌遗传易感性的关联研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素23受体(IL23R)基因多态与中国人群食管癌易感性的关系。方法:采用病例-对照研究设计,收集经病理组织学确诊的食管癌新发病例共1 045例,性别、年龄等人口学特征与病例频数匹配的健康对照1047例。选取IL23R基因启动子区域SNP rs6682925 T>C以及第二外显子区域SNP rs1884444 T>G为研究位点。应用TaqMan基因分型技术进行基因型检测并进行相关统计分析,比较不同基因型与食管癌发病风险的关系。结果:在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒因素后,携带IL23R rs1884444 TG/GG基因型的个体发生食管癌的风险较携带IL23R rs1884444TT基因型者增加了20%(校正OR=1.20,95%CI=1.01～1.43),携带rs6682925 TC/CC基因型者发生食管癌的风险较携带TT基因型者增加17%(校正OR=1.17,95%CI=0.98～1.40)。分层分析结果显示rs1884444风险等位基因G和rs6682925风险等位基因C的危险作用在年轻者(≤60岁)和不饮酒者中尤为明显。结论:IL23R rs1884444和rs6682925多态与中国汉族...     

GC法同时测定冰珍去翳滴眼液中冰片和苯氧乙醇的含量

目的：建立气相色谱法同时测定冰珍去翳滴眼液中冰片及苯氧乙醇的含量。方法： 采用DB-WAX毛细管色谱柱（30 m × 0.32 mm,0.25 μm）;FID检测器;进样口温度200 ℃,检测器温度为250 ℃;载气为氮气,流速为1 mL·min-1。采用程序升温法：起始温度130 ℃,保持10 min,以25 ℃·min-1升至200 ℃,保持5 min。结果：天然冰片、苯氧乙醇的质量浓度分别在0.011 54～0.115 4 mg·mL-1（r=0.999 9）、0.064 87～0.648 7 mg·mL-1（r=0.999 9）范围内线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为96.3%（RSD=1.65%）、95.1%（RSD=1.62%）。结论：该方法专属性好,准确度高,重复性好,可用于冰珍去翳滴眼液的质量控制。     

火山蕨矿泉水煎液对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病疗效观察的报告

目的:探讨火山蕨矿泉水煎液对外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的疗效。方法:180例患者随机分为两组,对照组90例予制霉菌素(米克定)栓剂治疗,观察组90例给予火山蕨矿泉水煎液治疗。结果:对照组总有效率92.22%,复发率17.78%;观察组总有效率91.11%,复发率5.56%。两组总有效率仅差1.11%,比较无显著性差异,但观察组的治愈率和显效率均比对照组高,尤其是观察组复发率较低(P<0.05)。结论:火山蕨矿泉水煎液治疗外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病费用低、纯天然、无任何副作用,疗效显著。     

铜,锌对培养心肌细胞缺氧／再给氧损伤的影响

本文观察了不同浓度的铜、锌对培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/再给氧损伤后超氧歧化酶(superoxid dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-px)活性和脂质过氧化(lipid peroxidation,LPO)代谢产物丙二醛(malondialodehyde,MDA)含量改变,以及乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)释放的影响。结果表明:缺氧/再给氧后,心肌细胞SOD活性降低,GSH-px活性和MDA含量增高,LDH释放增加。铜、锌均能不同程度地提高SOD活性,但铜的作用强于锌。锌、铜均可降低LDH的释放,但锌的作用强于铜,锌、铜浓度过高反而增加LDH的释放。此外,铜使GSH-px活性明显升高,并显著降低MDA含量。     

肺癌100例诊断与治疗分析

为使肺癌患者能够得到早期诊断和治疗，将１９８９年至１９９５年内科住院１００例肺癌患者进行年龄、吸烟、临床表现、Ｘ线特征、诊断方法和治疗措施进行分析比较，Ｘ线检查特征发现肺癌高发年龄在４０岁～７０岁（占６０％），１０％的患者小于４０岁，有趋于年轻化趋势，有６２％患者有吸烟史，吸烟与肺癌发生有关，临床表现无特异性，全身表现多样化，多种诊断方法有利于提高肺癌确诊率纤支镜法５７％，脱落细胞学（胸水、痰）２２％，活组织检查（淋巴结、胸膜）１７％，早期诊断困难，晚期肺癌应用以化疗或放疗为主的综合治疗，有利于提高患者的生存率和改变生活质量，全身化学治疗的总有效率５６．７％，局部化学治疗的总有效率６３．６％。     

乙酸溶解-酶消化法制备医用胶原膜

目的:探讨I型胶原的提取和胶原膜的制备方法。方法：取新鲜成年牛跟腱，用乙酸溶解-酶消化法提取I型胶原，并进行盐析、透析、纯化得到精制的液态胶原，用戊二醛进行交联。结果：提取的胶原紫外分光光谱最高吸收峰值为230 nm左右；聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳呈现2条相邻带(相对分子质量98 000左右)，符合I型胶原的特性。冻干交联胶原膜呈白色海绵状，具有一定弹性。扫描电镜观察胶原膜为孔网状结构，孔径15～50 μm。 结论：乙酸溶解-酶消化法提取牛腱胶原是一种简单、理想的方法，可得到含量及纯度较高的Ι型胶原。