米托蒽醌增加肿瘤组织对微波热疗敏感性的研究

目的 改善米托蒽醌的抗肿瘤活性.方法以增敏效果细胞实验,将米托蒽醌加入到细胞培养液中,在微波0.18～0.2 mW·cm-2功率密度下辐射2.5 min,在显微镜下观察细胞的生长情况,评价米托蒽醌的增敏效果.结果米托蒽醌组的细胞死亡率与对照组有显著差别.结论米托蒽醌可作为微波热疗增敏剂,以增大肿瘤组织与正常组织吸收微波的差异,提高微波热疗效果和改善米托蒽醌治疗肿瘤的效果.     

超声造影评价颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的新生血管及其他危险因素与急性冠状动脉综合征的关系

目的 应用实时超声造影技术评价颈动脉粥样硬化斑块新生血管及其他危险因素与急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)的关系.方法 冠心病伴颈动脉粥样斑块患者128例,斑块厚度均＞2.0 mm.其中ACS组63例,稳定型冠心病组(Scad)组65例.行颈动脉常规超声及超声造影检查,通过肉眼观测及定量分析斑块造影增强情况,并对受检者进行血液生化指标的检测.结果 肉眼观察,ACS 组造影增强比例(62%,39/63)明显高于Scad组(37%,24/65)(P<0.001).定量分析显示,ACS 组斑块增强强度显著高于Scad组(P=0.001);ACS 组斑块增强强度与颈动脉管腔内增强强度比值(ratio)高于Scad组 (P=0.035).Logistic回归分析显示,年龄＞65岁和颈动脉粥样斑块造影增强是ACS发生的独立危险因素(OR=2.630,95%CI 0.933-7.409,P=0.006;OR=2.687,95%CI 1.002-8.025,P=0.047).结论 年龄＞65岁和颈动脉粥样斑块造影增强可作为预测ACS发生的独立危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the relationship between carotid plaque neovascularization and other cardiovascular risk factors and acute coronary syndrome(ACS) using contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Methods The study population consisted of 128 patients with coronary heart disease associated carotid plaque thicker than 2.0mm,including 63 patients with ACS and 65 patients with stable coronary artery disease (sCAD).Contrast-agent enhancement in the plaque was evaluated by visual interpretation and quantitative analysis.All blood samples of the patients were sent to the same hospital laboratory for biochemical detection and correction.Results The percentage of contrast-agent enhancement in patients with ACS was significantly greater than that in patients with sCAD by visual interpretation [63%(39/63) vs 37%(24/65),P<0.001].The quantitative analysis showed that the enhanced intensity in the plaque and the ratio of enhanced intensity in the plaque to that in the carotid artery lumen in patients with ACS were significantly greater than those in patients with sCAD (P=0.001,P=0.035,respectively).Logistic regression analysis revealed that age older than 65 years and contrast-agent enhancement within plaque were independent predictor for patients with ACS(OR=2.630,95%CI 0.933-7.409,P=0.006;OR=2.687,95%CI 1.002-8.025,P=0.047).Conclusions Age older than 65 years and contrast-agent enhancement in the carotid plaque may be used as independent predictors for ACS.     

心外膜脂肪组织及颈动脉内中膜厚度对冠心病的预测价值

目的 探讨高频超声测量心外膜脂肪组织及颈动脉内中膜厚度对冠心病的预测价值.方法 应用高频超声分别测量正常对照组(29例)、冠心病单支病变组(43例)、冠心病多支病变组(28例)的心外膜脂肪组织及颈动脉内中膜厚度,并进行比较.结果 正常对照组、冠心病单支病变组、冠心病多支病变组心外膜脂肪组织厚度分别为(4.8±1.3)mm、(7.6±1.8)mm、(10.1±2.6)mm,颈动脉内中膜厚度分别为(0.8±0.1)mm、(1.0±0.2)mm、(1.1±0.2)mm;三组间心外膜脂肪组织及颈动脉内中膜厚度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).心外膜脂肪组织厚度预测冠心病存在的ROC曲线下面积为0.947,以心外膜脂肪厚度＞6 mm为截断值预测冠心病的敏感性为90.1%,特异性为86.2%.颈动脉内中膜厚度预测冠心病存在的ROC曲线下面积为0.917,以颈动脉内中膜厚度0.85 mm为截断值预测冠心病的敏感性为87.3%,特异性为82.8%.二者曲线下面积比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 心外膜脂肪组织及颈动脉内中膜厚度能准确预测冠心病,心外膜脂肪组织厚度可以作为冠心病的一个新的预测因子.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the predictive value for coronary heart disease by epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) thickness and carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) measured with high-frequency ultrasound.Methods According to the results of coronary angiography, the cases were divided into the normal control group (29 patients),coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion (43 patients),coronary artery disease group with multi-vessels lesion (28 patients), respectively. EAT and IMT were measured by high-frequency ultrasound. Results The EAT in the three groups were (4.8 ± 1.3) mm, (7.6 ± 1.8) mm,(10.1±2.6) mm respectively, and the IMT were (0.8±0.1)mm,(1.0±0.2)mm,(1.1 ± 0.2)mmrespectively. In either coronary artery disease group with single-vessel lesion or multi-vessels lesion, the EAT and IMT were significantly higher than those in the normal control group ( P＜ 0.01 ). And the difference between groups of single-vessel lesion and multi-vessels lesion was also statistically significant (P＜ 0.01). The areas under receive operating characteristic(ROC) curve to predict coronary heart disease by EAT and IMT was 0.947 and 0.917, respectively, there was no significant difference between the two areas. For patient with coronary artery stenosis＞50%, the sensitivity and specificity of EAT＞6 mm were 90.1% and 86.2% ,respectively,the sensitivity and specificity of IMT＞0.85 mm were 87.3% and 82.8%,respectively. Conclusions EAT and IMT measured by high-frequency ultrasound can precisely predictcoronary heart disease. EAT can be a new predictor to diagnose coronary heart disease.     

经静脉实时心肌造影超声心动图评估心肌梗死后存活心肌

目的探讨经静脉实时心肌造影超声心动图（RT-MCE）评估心肌梗死后存活心肌。方法18例准备进行血运重建术心肌梗死患者,于术前1-5天行RT-MCE检查,并于术后3个月再次行常规超声心动图检查,室壁运动分析采用18节段分析法,分为运动正常、运动减弱、无运动和反常运动。心肌存活定义为术后超声检查室壁运动明显改善。将造影结果分为3种情况：充盈缺损,造影剂充盈延迟、回声稀疏不均匀或心内膜下充盈缺损,回声均匀性增强。其中后两种情况定义为存活心肌。结果在18例心肌梗死患者中共检出109个室壁运动异常节段,运动减弱为47个,无运动为56个,反常运动为6个。注射造影剂后回声均匀性增强的心肌节段中有2个节段术前室壁运动减弱,术后运动均改善;回声不均匀或心内膜下充盈缺损的心肌节段中术前室壁运动减弱有24个节段,术后运动改善14个,术前室壁无运动有24个节段,术后运动改善20个;充盈缺损的心肌节段中术前室壁运动减弱有21个节段,术后运动均未改善,术前室壁无运动32个,术后运动改善2个。RT-MCE检出存活心肌的敏感性、特异性分别为94.7%、78.9%。结论RT-MCE能比较准确的判断心肌梗死后心肌的存活性。     

定量组织速度成像测量二尖瓣环运动速度

目的　应用定量组织速度成像测量二尖瓣环运动速度评价扩张型心肌病患者左室舒张功能。方法　定量组织速度成像测量 14例正常人和 14例扩张型心肌病患者二尖瓣环 6个节段 (后间隔和侧壁、前间隔和后壁、前壁和下壁 )舒张早期峰值速度Ve、左房收缩期峰值速度Va ,计算Ve Va ;多普勒超声心动图测量二尖瓣口血流快速充盈速度E峰、左房收缩充盈速度A峰 ,计算E A值。结果　正常人和扩张型心肌病患者两组间E A无显著统计学差异 ,而扩张型心肌病组二尖瓣环平均Ve Va、平均Ve较正常组显著减低 (Ve Va :0 .89± 0 .11vs 1.76± 0 .76,P =0 .0 0 1;Ve :-4 .79± 2 .2 2vs -8.42± 2 .2 7,P<0 .0 0 0 1) ;正常组中二尖瓣环平均Ve Va与E A显著相关 (r =0 .63 ,P =0 .0 0 8) ,而扩张型心肌病组二尖瓣环平均Ve Va与E A无显著相关。结论　扩张型心肌病患者二尖瓣口血流频谱表现为假性正常化 ,定量组织速度成像测量二尖瓣环运动速度可准确评价其左室舒张功能。     

微波法提取槐花米中的芦丁

目的　优选槐花米中芦丁的最佳提取工艺。方法　以槐花米为原料 ,水为溶剂 ,利用微波辐射提取芦丁。结果　在微波功率为 2 7.2～ 30 .6W的条件下 ,回流提取 (2 4min× 4 ) ,收率 17%。结论　微波加热法提取芦丁 ,方法简便、快速、高效。