宫腔镜在辅助生殖技术中的应用

目的：探讨宫腔镜检查术在辅助生殖技术中应用的重要性。方法：对150例拟行辅助生殖技术的不育妇女行常规宫腔镜检查。结果：宫腔镜150例中47例（31％）有镜下异常，其中：子宫内膜息肉或息肉样增生18例（12％），子宫内膜单纯性增生17例（11％），子宫畸形7例（5％），宫腔粘连狭窄3例（2％），子宫内膜结核1例（0．7％），子宫黏膜下肌瘤或腺肌瘤1例（0．7％）。以宫腔镜诊断为标准，阴道超声诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率分别为66％（31／47）、98％（101／103）、94％（31／33）、86％（101／117）、88％（132／150），子宫造影分别为26％（12／47）、100％（95／95）、100％（12／12）、73％（95／130）、75％（107／142）。结论：宫腔镜检查术具有良好的可接受性和准确性，应作为辅助生殖技术前的常规检查。     

Evaluation of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony as determined by phase analysis of ECG-gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and conduction disturbances

Background  Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is approved for the treatment of patients with advanced systolic heart failure and evidence of dyssynchrony on electrocardiograms. However, a significant percentage of patients do not demonstrate improvement with CRT. Echocardiographic techniques have been used for more accurate determination of dyssynchrony. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging has not previously been used to evaluate cardiac dyssynchrony. The objective of this study is to evaluate mechanical dyssynchrony as described by phase analysis of gated SPECT images in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, conduction delays, and ventricular paced rhythms. Methods and Results  A novel count-based method is used to extract regional systolic wall thickening amplitude and phase from gated SPECT images. Five indices describing the phase dispersion of the onset of mechanical contraction are determined: peak phase, phase SD, bandwidth, skewness, and kurtosis. These indices were determined in consecutive patients with left ventricular dysfunction (n=120), left bundle branch block (n=33), right bundle branch block (n=19), and ventricular paced rhythms (n=23) and were compared with normal control subjects (n=157). Phase SD, bandwidth, skewness, and kurtosis were significantly different between patients with left ventricular dysfunction, left bundle branch block, right bundle branch block, and ventricular paced rhythms and normal control subjects (all P<.001) Peak phase was significantly different between patients with right ventricular paced rhythms and normal control subjects (P=.001). Conclusions  A novel SPECT technique for describing left ventricular mechanical dyssyn-chrony has been developed and may prove useful in the evaluation of patients for CRT. This study was funded in part by a research grant from the Medtronic-Duke Strategic Alliance, of which Dr Borges-Neto is the primary investigator.     

纵隔支气管囊肿CT误诊1例

患者男性,29岁。因体检发现纵隔肿物17天入院。无胸、背痛及胸闷、气促、呼吸困难,无咳嗽、咳痰及咯血。查体:生命体征平稳,双肺呼吸音清晰、未闻及干湿性罗音及胸膜摩擦音。胸透及胸部CT:右后下纵隔类圆形占位,密度较均匀,CT值20~22HU,肿物不随呼吸运动活动。CT诊断:右后下纵隔神经源性良性肿瘤(图1,2)。于全麻下行右后下纵隔肿瘤切除术,病理诊断:(右后下纵隔)支气管源性囊肿。讨论:纵隔支气管囊肿属先天性异常,为前肠囊肿的一种,多见于儿童和青年人。大部分位于气管、支气管周围,多在隆突下和右气管旁。最常见的临床症状是胸痛,无症状…     

单纯玻璃体切除术治疗细菌性眼内炎的疗效评价

目的 评估单纯行玻璃体切除术对外因性细菌性眼内炎的疗效。方法 外因性细菌性眼内炎21例(21只眼)，其中白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术后1只眼，眼球穿通伤后20只眼。均作睫状体平部三切口玻璃体切除术，晶状体混浊者一并切除，若有球内异物一并取出，伴视网膜脱离者，重水或气／液交换复位视网膜后行眼内炎光凝、长效气体或硅油填充以及巩膜环扎，术中灌注液内不加入庆大霉素，术毕不作玻璃体腔注药，术后联合抗生索和激素静脉用药。结果 炎症控制20只眼，术后矫正视力提高20只眼，有效率为80．95％。结论 玻璃体切除术对严重细菌性眼内炎而言是最重要的治疗手段。     

Analysis of the Surface Ozone During Summer and Autumn at a Coastal Site in East China

The levels and temporal variations of surface ozone at a coastal site in East China during summer and autumn were analyzed and the influences of meteorological parameters on ozone were investigated. An inland city was chosen as a comparison site. The main results and conclusions of this study are: (1) ozone pollution, with a maximum 1 h concentration of 150.98 ppbv, was severe during summer and autumn at the coastal site; (2) the ozone level was obviously higher at the coastal site than that at the inland site in September; (3) besides temperature and solar radiation, sea-land breeze circulation is an important factor influencing the ozone level at the coastal site, and sea breeze often induce high ozone levels (the average ozone concentration for sea breeze was about 13 ppbv higher than that for land breeze).     

咪达唑仑和丙泊酚镇静用于结肠镜检查的比较(前瞻性随机对照研究)

目的借助脑电双频指数（bispectral index，BIS）监测，随机前瞻性比较咪达唑仑和丙泊酚用于结肠镜检查的镇静深度、镇静效果和安全性。方法接受无痛结肠镜检查患者60例，用随机数字表分为3组，每组20例：Ⅰ组，咪达唑仑首次剂量0．06mg／kg；Ⅱ组，丙泊酚首次剂量1．0mg／kg；Ⅲ组，丙泊酚首次剂量1．5mg／kg。于丙泊酚给药后1min、眯达唑仑给药后2min进镜。病人出现不良反应且影响操作时追加丙泊酚20～30mg。监测血压、心率、血氧饱和度值（SpO，）、BIS值，以BIS值反映镇静深度。结果进镜时镇静深度由浅到深依次为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（F=25．40，P=0．000），检查中的BIS最低值无统计学差异。进镜时三组患者均无不良反应，丙泊酚追加剂量Ⅰ组明显少于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组，清醒时间Ⅰ组明显长于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组。Ⅰ组有1例心率〈60次／min，Ⅲ组有1例血压〈90／60inmHg，均为一过性，三组SpO2均大于90％。结论咪达唑仑0．06mg／kg和丙泊酚1．0mg／kg作为首次剂量用于结肠镜检查，检查中适时追加丙泊酚镇静深度，镇静效果满意且安全。     

HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155真核重组载体构建

目的分别构建人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)X蛋白、羧基端截断的中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,以便进一步研究其转录激活功能及对宿主细胞信号传导通路的影响。方法设计合成3对寡核苷酸引物,以adr亚型HBV质粒pHBVDNA为模板,采用PCR法分别扩增HBVX基因、MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段;用HindⅢ,KpnⅠ双酶切HBVⅩ基因;用HindⅢ和BamHⅠ双酶切MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段后,分别定向插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1相应酶切位点,转化宿主菌JM109,提取质粒,分别用上述内切酶酶切及DNA测序鉴定重组质粒。结果酶切重组体显示所切下的片段大小均与预计相符,测序结果与文献报道序列及预计结果一致。结论成功构建了HBVX基因、羧基端截断的HBV中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,为进一步研究HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155对宿主细胞信号转导通路的影响奠定基础。     

螺旋CT三维膀胱造影在膀胱肿瘤诊断中的应用

目的　探讨螺旋CT三维膀胱造影对膀胱肿瘤的诊断价值。方法　选择 7例拟诊为膀胱肿瘤的患者作前瞻性增强研究 ,分平扫期、增强动脉期和排泄延迟期扫描 ,注射对比剂 80 10 0ml后 60秒和 3 0分钟分别行盆腔CT扫描 ,回顾性重建间隔 3mm ,采用多轴向多方位重建 (MPVR)及最大密度投影法 (MIP)重建。结果　膀胱充盈显示佳 ,肿瘤软组织影更为凸出 ,病灶与膀胱壁关系表现更全面。结论　螺旋CT三维膀胱造影有助于膀胱肿瘤的术前诊断及分期 ,对不能耐受膀胱镜检查或尿道狭窄的病人尤为适用 ,无盲区。     

Interleukin 17-Producing γδT Cells Increased in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Although it has been known that y8 T cells may play an important role in the immune response to infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the mechanisms by which the T8 T cells participate in the innate and/or acquired immunity to tuberculosis (TB) have not been full elucidated. In the present study, 27 patients with active pulmonary TB and 16 healthy donors (HD) were performed. We found that proportion of IL-17-producing cells among lymphocyte was similar between TB patients and HD, whereas the proportions of γδ T cells in IL-17- producing cells (59.2%) and IL-17-producing cells in γδ T cells (19.4%) in peripheral blood were markedly increased in TB patients when compared to those in HD (43.9% and 7.7%, respectively). In addition, the proportions of IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells in TB patients were obviously lower than that in HD. Upon re-stimulated with M. tb heat-treated antigen (M. tb-HAg) in vitro, fewer IL-17-producing γδ T cells were generated from HD and TB patients, whereas IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells were increased in TB patients compared to that in HD. Our findings in TB patients and healthy human were consistent with other murine investigation that the IL-17- producing γδ T cells were main source of IL-17 in mouse model of BCG infection, suggesting that γδ T cells might be involved in the formation of tubercular granuloma in pulmonary TB patients, but need further identification. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2008;5(3):203-208.     

肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤(附18例报告)

目的较全面的了解神经节细胞瘤的临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析18例病理确诊的神经节细胞瘤患者临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查和治疗效果。结果15例是无临床症状的影像学偶然发现病例,内分泌检查均在正常范围;另外3例以阵发性高血压为主要临床表现,其中1例尿儿茶酚胺升高,肾上腺髄质显像(MIBG)阳性。18例B型超声检查均为低回声;13例CT平扫见散在点状高密度影,12例CT增强扫描肿瘤周边强化明显。手术前诊断为嗜铬细胞瘤12例,神经节细胞瘤4例,肾上腺无功能腺瘤2例。18例行肿瘤切除,随访6个月~7年,高血压症状消失,2例肿瘤复发。结论肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤与肾上腺髄质肿瘤难以鉴别,综合各项影像学检查对诊断有较高的参考价值。手术治疗是唯一的有效方法。