体位改变对前列腺切除术老年患者循环呼吸功能的影响

目的探讨体位干预在经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）中对老年患者循环呼吸功能的影响。方法将120例行TURP且年龄〉60岁的老年患者随机分为两组,每组各60例,对照组术中采用常规的膀胱截石位,干预组在手术中采用不同的体位,监测各组心率（HR）、无创血压（NBP）、心电图（ECG）、动脉血氧饱和度（SPO2）及临床症状。结果对照组血压波动明显大于干预组,心电图异常、低SPO2发生率明显高于干预组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,同时胸闷、气促、心慌发生率也高于干预组。结论体位干预在一定程度上可以预防或减轻TURP对老年患者循环呼吸功能的影响,提高手术的安全性。     

血清BNP和IL-8联合检测在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并心力衰竭中的诊断价值

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期(AECOPD)合并心力衰竭患者B型脑钠肽(BNP)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的水平变化,探讨其在诊治AECOPD合并心力衰竭中的诊断价值。方法采用免疫化学发光微粒子酶法和酶联免疫双抗体夹心法(ELISA)检测40名治疗前、后AECOPD合并心力衰竭患者和40例健康对照组血清BNP和IL-8的水平,分析患者轻、中、重、极重组血清BNP和IL-8的直线相关性。结果① AECOPD组BNP和IL-8的水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01),缓解期组BNP和IL-8的水平显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05);②AECOPD轻、中、重、极重组患者血清BNP和IL-8的水平随AECOPD程度加重而增加,各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);③AECOPD各组血清BNP和IL-8呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论血清BNP和IL-8的水平可作为AECOPD合并心力衰竭患者病情严重程度和疗效判断的早期指标。     

血清肿瘤坏死因子-α和C反应蛋白联合检测在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并心力衰竭中的临床意义

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期(AECOPD)合并心力衰竭患者肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(CRP)的水平变化,探讨其在诊治AECOPD合并心力衰竭中的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫双抗体夹心法(ELISA)检测40例患者和40名健康人员血清TNF-α和CRP的水平,比较各组间的差异,分析患者轻度、中度、重度、极重度组血清TNF-α和CRP的相关性。结果①AECOPD组和缓解期组TNF-α和CRP的水平显著高于健康对照组(P<0.01);②AECOPD轻度、中度、重度、极重度组患者血清TNF-α和CRP的水平随病情程度加重而增加,各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);③AECOPD各组血清TNF-α和CRP呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论血清TNF-α和CRP的水平可作为AECOPD合并心力衰竭患者病情严重程度和疗效判断的早期指标。     

MTHFR基因多态性与ALL患儿MTX血药浓度及严重毒副反应的相关性研究

目的:在儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者中,探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR C677T和A1298C)基因多态性与甲氨蝶呤(MTX)化疗后44 h血药浓度和严重毒副反应间的相关性.方法:收集77例ALL患儿临床资料,监测MTX输注后44 h的血药浓度并进行MTHFR基因分型;分析MTHFR C677T基因型和...     

脂肪肝与体重指数及血脂的相关性探讨

随着人们生活水平的提高、膳食结构的改变,脂肪肝、肥胖、高脂血症的发病率在逐年升高,已严重危害人们的健康。本文旨在探讨该地区健康体检人群中脂肪肝、BMI和高脂血症之间的关系,为脂肪肝的预防提供依据。 对象与方法 1．体检对象：选取2007年10月至2008年10月我院健康体检中心资料完整人群8161例。其中男性5796例,占71．0％;女性2365例,占29．0％;年龄在20～90岁之间。     

术前健康教育对骨科手术病人焦虑的影响

目的：探讨术前健康教育对骨科手术病人焦虑的影响。方法：试验组不仅接受一般护理而且接受专门的术前健康教育,对照组仅接受一般护理。测定术前焦虑值、心率差、血压差以及术后满意度等各项指标结果。结果：试验组术前血压收缩压差、心率差以及焦虑值显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）,并对出院患者健康教育满意度调查满意度较对照组明显高（P〈0．01）。结论：术前健康教育在缓解术前焦虑方面有重要作用。     

气管切开患者安全吸痰的护理

气管切开术是抢救危重患者呼吸道不畅所采取的紧急而有效的治疗措施。因此,吸痰技术是日常护理工作中最常见而又最重要的护理技术之一,若吸痰操作不当或过于频繁可导致许多并发症发生,甚至影响疾病的康复,危及患者的生命。我们通过对42例气管切开患者吸痰观察,从病室护理、气道湿化、吸氧、雾化吸入、肺部护理、生命体征的监测、心理护理八个方面加强护理,保证对患者实施安全吸痰,减少并发症的发生,促进患者康复。     

Effect of Anluohuaxian Tablet Combined with γ-IFN on Schistosomal Liver Fibrosis

The therapeutic effects of anluohuaxian tablet combined with γ-IFN on schistosomal liver fibrosis and its mechanism were studied in a murine model and clinical cases of schistosomal liver fibrosis, Fifty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal control group, infection control group, anluohuaxian tablet-treated group, γ-IFN-treated group and combined treatment （anluohuaian tablet＋γ-IFN） group. Pathologic changes in liver, including hepatic pigmentation and the size of schistosomal egg granuloma, were observed by HE staining after treatment for 8 weeks. The expression of the type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen, and TIMP-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. TGF-β1 mRNA expression was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Sixty patients with schistosomal liver fibrosis were divided into treatment group and control group. The patients in treatment group were treated with anluohuaxian tablet in combination with γ-IFN for 6 months. Before and after treatment, the changes of symptoms and signs, liver function, serum liver fibrosis indexes and imaging indexes were observed. The results showed that as compared with infection control group, all forms of treatments relieved the hepatic pathological injury with apparently diminished size of schistosomal egg nodules and decreased percentage of pigmentation （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the expression of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ, TIMP-1, and TGF-β1 mRNA in combined treatment group was significantly decreased as compared with anluohuaxian tablet-treated and γ-IFN-treated groups （P〈0.05）. In the clinical observation, the serum liver fibrosis indexes, the portal vein width as well as the spleen thickness was significantly reduced in treatment group as compared with control group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the combined use of anluohuaxian tablet with γ-IFN in schistosomal liver fibrosis could protect liver function, alleviate liver fibrosis, and could be used as a choice in treating patients with schiatosomal liver fibrosis.