肝性脑病与神经介质代谢紊乱的关系

肝性脑病的确切发病机理,目前尚不清楚,据动物实验及临床观察,发病原因有多种因素。由于多数肝昏迷是可逆的,且不遗留后遗症,故目前认为神经介质代谢紊乱可能是重要原因之一。一、伪介质形成与苯丙氨酸及酪氨酸代谢障碍肝性脑病患者常有血浆氨基酸型的改变。正常生理状     

CEREBRAL INFARCTION iN A BILATERAL COMMON CAROTID ARTERY LIGATION MODEL PROTECTED BY RADIX SALVIAE MILTIORRHIZAE

The effect of RSM on cerebral infarction wasevaluated in 120 SD rats.Bilateral common carotidartery ligation was done in 86 animals,a sham opera-tion was done in 34 animals.Half an hour beforeligation 48 animals were given 10 gm/kg of RSM;38 animals were given the same volume of normalsaline.Morbidity and mortality were recorded forfive days.Of the saline-treated animals 57.9%(22/38)died,while 29.2% (14/48) of the animals treatedwith RSM died during the observation period.Of the 48 RSM-treated animals only 4 (8.3%) re-mained in a comatose-like state after operation anddied without apparent recovery from anesthesia.Thenumber was 11 (28.9%) in the saline-treated group(P<0.05).Death of saline-treated rats most fre-quently occurred within the first 6 hours after theligation (13(?)38);the incidence of death in the samepostoperative period in RSM-treated animals wassignificantly less (3/48,P<0.01).No sham-operatedanimals died.The authors concluded that RSM isbeneficial in postischemic treatment of stroke.     

缺血性脑血管病的基因研究进展

近５年来，科研人员利用分子杂交和免疫组化技术观察了脑缺血后脑内基因表达情况，并探讨了其临床意义，文章综述了这方面的研究进展。     

巴曲酶对脑缺血再灌注细胞外液单胺类及其代谢产物的影响 …

目的 巴曲酶对脑缺血再灌流损伤的保护机理。方法 采用脑内微透析技术结合高灵敏度的高压液相色谱－电化学检测手段（ＨＰＬＣ－ＥＤ），测定前脑缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌注１２０ｍｉｎ时的纹状体细胞外液（ＥＣＦ）的ＤＡ、５－ＨＴ和ＮＥ及其代谢产物（５－ＨＩＡＡ）和ＨＶＡ的变化和巴曲酶的影响。结果 显示脑缺血时，ＥＣＦ ＤＡ、ＮＥ及５－ＨＴ明显升高，巴曲酶能显著地降低脑缺血时ＥＣＦ ＤＡ及再灌注时ＥＣＦ ＨＶＡ和５     

Effect of Batroxobin on Expression of C-Jun in Left Temporal Ischemic Rats with Spatial Learning and Memory Disorder

The effect of Batroxobin on expression of c-Jun in left temporal ischemic rats with spatial memorydisorder was investigated by means of Morri's water maze and immunohistochemistry methods.Theresults showed that the mean reaction time and distance of temporal ischemic rats for searching a goalwere significantly longer than those of sham-operated rats,and at the same time c-Jun expression ofleft temporal ischemic region was significantly increased.However,the mean reaction time anddistance of Batroxobin-treated rats were shorter and they used normal strategies more often andearlier than those of ischemic rats.The number of c-Jun immune reactive cells of Batroxobin-treatedrats was also less than that of ischemic group.In conclusion,Batroxobin can improve spatial memorydisorder in temporal ischemic rats,and the down-regulation of the expression of c-Jun is probablyrelated to the neuroprotective mechanism.     

关于脑血管病防治的几点建议

脑血管病的发病率占各种疾病的前三位，其中缺血性脑血管病（ＩＣＶＤ）的发病率更有上升及发病年龄年轻化趋势。本期脑血管病专辑不仅内容丰富，且突出了理论联系临床实践，如在研究脑血管病发病机制、病理生理机制的同时，重视干预治疗。本文对脑血管病，尤其是ＩＣＶＤ的防治研究提出以下三点建议。一、对于溶栓治疗的时间窗、药物选择、剂量及给药途径研究需加大力度自从局灶性缺血再灌注动物模型建立后，缺血中心坏死区及半暗带的概念已获得共识。治疗时间窗的提出为溶栓治疗提供了理论依据。但治疗时间窗究竟多长——几小时？几天？从…     

五羟色胺含量在丹参改善颞叶缺血大鼠记忆障碍中的变化

目的 探讨五羟色胺(5-HT)含量在丹参改善单侧颞叶缺血性损害大鼠空间记忆障碍中的变化。方法采用立体定向光化学技术选择性地导致大鼠左侧颞叶皮层缺血,术前30min及术后第3天分别给丹参组大鼠腹腔注射丹参10g／kg体重,用Morris水迷宫及图像自动监视系统监测大鼠行为。然后取脑组织进行病理观察及5-HT免疫组化分析：结果经丹参治疗,颞叶缺血性损害大鼠的空间记忆障碍得到显改善,颞叶缺血性损害显减轻,缺血灶内5-HT表达明显减少。结论在丹参改善单侧颞叶缺血大鼠空间记忆障碍中,5-HT起一定作用。     

偏头痛患者脑脊液(CSF)及血浆中强啡肽A_(1～13)异常及天容穴治疗的影响

采用RIA对22例无先兆偏头痛病人和10例对照者的CSF和血浆中强啡肽（DYN）A1～13含量进行了比较研究。发现无先兆偏头痛病人发作期CSF及血浆中DYNA1～13含量均显著低于对照组（P＜0．01），重度头痛组病人CSF中DYNA1～13含量低于中度头痛组（P＜0．05），提示内源性阿片系统与偏头痛病理生理机制有关；天容穴治疗30分钟后，发现病人血浆中DYNA1～13含量较治疗前显著增高（P＜0．05）。其中头痛完全缓解组病人血浆中DYNA1－13含量较治疗前显著增加（P＜0．01），而有效组及无效组未发现显著变化。提示天容穴治疗可能通过促进体内DYNA1～13的生成和／或释放发挥其镇痛作用。