颌骨血管瘤伴发的骨改变

血管瘤或血管畸形伴有骨组织的改变是常见的。临床上见到血管瘤或血管畸形病人时,有必要使用X线或CT检查,以了解其邻近骨组织是否有伴发的骨改变。     

清洁舌苔可防口臭

陈小爽不但人长得帅,而且很有才华,是某公司的公关部经理.他走到哪里,都有姑娘投来羡慕的目光.可是,他并不因此而快乐.     

幽门螺杆菌感染对人牙龈组织细胞凋亡的影响

目的:观察正常牙龈组织中幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的感染情况及其对人牙龈组织细胞凋亡的影响。方法:采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测30例健康牙龈组织中Hp感染情况,应用脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的原位缺口末端标记(TUNEL)法检测牙龈组织中的细胞凋亡指数,分析Hp对牙龈组织的毒性作用。结果:PCR检测的30名患者,Hp阳性率为40%。在TUNEL结果中,可见Hp阳性组有大量棕色凋亡细胞,部分细胞核固缩成团或核膜周围边集成环状。而正常对照组中阳性凋亡细胞较Hp感染组明显偏低,2组细胞凋亡指数差异有统计学意义。结论:Hp感染可能是引起牙龈组织细胞凋亡的因素之一。     

超声骨刀在种植外科中的应用进展

在种植外科领域中,骨切割是一项基础而重要的技术。相对于传统的截骨器械,超声骨刀显示出其具有软组织保护、振动少等独特的优点,保证了手术的精确、高效、安全。目前,其已在种植外科中有较多的应用。本文就超声骨刀的工作原理、特点及其在种植外科中的应用进展等方面作一综述。     

应用锥形束CT评估腭部种植体的植入部位

Objective To investigate the vertical bone height and the bone density of the palate for implants placement using cone beam CT(CBCT)and to provide references to the safe and stable placement of palatal implants.Methods Three-dimensional reformatting images were reconstructed with the selected CBCT scanning data of 34 patients aged 18 to 35 yeras,by means of EZ implant software.The vertical bone height was measured at 20 interesting sites of palate.Bone density was measured at 10 sites that could support 3.0mm long implants.The data of the vertical bone height and bone density were analyzed by Kmeans cluster analysis.Results According to the cluster analysis results,the 10 sites were classified into 3 clusters.There were statistical differences among these three clusters in bone height and bone density(P＜0.05).The ISD result showed that the greatest mean value of vertical bone height was obtained in cluster 2,followed by cluster 1 and cluster 3;the highest bone density was founded in cluster 3,followed by cluster 1 and cluster 2.Conclusions Evaluation of the sites for palatal implant placement with cone beam CT would be helpful in safe and stable implantation.     

颌下腺移位术防治鼻咽癌放疗后口干的研究进展

鼻咽癌在我国南方地区较为常见，其治疗方法主要是放射治疗，临床上多采用以双侧面颈联合野为主的照射方案。放射线在杀伤癌细胞的同时不可避免地损伤周围正常组织和器官，涎腺受到射线损伤后会引起口腔干燥，其发生率接近100％，表现为口腔黏膜干裂、疼痛、溃疡、咀嚼吞咽困难、龋齿发生等，对患者的生活质量造成不良影响。学者们为防治放疗后口腔干燥进行了广泛的研究，现就其防治方式尤其是颌下腺移位术防治放疗后口干的研究进展作一概述。     

早期与延迟腭帆形成术的语音效果比较

目的：探讨不同手术时期对腭裂术后语音效果的影响。方法：对78例早期腭帆形成术（手术时平均年龄为3．2个月）及43例延迟腭帆形成术（手术时平均年龄为15个月）的两组术后患儿,由2名有经验的专职语音师进行包括语音音色、音素、过高鼻音与过低鼻音的评估,观察其不良的语音习惯,如唇习惯、舌习惯及发音时的脸部异常表情动作等,从而作出语音效果评估。结果：两组术后患儿的语音评估结果差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）,即早时期接受腭帆修复手术者,语音效果好。结论：腭帆形态术实施时间早,可为良好的语音发育创造正常的解剖生理条件,因而语音效果好;早期实施腭帆形态术,对腭裂患儿的语音功能正常发育有重要意义。     

生长期山羊囊内骨折复位术中保留髁突软骨的重要性及组织学研究

目的：通过组织学观察,探讨髁突囊内骨折内固定术中保留和切除髁突软骨对髁突生长发育的影响。方法：6个月龄山羊12只,随机分为实验组（n=8）和对照组（n=4）。实验组双侧髁突造成囊内骨折并同期行手术复位固定．一侧保留髁突软骨,另一侧切除髁突软骨。术后3个月、6个月处死动物,切取髁突标本行石蜡切片和硬组织切片观察骨折愈合和髁突生长情况。结果：实验组髁突骨折愈合良好,钛板被新生骨组织覆盖;HE染色显示．保留髁突软骨组,髁突软骨结构清晰,与正常对照髁突相同,软骨成骨活跃,髁突生长发育正常;切除髁突软骨组,髁突软骨层消失,表面为成熟的骨细胞覆盖,直接与关节盘的纤维组织相连,新生骨组织少见：硬组织切片显示,钛板与骨组织直接结合．未见组织渗出和排异反应。结论：手术复位髁突囊内骨折时保留髁突软骨,不会影响髁突的生长发育;损伤髁突软骨．会造成髁突与关节盘黏连．引起髁突生长发育障碍。     

双膦酸盐相关性颌骨坏死的研究进展

双膦酸盐相关性颌骨坏死（Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws,BRONJ）是长期使用双膦酸盐类药物出现的一种严重并发症,主要表现为颌面部不愈合的瘘管,暴露的坏死颌骨。BRONJ作为一种新出现的疾病,目前其发病机制尚不明确,诊断和治疗方法也未统一,本文就BRONJ的新近研究进展作一综述。     

应用锥形束CT评估腭部种植体的植入部位

Objective To investigate the vertical bone height and the bone density of the palate for implants placement using cone beam CT(CBCT)and to provide references to the safe and stable placement of palatal implants.Methods Three-dimensional reformatting images were reconstructed with the selected CBCT scanning data of 34 patients aged 18 to 35 yeras,by means of EZ implant software.The vertical bone height was measured at 20 interesting sites of palate.Bone density was measured at 10 sites that could support 3.0mm long implants.The data of the vertical bone height and bone density were analyzed by Kmeans cluster analysis.Results According to the cluster analysis results,the 10 sites were classified into 3 clusters.There were statistical differences among these three clusters in bone height and bone density(P＜0.05).The ISD result showed that the greatest mean value of vertical bone height was obtained in cluster 2,followed by cluster 1 and cluster 3;the highest bone density was founded in cluster 3,followed by cluster 1 and cluster 2.Conclusions Evaluation of the sites for palatal implant placement with cone beam CT would be helpful in safe and stable implantation.