BM210955抗骨吸收细胞药效与作用机制

目的　研究BM2 10 955延缓骨量丢失、抑制骨吸收的细胞药效和作用机制。方法　由 10日龄新西兰兔四肢长骨分离破骨细胞接种于象牙片和盖玻片上培养 ,应用TRAP(抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶 )、TB(甲苯胺蓝 )和吖啶橙荧光染色等技术 ,观察不同浓度BM2 10 955药物对破骨细胞生存率、骨吸收功能和凋亡率等细胞药效评价指标的影响。结果　BM2 10 955降低TRAP( )多核细胞数目 ,10 -8mol/L组较对照组减少 73% ;BM2 10 955抑制骨片吸收陷窝的形成 ,作用强度与药物浓度有关 ,10 -12 、10 -10 和 10 -8mol/L组抑制率分别为 31.5 8%、76 .32 %和87.99% ;10 -8mol/L以上药物浓度对破骨细胞凋亡有诱导作用 ,10 -4 mol/L组凋亡指数为 6 2 %。结论　诱导破骨细胞凋亡、降低破骨细胞生存数目并抑制细胞的骨吸收功能是BM2 10 955延缓骨丢失、抑制骨吸收的主要机制之一。     

《医用生物力学》杂志创刊30周年回顾与展望

《医用生物力学》创刊于1986年,是一本反映国内外生物力学科研和临床工作最新成果和进展、促进国内外生物力学学科学术交流的科技期刊。截止2016年6月,杂志共出版31卷124期正刊,在刊物质量、学术影响力等方面均取得了较大的进步。本文回顾《医用生物力学》杂志30年的发展历程,并从提高期刊质量、推进期刊数字化建设和加强期刊国际化程度三方面对杂志今后的工作进行展望。     

p38MAPK在17β-雌二醇和雷洛昔芬促成骨细胞增殖和分化中的作用

目的：观察p38MAPK信号转导通路在17β-雌二醇和雷洛昔芬促成骨细胞增殖和分化过程中的作用。方法：取第一继代BALB／c小鼠头盖骨成骨细胞，药物刺激组分别加入不同浓度17β-雌二醇或雷洛昔芬；含阻断剂组预先添加不同浓度的SB202190（p38MAPK的阻断剂）阻断信号转导通路，再加17β-雌二醇或雷洛昔芬，作用72h后用MTT法与PNPP法测定细胞的增殖能力和碱性磷酸酶活性。结果：加入雌激素或雷洛昔芬后，成骨细胞的增殖和分化明显增强，与空白对照组比较差异具有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；阻断p38MAPK信号转导通路后，细胞增殖分化受到明显抑制，与未阻断组比较差异具有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：p38MAPK在17β-雌二醇和雷洛昔芬谤导的小鼠成骨细胞的增殖和分化过程中发挥重要作用。     

大鼠脑内成分对体外培养的成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响

目的研究大鼠脑组织固有成分对体外培养的成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响，探讨合并脑外伤骨折愈合加快的可能原因。方法提取大鼠全脑、灰质、白质、垂体、肌肉、肝脏、大鼠血清等．制成匀浆提取液．体外培养大鼠成骨细胞．与空白培养液作对照观察大鼠各组织提取液对成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的作用。结果对成骨细胞增殖的影响：脑内灰质和白质成分较其他提取液显著促进成骨细胞增殖（P〈0．01）。其中灰质成分最为明显；对成骨细胞分化的影响：灰质，白质，血清成分对成骨细胞ALP活性的影响明显较其它各组高（P〈0．01），其中灰质成分为最高（P〈0．01）；对成骨细胞矿化的影响：肌肉组轻度抑制成骨细胞矿化结节形成（P〈0．05），其他各组无显著性差别。结论大鼠脑组织中灰质和白质能显著促进成骨细胞增殖和分化．尤以灰质为最强，但并不能明显促进成骨细胞矿化。脑外伤后脑组织内固有成分释放入血可能和合并脑外伤的骨折愈合加速有一定关系。     

电离辐射致股骨头坏死早期病理特点和机制的研究

Objective To observe the earlier pathological character and mechanism of radiation osteonecrosis in femoral head, in order to provide evidences for the earlier diagnosis and prevention of radiation osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Single femoral head of rats were irradiated singly with 30 Gy of 137 Cs γ-ray. The rats were executed after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, then the femurs were stained with HE and histopatholngical changes were observed by light microscope. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured after 2 weeks and its proliferation and the colony formation were observed. The rats were endo-perfused with microfili contrast medium 12 weeks later, and the 3-dimensional structure of capillaries by Micro-CT was re-estabhshed to detect the pathological changes of capillaries after irradiation. Result The irradiated femur showed deranged cbondrocyte, decreased osteocyte, shrinking nucleus, increased empty bone lacuna and reduced bone trabocnla (P < 0.05). Micro-CT showed the discontinued small vessels and absence(6.65 %) capillaries in irradiated femur were obviously less than those of the unirradiated (12.3 %)(P < 0.001). The proliferation of BMSCs was slowed, the number of colony in irradiated group (10 %) was less than that of control (21 %) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary histopathological changes of osteoradionecrosis on femoral head could be increased the empty bone lacuna, and the bone lacuna above 30 % was the sign of the earlier period of osteoradionecrosis. The osteonecrosis of femoral head induced by radiation is not only correlated to the damages to the bone, but also to the damages to BMSCs and capillaries.     

高纯度破骨细胞分离培养与功能表达

目的：获得足量高纯度活性破骨细胞进行破骨细胞生化学和分子生物学研究。方法;利用破骨细胞与I型胶原基质的高亲合力,先用pronase和EDTA作用除去不贴附的造血细胞及结合较疏松的间质细胞,继而用0.01%胶原酶作用进一步除去残留的间质细胞,最后用0.1%胶原酶作用得到高纯度破骨细胞悬液。分离细胞用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色,荧光标记显示细胞骨架,RT-PCR方法检测破骨细胞标志酶基因。结果：胶原基质培养结合酶消化可大大提高破骨细胞纯度,破骨细胞对降钙素反应,并表达MT1-MMP,MMP-9,组织蛋白酶K和TRAP基因mRNA,可产生吸收陷窝。结论：利用兔破骨细胞与I型胶原的亲合力,可获得多量高纯度破骨细胞;并表达特征性基因。     

电离辐射致股骨头坏死早期病理特点和机制的研究

Objective To observe the earlier pathological character and mechanism of radiation osteonecrosis in femoral head, in order to provide evidences for the earlier diagnosis and prevention of radiation osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Single femoral head of rats were irradiated singly with 30 Gy of 137 Cs γ-ray. The rats were executed after 2, 6 and 12 weeks, then the femurs were stained with HE and histopatholngical changes were observed by light microscope. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured after 2 weeks and its proliferation and the colony formation were observed. The rats were endo-perfused with microfili contrast medium 12 weeks later, and the 3-dimensional structure of capillaries by Micro-CT was re-estabhshed to detect the pathological changes of capillaries after irradiation. Result The irradiated femur showed deranged cbondrocyte, decreased osteocyte, shrinking nucleus, increased empty bone lacuna and reduced bone trabocnla (P < 0.05). Micro-CT showed the discontinued small vessels and absence(6.65 %) capillaries in irradiated femur were obviously less than those of the unirradiated (12.3 %)(P < 0.001). The proliferation of BMSCs was slowed, the number of colony in irradiated group (10 %) was less than that of control (21 %) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The preliminary histopathological changes of osteoradionecrosis on femoral head could be increased the empty bone lacuna, and the bone lacuna above 30 % was the sign of the earlier period of osteoradionecrosis. The osteonecrosis of femoral head induced by radiation is not only correlated to the damages to the bone, but also to the damages to BMSCs and capillaries.     

骨质疏松症防治药物的体外细胞药效评价

骨质疏松症已成为人类老年时生活质量下降和寿命缩短的主要原因之一,因而对有效防治骨质疏松症的药物研究是近四分之一世纪以来十分重视的课题。随着细胞实验技术和分子生物学技术的发展,骨质疏松症防治药物的研究在细胞与分子水平阐明了骨质疏松症病理机制的基础上,又...     

膝骨关节炎软骨基质刚度对线粒体形态异质性的影响

目的 研究膝骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)胫骨平台不同区域基质刚度的差异,及其对软骨和线粒体形态的影响。方法 获取OA胫骨平台软骨标本用于纳米压痕测试、透射电镜拍摄以及组织学分析。利用纳米压痕检测OA胫骨平台不同区域软骨基质刚度,通过透射电镜观察不同区域软骨线粒体形态,定量分析线粒体平面面积、形状、嵴体积密度的变化。通过组织学染色观察OA胫骨平台不同区域软骨损伤情况。结果 OA胫骨平台软骨损伤具有区域异质性,内侧胫骨平台软骨和线粒体损伤更重,同时基质刚度更高。OA评分与基质刚度呈正相关。OA评分与线粒体形态之间也有显著的相关性：OA评分越高,线粒体平面面积越大、越圆以及嵴体积密度越低。结论 胫骨平台不同区域的差异揭示了软骨基质刚度、OA评分和线粒体形态学参数之间的相关性,软骨基质刚度增加可能是造成软骨细胞线粒体损伤的主要原因,进而加重了OA进展。     

锦鸡儿有效成分对卵巢摘除大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用

目的　观察天然药物锦鸡儿(Caraganasinica)的有效部位(HUE)对卵巢摘除(ovariectomy ,OVX)诱发大鼠骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的防治作用。方法　应用双侧卵巢摘除方法,建立模拟绝经后大鼠模型。每天给予0 .2 75与0 .5 5 g/kgHUE治疗3个月,并与雌激素药物对照。观察骨量(干重、灰重、钙含量与骨密度)、骨生物力学(股骨三点弯曲载荷)、骨小梁微结构及血ALP、尿Pyd等骨代谢生化指标。结果　HUE各剂量组的骨量、骨生物力学性能及骨小梁形态计量均较OVX对照组明显增高(P <0 .0 5～0 .0 0 1)或有增加趋势;HUE药物组大鼠的子宫重量高于OVX对照组(P <0 .0 1～0 .0 0 1) ,但显著低于雌激素对照组(P <0 .0 0 1) ;血ALP较OVX组呈增加、尿Pyd/Cr较OVX组呈降低趋势。结论　HUE对卵巢摘除大鼠骨质疏松症具有预防作用;对子宫可能具有弱的雌激素样效应。