肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌三维适形放疗中的应用价值

目的：探讨肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung canc-er,NSCLC）三维适形放疗中的应用价值。方法：选择拟行三维适形放疗的Ⅲ期NSCLC患者8例,行PET-CT和肺灌注显像检查,并在治疗计划系统中进行图像融合,用PET-CT勾画大体肿瘤靶区,SPECT确定肺功能区域,通过肺灌注显像所提供的信息优化放疗计划,尽可能减少功能正常肺组织的照射体积剂量,统计分析放疗计划优化前后的肺组织剂量参数变化。结果：放疗计划优化后WLVx和FLVx均有不同程度降低,而FLVx降低程度更加明显。其中WLV10、WLV15、WLV20、WLV25、WLV30和FLV10、FLV15、FLV20、FLV25、FLV30在优化放疗计划前后差异有统计学意义,P值分别为0.001、0.002、0.014、0.046、0.017和0.000、0.000、0.004、0.027、0.023。结论：肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期NSCLC放疗计划优化方面,特别是对于肺灌注缺损明显的患者更有价值。     

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检放射安全性的研究

目的:探讨乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检术(SLNB)的放射安全性。方法:采用热释光剂量计(TLD)检测在SLNB过程中患者乳房注射部位、胸腺、盆腔性腺及医务人员优势手食指、胸腺、盆腔性腺接受的放射线剂量。2006年10月~2007年2月连续检测行乳腺单切+SLNB的乳腺癌患者20例。结果:患者乳房注射部位的吸收剂量最大(4.427±0.241)mSv,显著高于胸腺及盆腔的吸收剂量,P值均为0.000。主刀医生、第一助手、器械护士各部位的核素吸收剂量差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),远远低于我国卫生部确定的放射卫生防护基本标准。依据该标准,术者每年完成约800台SLNB手术在放射安全性方面是安全的。结论:核素法SLNB对患者和医务人员是安全的,不需要进行防护。     

FDG PET-CT标准摄取值用于非小细胞肺癌复发的预测价值

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者治疗前后FDG PET-CT的标准摄取值(SUV)及其变化在预测复发和转移中的作用.方法 48例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者治疗前后均行全身PET-CT检查,并计算出肺部肿瘤病灶感兴趣区的最高标准摄取值(SUVmax),治疗前后SUVmax的变化用ASUV来衡量.结果 最后入组45例,中位随访22.5个月,24例出现局部或区域复发、转移,21例无复发、转移.出现局部或区域复发、转移组治疗前和后SUVmax分别为12.30±3.17和5.35±2.29,无复发、转移组治疗前和后的分别为8.46±3.00和2.82±0.63,前者的SUVmax均高于后者(t前=4.15,P前＜0.01;t后=4.88,P后＜＜0.01).治疗前后SUVmax变化百分率两组间差异无统计学意义(t=1.99,P＞0.05).治疗前SUVmax=9.0时,对复发和转移预测的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为92%、62%、73%、87%;治疗后SUVmax=4.3时,对复发和转移的分别为71%、100%、100%、72%.结论 治疗前后SUVmax高者近期出现复发和转移的可能性较大,可较早预测NSCLC复发的高危人群.NSCLC患者治疗前后SUV值可能是与生存相关的重要预后因素.     

术前淋巴显像在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检中的作用

目的探讨术前淋巴显像在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检（sentinel lymph node biopsy，SLNB）中的作用。方法回顾性分析了716例联合术前淋巴显像与术中1探测仪和蓝染料检测乳腺癌SLNB的结果。结果全组SLNB成功率98．2％（703／716），验证组SLNB的假阴性率16．0％（15／94）。淋巴显像共成功地确定出620例患者（86．6％）的前哨淋巴结（sentinel lymph node，SLN），并在36例患者（5．0％）中发现了腋窝以外的前哨淋巴结。淋巴显像确定SLN的失败率与原发肿瘤的部位、肿瘤的病理类型和注射同位素到显像的时间无显著相关性（均P〉0．05）。注射示踪剂前已进行肿瘤切除活检的患者，其淋巴显像成功率低于未行肿瘤切除活检者；淋巴结转移患者淋巴显像的成功率低于淋巴结阴性患者。术中确定SLN的成功率在术前淋巴显像成功组和失败组之间存在显著的统计学差异（99．5％ vs 91．0％，P〈0．01）。术前淋巴显像是否成功确定SLN与SLNB的假阴性率无显著相关性（P=0．731）。结论乳腺癌SLN术前淋巴显像可以预测术中SLNB的成功率，同时术前淋巴显像有助于确定腋窝以外的SLN，但术前淋巴显像并非乳腺癌SLNB所必需。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像监测胃癌术后复发转移的价值

Objective PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been used to beth detect and stage a variety of malignancies. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for recurrence and metastasis in gastric carcinoma patients after total gastrectomy. Methods A total of 45 gastric carcinoma patients who underwent total gastrectomy were included. PET/CT scans were obtained for restaging. The " gold standard" of 18F-FDG PET/CT diagnostic accuracy was based on either histopathology or clinical follow-up. By using the t-test from SPSS 11.5, the cut-off of maximum standard-ized uptake values (SUVmax) from 18F-FDG to differentiate benign from malignant lesion at stomach were determined and calculated. Results (1) Of the 45 patients, 22 were suspicion recurrent lesion at stomach. Of the 22 patients, 12 were confirmed to have recurrent lesions. The diagnostic accuracy were 100.0% (12/ 12) for sensitivity, 70.0% (7/10) for specificity, and 86.4% (19/22) for accuracy, respectively. A higher SUVmax in malignant than benign lesion was noted (6.27 ± 3.42 vs 3.92 ± 2.24), though not reached to the significance (t = 1. 862, P > 0.05). (2) For extra-gastric lesion detection, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for region lymph nodes were 78.9% (15/19), 92.3% (24/26), and 86.7% (39/ 45), for peritoneal spreading were 6/9, 97.2% (35/36), 91. 1% (41/45), and for distant sites were 86.7%(13/15), 93.3% (28/30), 91.1% (41/45). (3) False positive were found in eight sites. All were either inflammatory or physiological uptake at intestine. False negative were found in nine sites. Either due to small in size (less than 1.0 cm in diameter), well differentiation of the tumor cell or with a nature of signet ring. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT had a potential to detect local, regional, and distant metastasis in gastric cancer.     

18F-脱氧葡萄糖PET-CT检测食管癌病变长度的临床价值

目的 评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET-CT诊断食管癌病变长度的临床价值,并和其他检测方法比较.方法 选择食管癌患者32例,其中胸上段食管癌1例,胸中段22例,胸下段9例.术前分别行食管镜、食管钡餐、CT和FDG PET-CT检查,并检测食管癌原发灶病变位置和长度.1周内行食管癌手术,手术大体标本与检查结果比较.结果 食管钡餐、CT、FDG PET-CT分段与大体标本全部符合,而食管镜检查有2例分段与大体标本不符合.食管镜、食管钡餐、CT、PET-CT所示食管癌病变长度与大体标本的相关系数分别是0.741、0.746、0.870、0.876(P值均为0.000);所示食管癌原发灶长度分别为(3.8±1.4)、(4.1±1.5)、(4.4±1.6)、(5.3±1.9)和(4.7±1.7)cm,4种检查结果与大体标本差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000、0.007、0.025、0.001),病变长度从小到大依次为食管镜、食管钡餐、CT、大体标本、PET-CT.但考虑到标本离体后有一定程度的回缩,实际病变长度与PET-CT最接近.结论 PET-CT较准确的显示食管癌病变实际长度,有一定临床价值.对手术病例,PET-CT可用于指导术者选择食管癌切除的剖胸径路及食管切除长度;对放疗病例,PET-CT有助于指导放疗靶区的精确确定.     

左侧胸壁异常摄取99mTc-MDP一例报告

1　病例报告患者男 ,3 6岁。 1999年 1月 4日因右上颌肿物 5个月在某医院行右上颌次全切除术 ,病理诊断为右上颌软骨肉瘤。术后行局部放疗 ,后继续服用中药治疗 2年。术后每半年复查 1次 (胸部透视等 ) ,均无异常发现。 2个月前出现咳嗽 ,无咳痰及咯血等症状 ,在当地医院诊断为     

18F-FDG PET/CT监测肝癌治疗后复发转移的价值

目的 评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET/CT显像在监测手术切除或肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌后复发残留或转移的价值.方法 24例原发性肝癌患者(肝部分切除术6例、肝移植术3例、TACE治疗15例)治疗后4周～2年行18F-FDG PET/CT检查,结果 经病理,DSA或随访证实.结果 24例患者中21例患者经活检、DSA或随访证实为复发或转移.1 9例可见18F-FDG放射性摄取增高灶,其中5例肝部分切除术后患者,2例复发,3例肝内转移;2例肝移植术后患者1例双侧肾上腺转移,1例肝转移、肺转移和骨转移;12例TACE治疗后患者肿瘤残留.2例TACE治疗后患者肿瘤内放射性分布与邻近非肿瘤的肝实质相近,未见异常增高灶,DSA证实肿瘤残留.3例未见异常放射性摄取增高灶,随访未见复发或转移.肝内转移灶的SUVma×3.4～12.5.18F-FDG PET/CT诊断肝癌治疗后复发转移的灵敏度为90.5%、特异性为100%、准确率为91.7%.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像可有效监测肝癌治疗后疗效,并指导进一步治疗.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像监测胃癌术后复发转移的价值

Objective PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been used to beth detect and stage a variety of malignancies. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for recurrence and metastasis in gastric carcinoma patients after total gastrectomy. Methods A total of 45 gastric carcinoma patients who underwent total gastrectomy were included. PET/CT scans were obtained for restaging. The " gold standard" of 18F-FDG PET/CT diagnostic accuracy was based on either histopathology or clinical follow-up. By using the t-test from SPSS 11.5, the cut-off of maximum standard-ized uptake values (SUVmax) from 18F-FDG to differentiate benign from malignant lesion at stomach were determined and calculated. Results (1) Of the 45 patients, 22 were suspicion recurrent lesion at stomach. Of the 22 patients, 12 were confirmed to have recurrent lesions. The diagnostic accuracy were 100.0% (12/ 12) for sensitivity, 70.0% (7/10) for specificity, and 86.4% (19/22) for accuracy, respectively. A higher SUVmax in malignant than benign lesion was noted (6.27 ± 3.42 vs 3.92 ± 2.24), though not reached to the significance (t = 1. 862, P > 0.05). (2) For extra-gastric lesion detection, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for region lymph nodes were 78.9% (15/19), 92.3% (24/26), and 86.7% (39/ 45), for peritoneal spreading were 6/9, 97.2% (35/36), 91. 1% (41/45), and for distant sites were 86.7%(13/15), 93.3% (28/30), 91.1% (41/45). (3) False positive were found in eight sites. All were either inflammatory or physiological uptake at intestine. False negative were found in nine sites. Either due to small in size (less than 1.0 cm in diameter), well differentiation of the tumor cell or with a nature of signet ring. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT had a potential to detect local, regional, and distant metastasis in gastric cancer.     

核素肝胆显像在婴儿胆汁淤积诊断中的应用

胆汁淤积临床鉴别诊断较为困难 ,我们采用单光子发射计算机断层装置 (ＳＰＥＣＴ)进行99ｍＴｃ -ＥＨＩＤＡ肝胆动态显像 2 0例 ,现报告如下。资料与方法1 临床资料我院自 1993年以来住院及门诊病人共 2 0例 ,男 13例 ,女 7例 ,年龄 2 8天 - 3个半月 ,平均为 2 3月 ,表现为皮肤粘膜黄染 ,大便黄白或灰白色 ,肝肋下 2 .5 - 4.0ｃｍ不等 ,血总胆红素 86 - 2 6 5 .4μｍｏｌ/Ｌ ,直接胆红素 44 .8- 148μｍｏｌ/Ｌ ,谷丙转氨酶升高 16例 ,为 5 0 - 174ｕ/Ｌ。Ｂ超示胆总管中下段探查不清 4例 ,胆囊不显影 1例 ,肝实质回声增加 4例。2 方法患…