流体剪切力作用下无间隙连接成骨细胞阵列内的钙响应

目的 研究间隙连接和ATP在力致胞间钙传递过程中各自的作用。方法 首先应用微模式化方法建立无间隙连接的成骨细胞阵列,再利用流动腔对细胞施加流体剪切力,观察并分析细胞的钙响应特征参数。结果 细胞间无物理连接时,仍会出现多个钙响应峰,但第1峰的响应时间与有间隙连接时相比明显加长。除去胞外或胞内钙时,只有约40%的细胞发生钙响应,且单峰与多峰约各占一半。阻断胞外ATP通路后,只有约20%的细胞有钙响应,且大多为单峰。结论 细胞间的间隙连接不存在时,ATP是介导细胞间钙传递的主要途径,说明间隙连接不是细胞间力致钙响应的必需途径。     

久等的母亲

母亲真的老了,变得孩子般缠人.每次打电话来,还没说两句话,就满怀热诚地问:“你什么时候能回来?”且不说相隔一千多里路,要倒三次车.光是工作、孩子已经让我分身无术,哪里还抽得出时间回家.母亲的耳朵不好,我解释了半天之后,她仍旧热切地问:“你刚才说星期几回来?你再说一遍.”     

血必净注射液对人鼻咽癌细胞生物学行为的影响

目的 目前临床应用血必净注射液治疗急性放射性炎症反应取得了良好的疗效,但血必净注射液是否会影响肿瘤的生长和发展,此问题目前罕见报道.本实验探讨了血必净注射液对人鼻咽癌HNE-2细胞生物学行为的影响,为临床应用奠定基础.方法 应用不同浓度(0、0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00、1.25 mg/mL)血必净注射液刺激鼻咽癌细胞HNE-2,四甲基偶氮唑蓝[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide,MTT]实验检测鼻咽癌细胞的生长增殖;应用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及细胞周期;应用Transwell实验及蛋白质印迹法检测检测血必净注射液对鼻咽癌细胞侵袭、转移的影响及上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关蛋白的表达.在裸鼠移植瘤模型中观察对照组、血必净组、放疗组、放疗+血必净组荷瘤鼠肿瘤生长曲线.结果 MTT实验显示,小剂量血必净刺激鼻咽癌细胞生长,但随浓度的增加,血必净注射液对鼻咽癌细胞增殖的抑制作用逐渐增强.空白对照组吸光度值为1.012±0.069,血必净0.25 mg/mL组为1.034±0.061,0.50 mg/mL组为0.974±0.077,0.75 mg/mL组为0.806±0.103,1.00 mg/mL组为0.656±0.098,1.25 mg/mL组为0.626±0.017,F=28.353,P＜0.001.凋亡实验显示,血必净处理20 h,空白对照组细胞凋亡率为(3.97±0.13)％,血必净0.25 mg/mL组为(8.79±0.36)％,0.50 mg/mL组为(16.07±0.52)％,0.75 mg/mL组为(25.60±0.57)％,1.0 mg/mL组为(26.93±0.74)％,1.25 mg/mL组为(30.84±0.69)％,F=1 167.35,P＜0.001;血必净处理40 h,空白对照组细胞凋亡率为(5.58±0.31)％,血必净0.25 mg/mL组为(7.42±0.23)％,0.50 mg/mL组为(9.30±0.08)％,0.75 mg/mL组为(10.02±0.39)％,1.00 mg/mL组为(12.6±0.31)％,1.25 mg/mL组为(13.65±0.35)％,F=311.28,P＜0.001.随着血必净浓度增大,细胞凋亡率增加.鼻咽癌荷瘤动物模型实验显示,血必净注射液可以抑制鼻咽癌移植瘤的生长,与放疗有协同作用.单独应用血必净注射液对鼻咽癌细胞的细胞周期无明显影响,可抑制EMT相关蛋白的表达和细胞的运动.Transwell实验结果显示,空白对照组细胞穿孔数为120.50±8.35,血必净0.25 mg/mL组为94.5±2.08,0.50 mg/mL组为85.00±2.58,0.75 mg/mL组为77.25±2.21,1.00 mg/mL组为74.00±4.83,1.25 mg/mL组为61.75±1.71,F=88.873,P＜0.001.结论 血必净注射液对人鼻咽癌细胞的细胞周期无明显影响,但对细胞增殖和移植瘤生长,以及细胞运动有一定抑制作用,具有潜在的放疗增敏作用.     

氟脱氧葡萄糖PET-CT常规及双时相显像检测食管癌术后复发转移的价值

目的 评价氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET-CT常规及双时相显像在监测食管癌术后复发转移中的应用价值.方法 回顾分析食管癌术后临床怀疑复发转移而行FDG PET-CT检查的48例患者临床资料,根据细胞学、病理或随访结果分析FDG PET-CT检查结果.两样本率比较采用Fisher's精确概率法检验.结果 48例患者中位随访21.5个月,34例出现复发转移,确定复发转移灶61处.FDG PET-CT常规显像对全部病灶诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为93.44%、74.29%和86.46%;对局部复发和区域淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为91.67%、57.14%、78.95%和90.48%、77.78%、84.62%.FDG PET-CT双时相显像诊断局部复发+区域淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、准确性均高于常规显像,分别为96.97%∶90.90%(P=0.613)、96.00%∶72.00%(P=0.049)、96.55%∶82.76%(P=0.029).结论 FDG PET-CT常规显像虽然检测食管癌术后局部复发及区域淋巴结转移的特异性和准确性较低,但仍是检测其术后复发转移的有效手段;双时相显像较常规显像更具优势,可有效提高检测的特异性及准确性.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of regular and dual-time-point 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT(FDG PET/CT)imaging for recurrence and metastasis in esophageal carcinoma(EC)after curative esophagectomy. Methods A retrospective study was done on 48 patients received curative esophagectomy, who underwent FDG PET/CT scans to detect doubtful recurrent or metastatic lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET-CT was assessed with the help of pathological findings as well as clinical or follow-up data. Using Fisher's Exact Test from SPSS 11.5 to analyze the data.Results Of the 48 patients, after a median follow-up of 21.5 months, 61 sites of local and regional recurrence or metastasis were finally confirmed in 34 patients. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of regular FDG PET/CT imaging in detecting recurrence of all sites were 93.44%, 74.29% and 86.46%respectively. The specificity and accuracy of local recurrence and regional metastasis were 57.14% ,78.95% and 77.78% ,84.62%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of dual-time-point FDG PET/ CT imaging in detecting local and regional recurrence(96.97% ,96.00% and 96.55%)were higher than those of regular FDG PET/CT(90.90%, 72.00% and 82.76%)and there were significant differences of specificity and accuracy(P = 0.049, P = 0.029). Conclusions Regular FDG PET/CT imaging is highly effective in detecting recurrence and metastasis in EC patients after curative esophagectomy despite the low specificity and accuracy. Dual-time-point FDG PET/CT imaging can elevate the specificity and accuracy.     

FDG PET-CT标准摄取值用于非小细胞肺癌复发的预测价值

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者治疗前后FDG PET-CT的标准摄取值(SUV)及其变化在预测复发和转移中的作用.方法 48例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者治疗前后均行全身PET-CT检查,并计算出肺部肿瘤病灶感兴趣区的最高标准摄取值(SUVmax),治疗前后SUVmax的变化用ASUV来衡量.结果 最后入组45例,中位随访22.5个月,24例出现局部或区域复发、转移,21例无复发、转移.出现局部或区域复发、转移组治疗前和后SUVmax分别为12.30±3.17和5.35±2.29,无复发、转移组治疗前和后的分别为8.46±3.00和2.82±0.63,前者的SUVmax均高于后者(t前=4.15,P前＜0.01;t后=4.88,P后＜＜0.01).治疗前后SUVmax变化百分率两组间差异无统计学意义(t=1.99,P＞0.05).治疗前SUVmax=9.0时,对复发和转移预测的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为92%、62%、73%、87%;治疗后SUVmax=4.3时,对复发和转移的分别为71%、100%、100%、72%.结论 治疗前后SUVmax高者近期出现复发和转移的可能性较大,可较早预测NSCLC复发的高危人群.NSCLC患者治疗前后SUV值可能是与生存相关的重要预后因素.     

非小细胞肺癌99Tcm-HL91 SPECT乏氧显像中HL91摄取程度与乏氧诱导因子1α和血管内皮生长因子表达的关系

目的 探讨99Tcm-4,9-二氮-3,3,10,10-四甲基十二烷-2,11-二酮肟(99Tcm-HL91)单光子发射计算机断层显像(SPECT)乏氧显像T/N比值与非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中乏氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的关系,以及HIF-1α的表达与肿瘤生物学行为的相关性.方法 20例NSCLC患者于根治性手术治疗前1～2 d行99Tcm-HL91单光子发射计算机断层显像(SPECT)检查,采集注射740 MBq99Tcm-HL91后2、4和6 h的前后位及侧位图像,利用感兴趣区(ROI)技术分别勾画显像阳性患者各时相肿瘤(T)和对侧相应部位(N)ROI,计算T/N比值.术后取肿瘤组织,采用免疫组化法检测HIF-1α和VEGF的表达.结果 20例NSCLC患者中,1例类癌患者99Tcm-HL91 SPECT乏氧显像阴性,其余患者显像均为阳性.免疫组化检测结果 显示,HIF-1α阳性表达13例,VEGF阳性表达15例.99Tcm-HL91显像T/N比值与NSCLC组织中HIF-1α的表达有关(P=0.046),而与VEGF的表达无关(P=0.961),HIF-1α表达与VEGF表达呈正相关(rs=0.494,P=0.027).NSCLC组织中HIF-1α的表达强度与NSCLC有无淋巴结转移有关(P=0.02),而VEGF表达与NSCLC有无淋巴结转移无关(P=0.10);在不同组织病理类型间,VEGF和HIF-1α的表达差异无统计学意义(P=0.67,P=0.81);HIF-1α和VEGF的表达强度随临床分期增高而增强(P=0.03,P=0.01).结论 99Tcm-HL91摄取程度与NSCLC组织中HIF-1α的表达有关,HIF-1α表达率与VEGF表达呈正相关.NSCLC组织中,HIF-1α的表达随临床分期增高而增强.     

18F-FDG PET-CT与肿瘤标志检测对肺癌诊断价值的分析

目的:分析18F-FDG PET-CT和肿瘤标志对肺癌的诊断价值及SUVmax与临床病理参数的关系.方法:选取152例可疑肺癌的初治患者,治疗前分别行18F-FDG PET-CT及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和细胞角蛋白片段(CYFRA21-1)检查,以细胞学或病理学结果为金标准分析18F-FDG PET-CT和肿瘤标志的诊断价值.结果:152例患者中,肺癌患者134例.18F-FDG PET-CT诊断肺癌的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为96.27%、61.11%和92.11%;肿瘤标志的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为87.31%、55.56%和81.41%,两者比较P值分别为0.008、1.000和0.024.在134例肺癌患者中,初步统计显示SUVmax与原发肿瘤大小有相关性(r=0.548, P=0.000),SUVmax在不同病理类型之间差异无统计学意义,P=0.085,SUVmax与各肿瘤标志值无相关性.结论:SUVmax在一定程度上反映原发病灶大小,18F-FDG PET-CT检查对肺癌诊断是一种灵敏可靠的方法,联合肿瘤标志综合分析能提高肺癌诊断的准确性,减少漏诊或误诊率.     

18F-FDGPET—CT诊断NSCLC骨转移中的应用价值

目的评价18F—FDGPET—CT在检测NSCLC骨转移中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析18F-FDGPET．CT扫描的NSCLC患者362例,按颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、骶尾椎、骨盆、肩胛骨和锁骨、长骨、胸骨、肋骨及颅骨将机体骨骼分为10个区域,比较同机CT、PET及PET—CT诊断骨转移的敏感性、特异性及准确率。结果共有82例患者的331个区域被确诊为骨转移。PET—CT诊断NSCLC患者骨转移的敏感性、特异性和准确率分别为93．9％,98．9％和97．8％,高于同机CT和PET的74．4％,90．7％,87．0％和84．1％,93．2％,91．2％（P均〈0．05）。PET—CT诊断病灶骨转移的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为98．8％、98．6％和98．7％,显著高于同机CT的79．5％、87．9％、84．5％和PET的94．3％、89．2％、91．2％,P均〈0．05。结论18F-FDGPET—CT在诊断NSCLC骨转移中优于同机CT和18F—FDGPET,对NSCLC的临床分期及治疗计划确定具有重要价值。     

Clinical applications of FDG PET/CT in carcinoma of unknown primary

Background Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) encompasses a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying clinical features. The management of patients of CUP remains a clinical challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical applications of integrated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) information in patients with CUP, including detecting the occult primary tumor and effecting on disease therapy. Methods One hundred and forty-nine patients with histologically-proven metastases of CUP were included. For all patients, the conventional diagnostic work-up was unsuccessful in localizing the primary site. Whole-body PET/CT images were obtained approximately 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 350-425 MBq of 18F-FDG. Results In 24.8% of patients, FDG PET/CT detected primary tumors that were not apparent after conventional workup. In this group of patients, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of FDG PET/CT in detecting unknown primary tumors were 86%, 87.7%, and 87.2%, respectively. FDG PET/CT imaging also led to the detection of previously unrecognized metastases in 29.5% of patients. Forty-seven (31.5%, 47 of 149) patients underwent a change in therapeutic management. Conclusions FDG PET/CT is a valuable tool in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary, because it assistsed in detecting unknown primary tumors and previously unrecognized distant metastases, and optimized the mangement of these patient.