睾丸外(异位)精原细胞瘤的治疗及预后

1 临床资料 1980 年 6 月 ~ 2000 年 6 月共收治男性性腺细胞肿瘤 60 例,其中睾丸胚胎类肿瘤 7 例(11 6%);精原细胞瘤 53 例(88 4%).精原细胞瘤发生在睾丸组织者 47 例(47/53,88 7%),发生在睾丸外者 6 例(6/53,11 3%),经查6 例异位精原细胞瘤患者,双侧睾丸均正常.睾丸外精原细胞瘤发生在腹膜后者 4 例,发生在前纵隔者 2 例.6 例均行术后区域性常规照射 DT35~ 45 Gy;Ⅰ期者仅行术后放疗,Ⅱ期以上者放疗后合并化疗 4 个周期.     

磁共振灌注成像在脑胶质瘤中的应用与评价

目的 :评价磁共振 (MR)灌注成像在脑胶质瘤病理分级诊断中的价值。　方法 :对 2 8例脑胶质瘤患者术前行MR灌注成像 ,采用GRE EPI序列 ,重建相对脑血容量 (rCBV)彩图后 ,以肿瘤对侧对应部位和对侧正常脑白质为参照 ,分别计算出肿瘤最大rCBV1及rCBV2 ,并与病理学分级进行对照分析。　结果 :低、高度恶性胶质瘤的最大rCBV1值分别为 1.38± 0 .36和 4 .32± 3.4 1,最大rCBV2值分别为 2 .83± 0 .76和 9.71± 6 .2 3;低、高度恶性胶质瘤的rCBV1或rCBV2值与病理分级之间差异均有显著性意义。另外 ,rCBV1、rCBV2间有高度相关性 (r =0 .736 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。　结论 :MR灌注成像对脑胶质瘤的术前分级诊断有重要价值。     

因特网上国内医学搜索引擎介绍

医学搜索引擎与通用搜索引擎的区别之处在于,通用搜索引擎提供的是包罗万象的查询,而医学搜索引擎只能在医学领域里进行查询.虽然后者的范围大大缩小,但对有明确目的的用户来说,反而能集中优势兵力,快而准确地查找到自己所需要的资料.下面简要介绍部分国内比较著名的医学搜索引擎.     

网络环境下图书馆读者服务的新特色

现代信息技术的发展改变了读者获取信息的方式,图书馆读者服务工作呈现出新特色.探讨这一特色,对做好网络环境下的读者工作,具有重要意义.     

RP-HPLC法测定转基因贯叶连翘植株中褪黑素

目的 建立测定褪黑素的反相高效液相色谱紫外分析方法，分析并测定通过组培获得的贯叶连翘不同转基因株系及其亲本植株的褪黑素。方法 以Symmetry C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm，5.0 μm)为色谱柱；100 mmol乙酸铵甲醇(80∶20)为流动相，体积流量为0.8 mL/min；检测波长为265.8 nm，灵敏度为2.00 AUFS。结果 褪黑素浓度在20～500 ng/mL线性关系良好(R2=0.999 2)，平均加样回收率为98.09%(n=6)，RSD为2.21%，最小检出量为1.0 ng/mL。褪黑素峰保留时间约为8.8 min。结论 该方法可以简便准确分析不同株系贯叶连翘中的褪黑激素的量；贯叶连翘YXu55(含庆大霉素抗性标记和AANAT-HIOMT基因)转基因株系的褪黑素的量均高于pZP122(仅含庆大霉素抗性标记，不含AANAT-HIOMT基因的空白质粒)转基因株系和未转基因的对照植株；而pZP122转基因株系褪黑素的量跟未转基因的对照植株的量几乎相等。     

双能量CT头颅血管成像的影像质量、辐射剂量及初步临床应用

Objective To assess the clinical value of dual-energy intracranial CT angiography (CTA).Methods Forty-one patients suspected of intracranial vascular diseases underwent dual-energy intracranial CT angiography, and 41 patients who underwent conventional subtraction CT were enrolled as the control group.Image quality of intracranial and skull base vessels and radiation dose between dual-energy CTA and conventional subtraction CTA were compared using two independent sample nonparametrie test and independent-samples t test, respectively.Prevalence and size of lesions detected by dual-energy CTA and digital subtraction CTA were compared using paired-samples t test and Spearman correlative analysis. Results The percentage of image quality scored 5 was 70.7% (29/41) for dual-energy CTA and 75.6% (31/41) for conventional subtraction CTA.There was no significant difference between the two groups(Z= -0.455, P=0.650).Image quality of vessels at the skull base in conventional subtraction CTA was superior to that in dual-energy CTA, especially for the petrosal and syphon segment (Z=-4.087, P= 0.000).Radiation exposure of dual energy CTA and conventional CTA were (396.54±17.43) and (1090.95±114.29) mGy · cm respectively.Radiation exposure was decreased by 64% (t=-38.52, P=0.000) by dual energy CTA compared with conventional subtraction CTA.Out of the 41 patients,19 patients were diagnosed as intracranial aneurysm, 2 patients as arteriovenous malformation (AVM), 3 patients with Moya-moya's disease, and the remaining 17 patients with negative results.Nine patients with intracranial aneurysm, 2 patients with AVM, 3 patients with Moya-moya's disease, and 2 patients with negative findings underwent DSA or operation, with concordant findings from both techniques.Diameter of aneurysm neck, long axis and minor axis by dual-energy CTA was (2.90±1.61), (5.23±1.68) and (3.83±1.69) nun, respectively; Diameter of aneurysm neck, long axis and minor axis by DSA was (2.95±1.71), (5.10±1.60) ,(3.83±1.65) nan,respectively.There was no significant difference for the diameters of aneurysm between dual energy CTA and DSA ((t=-0.734,1.936,0.12.5 respectively, P=0.482,0.085,0.903 respectively), and good correlation was found between diameter measurements using the two techniques(r=0.964,0.976,0.973, respectively, all P=0.000) Conclusions Compared with conventional subtraction CTA, dual energy CTA has good image quality for intracranial vessels; however, image quality of the skull base vessels is worse, especially for the petrosal and syphon segment.Dual energy CTA has decreased radiation dose and a high diagnostic accuracy, being a practical imaging madality for diagnosis of intracranial vascular lesions.     

实时在线咨询系统的功能与设计

结合国外图书馆网上实时参考咨询服务的研究与试验情况,详细阐述和分析了基于实时的虚拟参考咨询系统的功能和设计策略.     

基于功能连接的逻辑计算认知任务脑默认功能网络的研究

目前功能连通(functional connectivity)已经发展为功能磁共振(functional MRI)研究脑认知活动的一个重要方法。我们采用时间相关方法,选取后扣带回(posterior cingulated cortex,PCC)为感兴趣区(regions ofinterest,ROI),提取ROI所有体素的平均时间信号,并与其他脑区血氧依赖的磁共振(BOLD)信号进行相关,同时去除全局效应和头动误差,对14例志愿者的计算和静息数据进行组内分析和组间分析,研究逻辑计算任务下默认网络(default mode network)改变情况。结果表明默认网络受到抑制,各脑区信号改变不一致,可能是由于逻辑计算状态下各脑区BOLD信号变化不同,与PCC时间相关性发生改变所致。     

检测痰脱落细胞p16基因甲基化对周围型肺癌的诊断价值

目的　探讨检测痰脱落细胞p16基因甲基化对周围型肺癌的诊断价值。方法　应用甲基化特异性PCR(methylation specificPCR ,MSP)对 5 0例周围型肺结节患者及 2 0例正常人痰脱落细胞p16基因甲基化改变进行检测 ,将检测结果与术后病理报告相对照。结果　周围型肺癌痰脱落细胞 p16MSP阳性率( 2 7/ 44 ,61.4%)明显高于良性周围型肺结节 ( 1/ 6,16.7%)及正常人 ( 3 / 2 0 ,15 .0 %) ( χ2 值分别为 4.2 81和11.869,P <0 .0 5 ) ,良性周围型肺结节 p16MSP阳性率与正常人无显著性差异 ( χ2 =0 .13 6,P >0 .0 5 )。鳞癌和腺癌患者痰脱落细胞 p16MSP阳性率无显著性差异 ( χ2 =3 .416,P >0 .0 5 )。如果以痰脱落细胞 p16MSP阳性作为判断肺结节恶性的标准 ,其诊断周围型肺癌的阳性预测值为 96.4%,阴性预测值 2 2 .7%,灵敏度 61.4%,特异度 83 .0 %。结论　检测痰脱落细胞 p16基因甲基化对周围型肺癌具有辅助诊断价值     

纵隔镜检查术在胸部疾病中的诊断价值(附127例临床分析)

共施行纵隔镜检查术１２７例，诊断符合率达８７％。纵隔镜检查术对某些累及纵隔淋巴结的疾病或紧邻纵隔的胸部疾病是一种有效的检查方法，尤其适合诊断不明之单纯纵隔淋巴结肿大者。对肺癌伴有纵隔淋巴结肿大或纵隔肿瘤者可选择应用