李辅仁治疗老年脑部疾患的经验

治疗脑出血,急症抢救期先以安宫牛黄丸之类芳香开窍醒脑,并予以止血,待神志清醒,血压稳定后,再施以补气活血、化瘀通络、平肝潜阳之法,脑血栓亦先开窍醒脑,后用自拟安脑化瘀汤以安脑通络、活血化瘀治之;老年性痴呆则以滋补肝肾、填精健脑为主,佐平肝活血、醒脑开窍为辅,药用自拟醒脑复聪汤;蛛网膜下腔出血以清脑醒神、镇痉熄风为治,药用自拟清脑熄风汤。     

Ultrastructural morphology of early cellular changes in the synovium of primary synovial chondromatosis.

Synovial tissues taken from 13 cases of synovial chondromatosis (SC) were examined by light and electron microscopy. In three of the 13 cases, early cellular changes were observed by electron microscopy. Most of the foci were independently situated within an accumulation of fine, homogenous chondroid matrix in the sublining area of the synovium. Basal laminalike material was observed in these cells. Because this material was not apparent in the mature cartilage cells, the authors postulate that the basilaminar material affects cellular cytodifferentiation in SC during the initial phase of the disease. Ultrastructurally, these cells are morphologically similar to myofibroblasts. However, proliferation of paravascular cells with distinct basal laminae and activated secretory abilities was observed around some of the vessels. These paravascular cells may be the precursor cells of the prechondroblastic cells with basal laminalike material seen in SC.     

医科院校师生对考试现状看法的调查与分析

医科院校的考试主要是学科考试。调查显示，教师和学生对目前的学科考试模式评价均不高，存在的最主要弊端是考试方法单一，考试管理不够科学、严谨，考风不好；认为作弊的主要原因在于学生自己学习不努力、社会风气影响以及学校对教师和学生要求不够严格。因此，要搞好考试改革，提高考试质量，必须着重从改革考试方法、加强考试管理的改革与研究、整顿考风、制定科学的成绩评定方法、加强能力考核、实施教考分离等方面进行探索与实践。     

中国南方六省各民族体质特征及相互关系的研究

应用多元分析法对中国南方２６个民族组的体质特征进行分析比较。南方中国人显示出面貌头型比例适中，但绝对值较小，身体较瘦小的基本特点。面部轮廓因子、头部形态因子和体型因子是区分他们体质特征的简便而主要的因素。     

Brain D1 dopamine receptor in alloxan-induced diabetes.

Specific binding of [3H]SCH 23390 to dopamine D1 receptors in the striatum and olfactory tubercle in 14-day alloxan-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The Scatchard analysis revealed decreased D1 receptor density in the striatum (Bmax values were 548 +/- 23 fmol/mg protein for the control and 466 +/- 33 fmol/mg for the diabetic rats). No change was observed in the olfactory tubercle (Bmax; 299 +/- 27 fmol/mg for the control and 317 +/- 32 fmol/mg for the diabetic rats). Thus, specific binding of [3H]SCH 23390 to striatal and olfactory tubercle membranes showed region-specific changes of brain dopamine D1 receptors in alloxan diabetic rats.     

胃癌高发区酸煎饼汁真菌菌相,致突变性及亚硝胺含量

Sour corn-soybean cake is the main food of the inhabitants in high incidence area of stomach cancer in Linqu county Shandong province. In the extract of the sour corn-soybean cakes, twelve mycotoxin-producing fungi and 3 N-nitrosamines (NDMA, NDEA, NMEA) were detected and the finding rates of the fungi and the N-nitrosamines were 93.3% and 92.3%, respectively; the concentration of NDMA was 0.4-3.8 ng/ml, NDEA 0.2-8.1 ng/ml, and NMEA 0.3-1.4 ng/ml. The positivity rate of the Ames test (most positive materials were direct mutagens) was 44.12%. The experimental results showed that the extract of the sour corn-soybean cakes containing carcinogenic and mutagenic subjects could have some causal relationship with the incidence of stomach cancer.     

原位杂交法检测卵巢上皮癌中诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA

目的 :研究卵巢上皮性癌诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)的转录水平。方法 :原位杂交法检测 71例卵巢上皮性癌 ,13例卵巢良性肿瘤及 11例正常卵巢组织中iNOSmRNA表达水平。结果 :卵巢上皮性癌中iNOSmRNA高于正常卵巢组织和卵巢良性肿瘤 ,P<0 .0 5。但卵巢上皮性癌Ⅲ ,Ⅳ期与Ⅰ ,Ⅱ期比较无显著差异 ,P>0 .0 5。分化程度比较 ,中、低分化组明显高于高分化组 ,但中、低分化组织间差异无显著性。结论 :诱导型一氧化氮合酶转录水平的升高 ,是引起诱导型一氧化氮合酶水平升高的主要原因 ,在卵巢上皮性癌发生、发展中发挥一定作用     

The Excimer laser. II. Initial experiences with the Excimer laser in Lucerne]

In the period between September 1990 and July 1991, 35 patients (46 eyes) were treated with the Excimer Laser. In 25 patients (34 eyes), a Myopia-Laser-Shaping was performed, one patient was treated for both myopia and astigmatism. In eight patients (10 eyes) correction of astigmatism was carried out. Two patients with recurrent erosions and one patient with superficial scarring of the cornea were treated. The authors review their initial experience with the Excimer Laser. The decision to initiate treatment must not be undertaken lightly, because the possibility of serious complications may not be neglected. This method shows promise in selected patients with light to medium degrees of myopia. In cases of severe myopia, our experience is encouraging. Subjectively, the patients are satisfied with the results, which do not fall short of their expectations. Further research and clinical experience in this area is urgently required.     

Intracorneal hemorrhage secondary to aphakic contact lens wear.

Two cases of intracorneal hemorrhage developing as a complication of aphakic contact lens use are reported. Patient 1 had a penetrating keratoplasty to restore vision and therefore the histologic examination could be performed on the corneal button. In patient 2 the contact lens use was discontinued with partial resolution of the intracorneal hemorrhage and the patient then underwent a secondary intraocular lens implantation with good visual results.     

Influence of limonene and laurocapram on percutaneous absorption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The promoting effect of cyclic monoterpenes, 1% limonene (CAS 5989-27-5) and 1% cineole (CAS 470-82-6), on percutaneous absorption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was investigated in the rats. Compared with 1% laurocapram, drug absorption from the gel ointments was significantly more enhanced by addition of 1% limonene, while without any enhancer only ibuprofen penetrated across the skin in the limited amount. When using formulation with propylene glycol or 50% propylene glycolethanol solution, instead of carboxyvinyl polymer gel, percutaneous absorption significantly decreased and neither limonene nor cineole or laurocapram were capale to promote percutaneous absorption of flufenamic acid to sufficient serum level. Cineole and limonene were also evaluated in permeation experiments in vitro. Enhancement ability of limonene in the gel oinment was approximately 5 times higher comparing with enhancement ratio of cineole, while in 100% propylene glycol enhancement ability of both cyclic monoterpenes was equal. Good correlation was observed between in vivo and in vitro experiments. Evaluation of solubility proved that in the gel ointment simulated as water-ethanol solution were relatively best condition for percutaneous absorption of flufenamic acid when comparing with propylene glycol or 50% propylene glycol-ethanol solution.