氟比洛芬酯联合纳布啡对全身麻醉下成人扁桃体切除术后镇痛效果观察

目的探讨全身麻醉下成人扁桃体切除术后应用氟比洛芬酯联合纳布啡镇痛效果。方法选取 2017年 8月至 2018年 8月武汉大学人民医院东院择期在全身麻醉下行扁桃体切除术并要求术后镇痛的扁桃体肥大病人 120例,采用随机数字表法分为三组,氟比洛芬酯( F)组、纳布啡( N)组和氟比洛芬酯联合纳布啡( FN)组,每组 40例。 F组手术结束前静脉注射氟比洛芬酯 50 mg,接镇痛泵氟比洛芬酯 150 mg+托烷司琼 10 mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液,配制成 100 mL溶液。 N组手术结束前静脉注射纳布啡 10 mg,接镇痛泵纳布啡 60 mg+托烷司琼 10 mg+0.9%氯化钠溶液,配制成 100 mL溶液。 FN组手术结束前静脉注射地塞米松 10 mg,接镇痛泵氟比洛芬酯 100 mg+纳布啡 40 mg+托烷司琼 10 mg,配制成 100 mL溶液。三组均采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)对术后 1、3、6、9、12、24、36 h的疼痛进行评分,采用 Ramsay评分对术后 1、3、6、9、12、24、36 h的镇静进行评分;记录三组 8、12、24 h静脉自控镇痛( PCIA)给药次数超过 5次的病例数;比较三组术后镇痛满意度;记录三组术后镇痛期间不良反应发生情况。结果三组均能达到良好的镇痛、镇静效果, FN组静息时各时间点 VAS疼痛评分高于 F组( P＜0.05)N组静息时各时间点 VAS疼痛评分与 F组比较,差异无统计学意义( P＞0.05); F组和 N组术后各时间点 Ramsay镇静评分比较差,异无统计学意义( P＞0.05)术后 3、6、24、36 h FN组 Ramsay镇静评分高于 F组和 N组,差异有统计学意义( P＜0.05);镇痛满意度评价满意者 FN组( 38例),高于 F组( 30例)(P＜0.05);术后恶心呕吐、头晕头痛、皮肤瘙痒、尿潴留发生率 FN组分别为 2、1、0、1例,明显低于 F组(4、4、4、4例)(P＜0.05);呼吸抑制发生率 FN组(2例)低于 F组(5例)(P＜0.05);烦躁发生率 FN组(1例)低于 F组(2例)和 N组(2例)(P＜0.05)。结论氟比洛芬酯联合纳布啡在成人扁桃体切除术后镇痛方面有显著效果,且较为安全。     

探讨hsCRP和CRP的检测在儿科感染性疾病诊断中的应用

目的:探讨超敏C-反应蛋白(hsCRP)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)的检测在儿科感染性疾病中的临床应用。方法:选取本院135例儿科感染性疾病患儿(其中细菌感染组80例,病毒感染组55例)作为研究对象,并随即抽取同期健康儿童60例作为对照组,测定全血hsCRP和CRP,并进行相关的统计学分析。结果:细菌感染组全血hsCRP和CRP明显高于病毒感染组和正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论:检测患儿全血hsCRP和CRP水平有助于儿科感染性疾病的早期鉴别诊断和临床治疗。     

地佐辛与舒芬太尼用于术后静脉自控镇痛临床效果的Meta分析

目的系统评价地佐辛和舒芬太尼用于术后静脉自控镇痛的效果和安全性。方法检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE、中国知网、CBM和VIP中从建库到2014年1月发表的关于地佐辛和舒芬太尼用于PCIA的随机对照试验。提取资料并对纳入研究的质量进行严格评价,对符合标准的文献进行分析。结果共纳入15篇RCT 920例患者。Meta分析结果显示,有效性:视觉模糊评分法(VAS)疼痛评分术后1 h地佐辛组低于舒芬太尼组[MD=-0.1,95%CI(-0.16~-0.04)],差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);不良反应:术后地佐辛组恶心呕吐、嗜睡、呼吸抑制、皮肤瘙痒、尿潴留的发生率均低于舒芬太尼组,差异均有统计学意义[OR(95%CI)分别为0.22(0.14~0.34)、0.15(0.07~0.32)、0.14(0.05~0.45)、0.10(0.03~0.31)、0.42(0.18~0.95)]。结论现有临床证据表明,地佐辛和舒芬太尼用于PCIA均可获得满意的效果,而地佐辛较舒芬太尼的不良反应少,安全性高。但系统评价纳入的随机对照临床试验均属低质量文献,因此仍需大样本、多中心、高质量的RCT进一步论证。     

参附注射液对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时PTEN和P13 K表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenfu injectio (SFI) on the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in diabetic rats.Methods Thirty adult male diabetic SD rats weighing 220-280 g were used in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin 60 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II IR and group Ⅲ SFI. Myocardial IR was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion in group IR and SFI. LAD was exposed but not occluded in group S.SFI was infused iv at 10 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 before opening the thoracic cavity and at 3ml·kg-1·h-1 after opening the thoracic cavity in group SFI until the end of operation. Equal volume of Lactated Ringer's solution and hydroxyethyl starch was infused instead of SFI in group S and IR. The rats were killed and hearts removed at 120 min of reperfusion for microscopic examination and determination of cardiomyocyte apoptosis (by TUNEL)and expression of PTEN and PDK (by immunohistochemical method). PTEN/PI3K ratio, myocardial infarct size of left ventricle and apoptosis index were calculated.Correlation between apoptosis index and PTEN/PI3K ratio was analyzed. Results Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly increased, while expression of PTEN and PI3K was up-regulated in group IR and SFI as compared with group S ( P < 0.05 or 0.01) . PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group S (P< 0.05). Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly decreased, PTEN expression was down-regulated, PI3K expression was up-regulated and PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group IR( P < 0.05) . Myocardial pathological damage was attenuated in group SFI as compared with group IR. Apoptosis index was positively correlated to PTEN/PI3K ratio (r =0.452,P <0.05) .Conclusion SFI can attenuate myocardial IR injury via down-regulating the expression of PTEN,up-regulating the expression of PBK and activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway in diabetic rats.     

参附注射液对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时PTEN和P13 K表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenfu injectio (SFI) on the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in diabetic rats.Methods Thirty adult male diabetic SD rats weighing 220-280 g were used in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin 60 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II IR and group Ⅲ SFI. Myocardial IR was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion in group IR and SFI. LAD was exposed but not occluded in group S.SFI was infused iv at 10 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 before opening the thoracic cavity and at 3ml·kg-1·h-1 after opening the thoracic cavity in group SFI until the end of operation. Equal volume of Lactated Ringer's solution and hydroxyethyl starch was infused instead of SFI in group S and IR. The rats were killed and hearts removed at 120 min of reperfusion for microscopic examination and determination of cardiomyocyte apoptosis (by TUNEL)and expression of PTEN and PDK (by immunohistochemical method). PTEN/PI3K ratio, myocardial infarct size of left ventricle and apoptosis index were calculated.Correlation between apoptosis index and PTEN/PI3K ratio was analyzed. Results Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly increased, while expression of PTEN and PI3K was up-regulated in group IR and SFI as compared with group S ( P < 0.05 or 0.01) . PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group S (P< 0.05). Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly decreased, PTEN expression was down-regulated, PI3K expression was up-regulated and PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group IR( P < 0.05) . Myocardial pathological damage was attenuated in group SFI as compared with group IR. Apoptosis index was positively correlated to PTEN/PI3K ratio (r =0.452,P <0.05) .Conclusion SFI can attenuate myocardial IR injury via down-regulating the expression of PTEN,up-regulating the expression of PBK and activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway in diabetic rats.     

右美托咪定联合艾司氯胺酮用于老年患者乳腺癌根治术的术后镇痛

目的 评价右美托咪定联合艾司氯胺酮用于老年患者乳腺癌根治术术后自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)的效果和不良反应。方法 选择择期行全身麻醉下乳腺癌根治术的女性患者120例，年龄60～70岁，ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级，随机分为3组(n=40)。3组全身麻醉诱导及维持方案均一致，所有患者均于术毕前10 min行PCIA,A组镇痛药为舒芬太尼2μg·kg^-1,B组为艾司氯胺酮2 mg·kg^-1,C组为右美托咪定2μg·kg^-1+艾司氯胺酮2 mg·kg^-1，所有镇痛泵中均添加托烷司琼5 mg，并用氯化钠注射液配制成100 mL，背景输注速率1.5 mL·h^-1，单次按压量1.5 mL，锁定时间30 min。评估3组患者术后静态和动态疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和Ramsay镇静评分，记录术后48 h内镇痛泵按压次数及不良反应的发生情况。结果 术后2、4、8、 24、48 h各时点3组患者的动态和静态VAS评分、Ramsay镇静评分比较均无显著差异(P> 0.05)，术后48 h内镇痛泵按压次...     

氧疗对全麻后睡眠期脉搏血氧饱和度的影响

目的　观察全麻后睡眠期氧疗的效果和低氧血症发生的时间。方法　 6 0例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级、年龄 2 5～ 84岁的患者随机分为睡眠期氧疗组和睡眠期非氧疗组 ,每组 30例。全麻苏醒拔管回病房后 ,Venturi面罩给氧 (FiO2 =31 % ) ,氧疗组持续 72h ,而非氧疗组在睡眠期则停止吸氧。观察手术前夜和术后第 1、2、3夜的脉搏血氧饱和度 (SpO2 )值 (S0 、S1 、S2 、S3 )。结果　氧疗组S2 低于S0 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,非氧疗组S1 和S2 明显低于S0 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,S3 低于S0 (P <0 .0 5 )。两组同时间比较 ,非氧疗组S3 低于氧疗组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且非氧疗组的S1 和S2 明显低于氧疗组的对应值 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　全麻后睡眠期可发生低氧血症 ,氧疗能明显提高患者的SpO2 值     

光杖联合直接喉镜应用于老年患者气管插管的临床分析

目的:研究光杖联合直接喉镜对老年手术患者气管插管全麻诱导下的血流动力学与气道并发症的影响。方法:选择45例ASAⅠ-Ⅲ级拟行全麻手术的老年患者,男23例,女22例,年龄65-82岁,随机分成光杖组(A组)、直接喉镜组(B组)和光杖联合直接喉镜组(C组)。三组患者采用相同的全身麻醉诱导方法,分别记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、麻醉诱导后(T1)、插管即刻(T2)和插管后1min(T3)的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)和氧饱和度(SpO2)。记录插管时间和插管成功的例数,并观察并发症。结果:插管即刻(T2)HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2在B组与C组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),插管后1min HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2在B组与C组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组并发症少于A、B组,插管时间C组短于A、B组(P<0.05)。结论:在老年患者中光杖联合直接喉镜气管插管,成功率高,可以有效减轻气管插管的应激反应,对老年患者血流动力学影响较小。     

后路椎间盘镜手术在青壮年腰椎间盘突出症患者中的应用

目的探讨后路椎间盘镜手术在青壮年腰椎间盘突出症患者中的应用。方法 68例青壮年腰椎间盘突出症患者采用后路椎间盘镜（MED）治疗,观察疗效。结果随访3月后,x线片检查示椎间高度无明显丢失,生理曲度正常。术后MRI检查显示突出椎间盘及神经根压迫消失。术前.JOA脊髓功能评分为（9.12±1.24）分,ODI评分为（77.62±9.9）分术后3个月随访,JOA脊髓功能评分为（14.27±2.25）分,ODI评分为（16.52±3.1）分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Macnab疗效评价,优41例,良21例,可6例,差0例。结论采用后路椎间盘镜手术治疗青壮年腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著。