60Co放射治疗共面相邻野预留间隔设计的实验研究

目的：验证几何计算法设计＾６０Ｃｏ相邻野预留间隔的准确性,探讨更精确的设计方法。方法：通过模拟测量绘制线束扩展函数曲线,与几何计算法计算结果对照比较：利用线束扩展函数曲线,计算不同射野宽度相邻野组合预留间隔计算值与测量偏差。结果：①两种方法得出的线束扩展函数曲线有明显差异。②两小野组合计算值低于测量值,两大野组合计算高于测量值,大野与小野或两个中等野组合计算值与测量值偏差较小。结论：几何计算设计＾     

中药饮片质量控制的现状与对策

中药饮片的质量控制是目前中药质量控制的最薄弱环节，存在的问题集中表现为：无质量控制标准或质量控制标准低，质量标准不合理，不能反映饮片的药性与药效。要改变这种现状，应采取如下措施：①从药材的源头和流通抓起，控制中药饮片的质量；②完善和规范炮制过程，保证中药饮片的质量稳定性；③加强中药饮片炮制机理和饮片质量标准的基础研究；④大力研制中药饮片现代化生产机械；⑤走名牌战略与法制建设相结合的道路，打造大型中药饮片企业。这些措施的实施，将提升我国中药饮片的质量，为中药现代化和国际化做出贡献。     

不同紫菀饮片中紫菀酮的含量比较

目的:比较不同紫菀饮片中紫菀酮的含量。方法:以紫菀酮为指标,建立了HPLC法的测定条件,并对生紫菀、蒸紫菀、炒紫菀、蜜紫菀、醋紫菀、酒紫菀中该成分的含量进行了测定。结果:紫菀酮的含量大小依次为生紫菀>炒紫菀>蒸紫菀>醋紫菀>酒紫菀>蜜紫菀;以纯紫菀计,不同紫菀饮片中紫菀酮的含量大小依次为蜜紫菀>炒紫菀>生紫菀>醋紫菀>酒紫菀>蒸紫菀。结论:紫菀经过不同方法炮制所得各种紫菀饮片中紫菀酮的含量均较生品低;但以纯紫菀计,紫菀蜜炙后紫菀酮的含量升高。     

中药饮片小包装的剂量和质量管理

中药饮片小包装作为一项新型的配方模式的改革,其优势非常明显。但在实际使用中主要存在剂量和质量上的问题。药房应从剂量和质量管理入手,一方面监督生产企业做好小包装的剂量和质量工作,另一方面加强医院药房对小包装的剂量和质量管理,提高配方质量,更好地发挥中药饮片小包装的优势。     

含罂粟壳中成药质量标准分析

罂粟壳属于麻醉药品管理。目前已上市的部分中成药处方中含有罂粟壳,针对罂粟壳使用的特殊要求,我们对含罂粟壳中成药质量标准进行了分析,对存在的问题进行了探讨。     

高效毛细管电泳法分离测定不同种类甘草药材中甘草酸的含量

目的 应用高效毛细管电泳法(HPCE)测定不同种类甘草药材中甘草酸的含量。方法 缓冲液30mmol·L-1硼酸盐溶液,pH=9.2,未涂层弹性石英毛细管(75 μm×47.5 cm,有效分离长度40 cm)为分离通道,压力进样(250 Kpa·s),20 kV恒压电泳(25 C)分离,254 nm检测。结果 整个分析过程可以在7 min以内完成,甘草酸含量的线性范围为0~500μg·mL-1(r=0.999 7)。甘草酸的保留时间与甘草酸积分峰面积的RSD值分别为0.2％和3.4％。结论 该方法简洁、快速,重现性较好,适用于甘草药材中甘草酸含量的快速测定,也为进一步建立甘草药品的指纹图谱提供了可行性依据,并且,可以同时分析甘草酸的水解产物-甘草次酸,可用于进一步研究甘草类药物的代谢。     

Lipidomics investigation of reversal effect of glycyrrhizin (GL) towards lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced alteration of phospholipid profiles

Context: Glycyrrhizin (GL), the major ingredient isolated from licorice, exerts multiple pharmacological activities.

Objective: To elucidate the protective mechanism of GL towards lithocholic acid (LCA)-induced liver toxicity using lipidomics.

Materials and methods: GL (200?mg/kg) dissolved in corn oil was treated intraperitoneally for 7?d. On the 4th day, 200?mg/kg LCA was used to treat mice (i.p., twice daily) for another 4?d. The protective role of GL towards LCA-induced liver toxicity was investigated through evaluating the liver histology and the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT). The complete lipid profile was employed using UFLC-Triple TOF MS-based lipidomics.

Results: Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 200?mg/kg GL can significantly protect LCA-induced liver damage, indicated by alleviated histology alteration and prevention of the ALT elevation. Lipidomics analysis can well separate the control group from LCA-treated group, and three lipid components were major contributors, including LPC 16:0, LPC 18:0, and LPC 18:2. GL treatment can significantly prevent LCA-induced reduction of these three lipid compounds, providing a new explanation for GL's protection mechanism towards LCA-induced liver toxicity.

Discussion and conclusion: The recent study highlights the importance of lipidomics in elucidating the therapeutic mechanism of herbs.     

自拟舒郁汤联合镇静六穴治疗产后抑郁症的临床研究

目的:探讨自拟舒郁汤联合镇静六穴治疗产后抑郁症的临床效果。方法:选择2019年5月—2020年3月产后抑郁症患者60例,按照投掷硬币法分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组给予盐酸帕罗西汀片治疗,观察组给予自拟舒郁汤联合“镇静六穴”治疗。比较两组患者近期疗效以及治疗前后抑郁症状、产后生活自理能力、照料婴儿能力与生活质量变化情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗2,4,6,8周末汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-24)评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗8周末产后生活自理能力评分、照料婴儿能力评分及36条简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:自拟舒郁汤联合镇静六穴治疗产后抑郁症疗效显著,可有效改善患者抑郁症状,提升产后生活自理能力、照料婴儿能力和生活质量。     

火针联合甘草锌颗粒治疗轻中度寻常型痤疮临床观察

目的 :探讨火针联合甘草锌颗粒治疗轻中度寻常型痤疮的临床疗效。方法 :将符合纳入标准的80例痤疮患者随机分为2组,每组40例,治疗过程中脱落5例,实际完成治疗组38例,对照组37例。其中治疗组给予火针联合甘草锌颗粒,对照组给予丹参酮胶囊口服,8周后观察疗效。结果:治疗组总有效率为92.1%,对照组为78.37%。两组患者疗效比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:火针联合甘草锌颗粒治疗轻中度寻常型痤疮具有显著疗效。     

Diffusion‐prepared stimulated‐echo turbo spin echo (DPsti‐TSE): An eddy current‐insensitive sequence for three‐dimensional high‐resolution and undistorted diffusion‐weighted imaging

In this study, we present a new three‐dimensional (3D), diffusion‐prepared turbo spin echo sequence based on a stimulated‐echo read‐out (DPsti‐TSE) enabling high‐resolution and undistorted diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI). A dephasing gradient in the diffusion preparation module and rephasing gradients in the turbo spin echo module create stimulated echoes, which prevent signal loss caused by eddy currents. Near to perfect agreement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between DPsti‐TSE and diffusion‐weighted echo planar imaging (DW‐EPI) was demonstrated in both phantom transient signal experiments and phantom imaging experiments. High‐resolution and undistorted DPsti‐TSE was demonstrated in vivo in prostate and carotid vessel wall. 3D whole‐prostate DWI was achieved with four b values in only 6 min. Undistorted ADC maps of the prostate peripheral zone were obtained at low and high imaging resolutions with no change in mean ADC values [(1.60 ± 0.10) × 10^?3 versus (1.60 ± 0.02) × 10^?3 mm²/s]. High‐resolution 3D DWI of the carotid vessel wall was achieved in 12 min, with consistent ADC values [(1.40 ± 0.23) × 10^?3 mm²/s] across different subjects, as well as slice locations through the imaging volume. This study shows that DPsti‐TSE can serve as a robust 3D diffusion‐weighted sequence and is an attractive alternative to the traditional two‐dimensional DW‐EPI approaches.