Comparison of indium-111 octreotide and thallium-201 scintigraphy in patients mammographically suspected of having breast cancer: Preliminary results

Indium-111 octreotide and thallium-201 scintigraphic studies were compared in 21 patients (16 with palpable and five with non-palpable lesions) suspected of having breast malignancies on the basis of mammography. Early (15 min) and late (3 h)²⁰¹Tl (111 MBq) and 4-h and 24-h¹¹¹In-octreotide (111–148 MBq) static planar anterior images (matrix 256×256) were obtained on separate days. Images were evaluated both visually and quantitatively. Biopsy was performed following the imaging studies. Histopathology revealed 17 breast carcinomas (15 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, one mucinous adenocarcinoma and one intraductal carcinoma) and four benign breast lesions (two fibroadenomas, one abscess and one case of fat necrosis). The means histopathologcial tumour size (mean largest diameter) was 3.38±1.9 cm.¹¹¹In-octreotide detected 16 of the 17 breast cancers (94%) while²⁰¹Tl detected 13 of them (76%). Both¹¹¹In-octreotide and²⁰¹Tl missed one nonpalpable carcinoma showing only an isolated cluster of microcalcifications on mammography. The smallest tumour size detected by both agents 1.5×1.5 cm. Of the four benign lesions, only the breast abscess revealed both²⁰¹Tl and¹¹¹In-octreotide uptake.¹¹¹In-octreotide scan also showed tracer uptake in five of the six patients with histologically proven axillary metastases, while four of these six patients showed²⁰¹Tl uptake. The tumour/background (T/B) ratios of late¹¹¹In-octreotide and²⁰¹Tl images were 1.71±0.38 and 1.46±0.30 respectively (P=0.039). In this preliminary study,¹¹¹In-octreotide yielded more favourable results than²⁰¹Tl in the detection of breast carcinomas. However, the diagnostic efficacy of¹¹¹In-octreotide imaging needs to be investigated in larger patient series.     

两种剂量奥曲肽治疗食管及胃曲张静脉出血效果比较

①目的　比较两种剂量奥曲肽治疗食管、胃曲张静脉出血的临床效果。②方法　将 88例食管、胃曲张静脉出血病人随机分为奥曲肽 5 0 μg/h和 2 5 μg/h剂量组 ,观察平均止血时间、止血率、再出血率和不良反应。 ③结果　 5 0 μg/h组平均止血时间明显短于 2 5 μg/h组 (t=2 .2 4 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,总止血率明显高于 2 5 μg/h组 (χ2 =5 .36 0 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,再出血率较 2 5 μg/h组低 (χ2 =7.990 ,P <0 .0 5 )。两组均有 1例病人出现恶心。④结论　奥曲肽 5 0 μg/h剂量治疗食管、胃曲张静脉出血的效果优于 2 5 μg/h剂量     

生长抑素治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床研究

目的 探讨生长抑素治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床效果。方法 应用奥曲肽治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者41例,并与垂体后叶素治疗的32例及三腔管治疗的25例进行对照。观察3组平均止血时间、24h止血率以及治疗前后门静脉主干直径、血流速度、血流量的变化。结果 奥曲肽治疗组、垂体后叶素治疗组、三腔管治疗组平均止血时间分别为194.27±28.88min、358.11±151.43min、134.71±32.12min,24h止血率分别为63.41％、37.50％、72％。奥曲肽治疗组止血率显著高于垂体后叶素治疗组(P<0.01)。奥曲肽治疗前后门静脉内径分别为10.86±0.41mm、13.84±0.35mm,二者有显著差异。奥曲肽治疗后其门静脉血流速度,血流量与治疗前相比较也有显著差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论 奥曲肽能使门脉内径相对缩小、血流量减少和血流速度加快,从而使门脉压力降低达到止血的目的。     

奥曲肽及垂体后叶素治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的效果观察

①目的 比较奥曲肽和垂体后叶素治疗肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床效果。②方法 将９２例（１０５次）食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血病人随机分为奥曲肽组（５０例５８次）和垂体后叶素组（４２例４７次）,分别给予奥曲肽和垂体后叶素治疗,每隔０．５ｈ冲洗胃腔吸取胃液１次,比较两组止血率。③结果 奥曲肽组和垂体后叶素组８ｈ内止血率分别为６０．３％,１７．０％,差异有极显著性（Ｘ＾２＝２０．１５,Ｐ〈０．０１）     

Octreotide as first-line treatment for women with metastatic breast cancer

Summary Octreotide is a synthetic somatostatin analogue which has shown inhibitory activity against human breast cancer cells in culture. Ten patients with metastatic breast cancer and no prior hormonal therapy exposure received octreotide at 150 g subcutaneously thrice daily. No objective responses were observed and the median time to treatment failure was short at 57 days.     

Cholescintigraphic study of effect of somatostatin analog,octreotide, on bile secretion and gallbladder emptying in normal subjects

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of a single intravenous injection of the somatostatin analog octreotide on hepatic bile secretion and gallbladder emptying with a quantitative scintigraphic technique. Twelve healthy volunteers received, in a double-blind randomized fashion, either octreotide, 100 g intravenously, or placebo. Ten minutes later, [^99mTc]PBIDA was administered intravenously (50 Ci/kg) (time=0) followed, 60 min later, by the ingestion of a standardized fatty meal. In the liver area, the relative decrease per minute of tracer activity from the time of maximal activity to 60 min was significantly lower in the octreotide group (P=0.02). In the gallbladder area, after the fatty meal, the ratio of tracer activity at 60 and 90 min (A ₉₀/A ₆₀) was significantly (P=0.01) higher in the octreotide group. Our study demonstrates that octreotide slows down liver release of the radiopharmaceutical, probably reflecting decreased bile secretion, and inhibits postprandial gallbladder contraction.     

罗非昔布联合奥曲肽增强对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

目的　探讨高选择性环氧合酶 2抑制剂———罗非昔布联合奥曲肽能否协同增强对人胰腺癌生长的抑制。方法　采用3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷参入法了解这两种药物单独或联合应用对人胰腺癌细胞株BXPC 3DNA合成的影响 ,根据中效原理判断联合用药是否产生协同效应。观察这两种药物单用或联合应用对裸鼠人胰腺癌移植瘤生长的影响。结果　罗非昔布显著抑制胰腺癌细胞3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷参入 ,药物浓度与3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷参入值呈负相关 ,r=- 0 990 ,P <0 0 1。罗非昔布联合奥曲肽在多数效应范围内的合用指数小于 1,有协同作用。与对照组比较 ,罗非昔布或奥曲肽均能抑制裸鼠胰腺癌移植瘤的生长 ,但联合用药的抑瘤率(97 4 % )明显高于单用奥曲肽 (5 7 0 % )或罗非昔布(87 7% ) ,P <0 0 1。结论　罗非昔布联合奥曲肽可协同增强对人胰腺癌的生长抑制     

奥曲肽与转化生长因子-α对人肝癌细胞增殖的影响

目的研究奥曲肽单独及与转化生长因子-α(TGF-α)联用对人肝癌细胞增殖的影响,并探讨其机制。方法细胞增殖变化采用MTT比色法、绘制细胞生长曲线及流式细胞术(FCM)检测,细胞中TGF-α的表达采用放射免疫法及逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测。结果奥曲肽能抑制肝癌细胞增殖,且其抑制作用呈浓度和时间依赖性。奥曲肽(1μg/ml)作用48h,对TGFα(1μg/L、5μg/L)刺激的人肝癌细胞增殖抑制作用明显。两者同时作用于细胞较TGF-α单独作用,细胞生长曲线下移,增殖指数(PI)值明显降低(P<0.01)。加入奥曲肽后,上清液中TGF-α含量在相应时间点均较对照组明显减少,抑制率为15.02%～26.71%;TGF-αmRNA指数较对照组降低。结论奥曲肽能抑制人肝癌细胞增殖,且对TGF-α刺激的人肝癌细胞增殖也有抑制作用,其机制可能与奥曲肽抑制肝癌细胞TGF-α分泌有关。     

Naloxone or Vagotomy Does Not Influence Centrally Octreotide-induced Inhibition of Gastric Acid Secretion in Rats

Octreotide is a long-acting somatostatin analogue with the similar bioactivity as somatostatin. It is clinically employed in the treatment of acromegaly, stress ulcer hemorrhage and other conditions[1]. In the basic research on the central effect of octreotide on gastric acid secre- tion there are few literatures available up to now. More- over, the outcome (stimulation or inhibition of gastric acid secretion) and the underlying mechanisms vary due to differences in routs of drug administratio…     

奥曲肽注射液治疗食管-胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的有效性和安全性

目的比较国产与进口醋酸奥曲肽注射液治疗肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的有效性和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机、单盲、平行对照实验。入选131例患者,实验组68例,用国产醋酸奥曲肽;对照组63例,用进口奥曲肽(善宁)。2组用药方法和药量相同,给予首剂0.1 mg静脉推注,随后以0.6 mg溶于5%葡萄糖500 mL中,通过静脉输液泵以42 mL/h(50μg/h)的速度持续静脉滴注,1次/12 h。24 h内有效者,再连续使用4 d。用药过程中详细观察记录血压、脉搏、输血量;定期抽吸胃液,记录胃液量及颜色;进行实验室及心电图检查;严密观察记录不良反应。结果2组治疗前基线资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。6、122、4 h止血率、再出血率、平均输血量、不良事件发生率2组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论国产醋酸奥曲肽注射液治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血的疗效与安全性和进口奥曲肽相当,是治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血有效、安全的药物。