培丙酯治疗缺血性心肌病疗效观察

目的 研究培丙酯对缺血性心肌病的治疗作用.方法 选择缺血性心肌病患者80例,随机分为培丙酯治疗组及5-单硝酸异山梨酯对照组.治疗2周,分别比较心功能、血液流变学、炎症指标变化情况.结果 2周后,2组患者病情均有改善,治疗组疗效更佳.结论 培丙酯治疗缺血性心肌病可以明显改善心肌缺血及心功能不全表现,疗效显著,是治疗缺血性心肌病的有效方法之一.     

Cytotoxicity of propyl gallate and related compounds in rat hepatocytes

 The cytotoxic effects of propyl gallate (PG), its related gallates and gallic acid have been studied in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Addition of PG (0.5–2.0 mM) to hepatocyte suspension elicited concentration-dependent cell death accompanied by losses of intracellular ATP, adenine nucleotide pools, glutathione (GSH) and protein thiols. The rapid loss of intracellular ATP preceded the onset of cell death caused by PG. In the comparative toxic effects of PG and related gallates at concentration of 1 mM, octyl gallate (OG), dodecyl gallate (DG) and butyl gallate (BG) elicited an abrupt depletion of ATP, followed by an acute cell death. These gallates were more toxic than PG; the toxic effects of PG were similar to those of methyl gallate (MG) and ethyl gallate (EG). In mitochondria isolated from rat liver, PG caused a concentration-dependent increase in the rate of state 4 oxygen consumption, indicating an uncoupling effect. The rate of state 3 oxygen consumption was inhibited by OG and DG. According to the respiratory control index, the order of impairment potency to mitochondria was OG>BG, DG>PG>EG, MG>gallic acid. These results indicate that PG and related gallates are toxic to hepatocytes and that the acute cytotoxicity may be due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Received: 16 May 1994 / Accepted: 15 August 1994     

EGCG对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的研究表绿茶活性成分没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯（epigallocatechin gallate，EGCG）对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤是否具有保护作用。方法将12只Lewis大鼠随机分为2组：（1）实验组大鼠7只，于肾缺血后的再灌注期将10mg／kg的EGCG置于2ml生理盐水中静脉注射；（2）对照组大鼠5只，于肾缺血后的再灌注期静脉注射2ml生理盐水。2h后处死动物，收集血液和肾脏标本，行血肌酐（Cr）、尿素氮（BUN）、肾组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量测定，并进行组织病理和超微病理检查。结果实验组大鼠血Cr和BUN水平明显低于对照组（P〈0.05），肾组织中SOD活性较对照组明显升高（P〈0．01），肾组织脂质过氧化产物MDA的含量较对照组明显降低（P〈0．01）。病理学检测表明实验组大鼠肾小管周围毛细血管内未见淤血，肾小管上皮细胞变性及线粒体的损伤减轻。结论EGCG对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

EGCG对过氧化氢所致神经元过氧化损伤的保护作用

目的研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酚(EGCG)对过氧化氢(H2O2)所致神经元过氧化损伤的保护作用。方法分离胚胎18d大鼠大脑皮质神经元,原代培养2d后分为4组:①正常细胞对照组;②药物对照组(正常细胞内加EGCG);③氧化损伤组(正常细胞内加H2O2);④损伤后药物治疗组(氧化损伤30min后加入EGCG)。各组细胞再培养36h后,进行神经元形态观察、细胞活性MTT分析及细胞中丙二醛(MDA)含量的检测。结果氧化损伤组神经元多崩解成碎片,突起不完整,细胞活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高。而在损伤后药物治疗组,神经元胞体立体感较强,多数突起完整。细胞活性显著增高,而MDA含量则显著下降。结论EGCG可抑制羟基自由基的产生,从而保护H2O2氧化损害的神经     

茶多酚诱导膀胱癌EJ细胞株凋亡与细胞内钙离子变化的相关性

目的：探讨茶多酚对膀胱癌EJ细胞株抑制增殖的分子机理。方法：采用流式细胞术、噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法和激光共聚焦成像技术，分别测定膀胱癌EJ细胞株的凋亡状态、细胞的周期变化、线粒体功能及细胞内离子钙浓度水平变化。用茶多酚处理EJ肿瘤细胞。结果：细胞的周期依浓度的改变而变化，浓度增加至20μg／ml发生明显的凋亡，OD值与浓度呈负相关性。细胞内钙离子浓度与时间、浓度的增加呈量效正相关。钙离子浓度逐渐升高亦呈现为时效、量效正相关性。结论：茶多酚能影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡过程。茶多酚诱导所致线粒体变化、细胞内钙离子超载可能在肿瘤凋亡中起着重要作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定家兔血浆中赤芍B801的浓度

用反相高效液相色谱法测定家兔血浆中赤芍801PG浓度。采用NucieoselC₁₈色谱柱,甲醇∶水∶冰乙酸(48∶50∶2)为流动相,4羟基苯甲酸乙酯为内标物,紫外检测波长275nm,对ivPG后不同时间家兔血浆中药物含量进行测定。结果表明:PG浓度为2.5μg/ml的平均回收率为96.70%,其RSD=1.83%。浓度5μg/ml的样品平均回收率为98.86%,RSD=1.05%。其最低检测限为0.1μg/ml。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法结扎左冠状动脉前降支30mm再灌注60m in复制大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型,实验分假手术组、缺血再灌注组(IR)、EGCG1(10mg.kg-1)、EGCG2(20mg.kg-1)和丹参(SM,1.0g.kg-1)治疗组。用心功能分析系统测定左室心功能,按试剂盒说明测定血浆SOD,MDA,LDH和CK水平,用TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞,SABC免疫组化法检测凋亡相关基因bc l-2与bax的蛋白表达。结果①缺血再灌注期间,IR组大鼠左室LVSP,±dp/dtm ax呈进行性下降,LVEDP则进行性升高(与假手术组比,P<0.01),EGCG组虽有相似的变化趋势,但明显较缓(与IR组比,P<0.01)。②IR组大鼠血浆SOD水平显著降低;MDA,LDH与CK水平显著升高。EGCG组SOD水平则明显升高;MDA,LDH与CK水平明显降低(P<0.01)。③IR组心肌凋亡细胞明显,bc l-2与bax蛋白表达增多,bc l-2/bax值下降;EGCG组凋亡细胞减少,bc l-2蛋白表达显著增多,bax则明显减少,bc l-2/bax值升高(P<0.01)。结论EGCG通过提高机体清除自由基能力减轻心肌细胞损伤和抑制心肌细胞凋亡而改善心功能,对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

Bioactive nutrients - Time for tolerable upper intake levels to address safety

There is increasing interest by consumers, researchers, and regulators into the roles that certain bioactive compounds, derived from plants and other natural sources, can play in health maintenance and promotion, and even prolonging a productive quality of life. Research has rapidly emerged suggesting that a wide range of compounds and mixtures in and from plants (such as fruits and vegetables, tea and cocoa) and animals (such as fish and probiotics) may exert substantial health benefits. There is interest in exploring the possibility of establishing recommended intakes or dietary guidance for certain bioactive substances to help educate consumers. A key aspect of establishing dietary guidance is the assessment of safety/toxicity of these substances. Toxicologists need to be involved in both the development of the safety framework and in the evaluation of the science to establish maximum intake/upper limits.     

Epigallocatechin Gallate: A Review of Its Beneficial Properties to Prevent Metabolic Syndrome

Obesity and being overweight are linked with a cluster of metabolic and vascular disorders that have been termed the metabolic syndrome. This syndrome promotes the incidence of cardiovascular diseases that are an important public health problem because they represent a major cause of death worldwide. Whereas there is not a universally-accepted set of diagnostic criteria, most expert groups agree that this syndrome is defined by an endothelial dysfunction, an impaired insulin sensitivity and hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity and hypertension. Epidemiological studies suggest that the beneficial cardiovascular health effects of diets rich in green tea are, in part, mediated by their flavonoid content, with particular benefits provided by members of this family such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Although their bioavailability is discussed, various studies suggest that EGCG modulates cellular and molecular mechanisms of various symptoms leading to metabolic syndrome. Therefore, according to in vitro and in vivo model data, this review attempts to increase our understanding about the beneficial properties of EGCG to prevent metabolic syndrome.     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯预防正畸固定矫治者的牙釉质白斑

文题释义： 龋白斑：很多接受正畸固定矫治的患者其牙面上会呈现白垩色的点或斑块，临床上表现为龋白斑(white spot lesions，WSL)，即釉质脱矿，如病变进一步发展甚至会形成龋洞。 表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate，EGCG)：是茶多酚中最有效的活性成分，属于儿茶素。EGCG具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗动脉硬化、抗血栓形成、抗血管增生、抗炎以及抗肿瘤作用。绿茶里有EGCG，但红茶里没有，因为红茶里的EGCG被转化成了茶玉红精。EGCG在医药保健上具有防治癌症等多种疾病和增强免疫力等功能。 背景：目前已有大量研究证实表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate，EGCG)可应用于牙科治疗中，但目前尚未有临床研究讨论EGCG用于托槽的釉质粘接是否可以减少临床上正畸术后白斑的发生率。目的：探讨EGCG应用于预防正畸固定矫治患者牙釉质白斑发生的价值。方法：选择接受正畸固定矫治治疗的50例符合纳入排除标准的患者，采用自身对照法，右侧使用添加有1 g/L EGCG的粘接剂(EGCG组)，左侧使用不含EGCG的粘接剂(对照组)，其余治疗步骤和材料均相同。于治疗开始后3，6和12个月检测目标牙位(16，11，46，26，31，36)牙釉质脱矿指数(EDI)和釉质白斑的发生率，并统计托槽脱落情况。研究方案的实施符合柳州市人民医院对研究的相关伦理要求，患者及监护人对试验过程完全知情同意。结果与结论：①EGCG组和对照组在试验期间托槽脱落率差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；②在治疗开始后3个月，2组白斑发生率和牙釉质脱矿指数值差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，治疗6，12个月，EGCG组白斑发生率和牙釉质脱矿指数值均较对照组显著降低(P < 0.05)；③结果说明，添加有1 g/L EGCG的粘接剂可以在不影响托槽粘接强度的情况下，起到预防正畸固定矫治患者牙釉质脱矿和白斑发生作用，且能长期维持。 ORCID: 0000-0002-5325-5037(杨柳青) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程