Morphological imaging and CT histogram analysis to differentiate pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor grade 3 from neuroendocrine carcinoma

PurposeTo compare morphological imaging features and CT texture histogram parameters between grade 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (G3-NET) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC).Materials and methodsPatients with pathologically proven G3-NET and NEC, according to the 2017 World Health Organization classification who had CT and MRI examinations between 2006-2017 were retrospectively included. CT and MRI examinations were reviewed by two radiologists in consensus and analyzed with respect to tumor size, enhancement patterns, hemorrhagic content, liver metastases and lymphadenopathies. Texture histogram analysis of tumors was performed on arterial and portal phase CT images. images. Morphological imaging features and CT texture histogram parameters of G3-NETs and NECs were compared.ResultsThirty-seven patients (21 men, 16 women; mean age, 56 ± 13 [SD] years [range: 28-82 years]) with 37 tumors (mean diameter, 60 ± 46 [SD] mm) were included (CT available for all, MRI for 16/37, 43%). Twenty-three patients (23/37; 62%) had NEC and 14 patients (14/37; 38%) had G3-NET. NECs were larger than G3-NETs (mean, 70 ± 51 [SD] mm [range: 18 - 196 mm] vs. 42 ± 24 [SD] mm [range: 8 - 94 mm], respectively; P = 0.039), with more tumor necrosis (75% vs. 33%, respectively; P = 0.030) and lower attenuation on precontrast (30 ± 4 [SD] HU [range: 25-39 HU] vs. 37 ± 6 [SD] [range: 25-45 HU], respectively; P = 0.002) and on portal venous phase CT images (75 ± 18 [SD] HU [range: 43 - 108 HU] vs. 92 ± 19 [SD] HU [range: 46 - 117 HU], respectively; P = 0.014). Hemorrhagic content on MRI was only observed in NEC (P = 0.007). The mean ADC value was lower in NEC ([1.1 ± 0.1 (SD)] × 10⁻³ mm²/s [range: (0.91 - 1.3) × 10⁻³ mm²/s] vs. [1.4 ± 0.2 (SD)] × 10⁻³ mm²/s [range: (1.1 - 1.6) × 10⁻³ mm²/s]; P = 0.005). CT histogram analysis showed that NEC were more heterogeneous on portal venous phase images (Entropy-0: 4.7 ± 0.2 [SD] [range: 4.2-5.1] vs. 4.5 ± 0.4 [SD] [range: 3.7-4.9]; P = 0.023).ConclusionPancreatic NECs are larger, more frequently hypoattenuating and more heterogeneous with hemorrhagic content than G3-NET on CT and MRI.     

Automated Recognition of Lateral from PA Chest Radiographs: Saving Seconds in a PACS Environment

Images acquired in a two-view digital chest examination are frequently not electronically distinguishable. As a result the lateral and posterioanterio (PA) images are often improperly positioned on a PACS work station. A series of 1998 chest radiographs (999 lateral, 999 PA or AP) were used to develop a neural network classifier. The images were down-sampled to 16 × 16 matrices, and a feed-forward neural network was trained and tested using the leave-one-out method. Using five nodes in the hidden layer, the neural network correctly identified 987 of the 999 test cases (98.8%) (average of six runs). The simple architecture and speed of this technique suggests that it would be a useful addition to PACS work station software. The accumulated time saved by correctly positioning the lateral and PA chest images on the work station monitors in accordance with each radiologists hanging protocols was estimated to be about 1 week of radiologist time per year.     

基于PACS的MRI影像多媒体教学与报告系统的研究

目的：开发基于医院影像归档和通讯系统（picture archiving and communication system，PACS）环境的MRI（磁共振显像）影像多媒体教学与报告系统。方法：医院PACS系统符合DICOM3.0标准，采用1000M光纤主干网，100M交换到桌面；在临床医生浏览工作站安装多媒体教学系统，在诊断工作站安装教学系统与报告系统；科学内容按部位分类，以树枝模式管理。教学字资料来源于具有一定权威的教科书、专及期刊。图像资料来源于各部位经病理及临床证实的病例，直接从PACS系统提取，经标注说明后，以件形式存放于PACS图像服务器硬盘。结果：MRI辅助影响教学系统能够实时调阅最合适病种的MRI征象、临床特点、病理、鉴别诊断、典型图像及注释、正常断面解剖等，供教学、诊断和报告参考。结论：PACS环境下MRI辅助影像学系统，能满足临床医生和低年资影像诊断医生对MRI影像知识进一步继续医学教育的需求，能为影像诊断医生提供教学及科研工具，提高MR室工作质量和工作效率。     

PACS诊断工作站匹配小型DSA在介入治疗中的应用

目的 探讨PACS诊断工作站与小型DSA匹配在介入治疗中的应用价值。方法 PACS诊断工作站通过视频采集一转换方式采集岛津公司的WHA-50N／S小型DSA的PH-DSA方式获得的视频图像，使用DIGOM 3．0国际标准。对采用该系统检查治疗的67例图像资料进行分析，评价该工作站的使用效能。结果 将PACS诊断工作站与小型DSA相接后，将原来的PH-DSA视频图像转变为10～25帧／S的数字DSA图像，可上传输至PACS，达到资料共享。提高了图像后处理的功能。应用该系统获得的数字图像能够保持原设备的清晰程度，无明显失真，可以显示1～2mm的3～4级血管。结论采用小型DSA与PACS诊断工作站相匹配，可以为介入治疗的开展提供可靠的保障。     

医学影像存储与传输系统存储模式的探讨

目的 探讨医学影像存储与传输系统中的存储介质、结构，提高图像存储容量及调用速度。方法PACS采用三级（在线、近线、离线）存储结构；利用硬盘、多服务器磁盘阵列、磁带库等作为存储介质，支持影像数据的短期存储管理和长期存储管理；采用冗余存储技术和镜像存储方式；提供定时自动备份和数字迁移功能。结果成功地实现了医学图像在网络中的存储、备份及调用。结论PACS中的三级存储模式大大提高了图像的存储容量及调用速度，提高了工作效率。     

PBL和PACS在医学影像学教学中的应用

目的浅析影像学教学中开展图像存档和传输系统(PACS)与以问题为导向的教学方法(PBL)相结合的教学方式的作用。方法对本院48名医学影像学医学生开展研究,研究时间开始于2018年1月,结束于2019年1月,依据随机数字法将其分成对照组24例与观察组24例,将传统教学模式应用在对照组教学中,将PBL和PACS相结合的授课形式应用在观察组教学中,比较两组理论成绩以及临床实践能力。结果在理论考核项目和临床实践考核得分方面,观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用PBL和PACS相结合的授课模式,可有效提升医学影像学教学质量,保障学生更加有效地掌握理论知识以及专业技能。     

Do regions of interest location and type influence liver stiffness measurement using magnetic resonance elastography?

PurposeTo assess the variability of liver stiffness measurements using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) at 1.5 T, depending on different approaches of regions of interest (ROIs) drawing.Material and methodsFifty consecutive patients with successful liver MRE were included. There were 32 men and 18 women with a mean age of 52 ± 14 (SD) years (range: 20–85 years). MRE was acquired using a gradient recalled-echo MRE sequence. At the level of the portal bifurcation, one observer drawn in the right liver first 3 elliptical ROI and then one free-hand ROI, as large as possible based on the confidence map and the anatomy. Three additional elliptical ROIs were further drawn on the slice above and 3 other on the slice below, for a total of 9 elliptical ROIs. The average value of liver stiffness in the 3 elliptical ROIs of the central slice and the one from the 9 elliptical ROIs were computed. Three liver stiffness values were obtained for each patient from the 3 measurement methods (one free-hand ROI, 3 elliptical ROIs and 9 elliptical ROIs). Inter-method variability was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis.ResultsThe variability between the 3 methods was excellent with ICC > 0.978 (P < 0.0001). The Bland-Altman analysis revealed high agreement between the 3 methods with bias < 0.45 kPa and limits of agreement < ±1.13 kPa. The variability was lower when comparing a large free-hand ROI and the 3-elliptical ROIs, than when comparing the 9-elliptical ROIs to one of the other methods.ConclusionOur results show that the variability between the 3 methods of ROI drawing and placement is very low.     

医学影像存储与传输系统的流程优化

目的：集成医学影像存储与传输系统（PACS）与医院信息系统（HIS）,提高PACS的效率,提升用户的使用体验。方法：对系统应用中存在的问题进行深入分析,采用流程优化、软件优化和硬件升级的方式对PACS进行优化。结果：实现了PACS与HIS的互联,提高了PACS的整体性能,提升了用户的使用体验,扩展了PACS的应用范围。结论：确定优化方案前应深入分析现有问题,以系统流程、软件环境的优化为主,硬件设备的升级更换为辅。     

应用层次分析法和德尔菲法构建医学图像存档与传输系统评估指标体系

目的 应用层次分析法（AHP）和德尔菲法建立医学图像存档与传输系统（PACS）评估指标体系。方法 回溯性检索2003年 ～ 2012年PubMed、Embase、Science Citation Index、Cochrane Library、万方数据、中国知网等6种电子数据库的PACS文献,在文献分析的基础上,邀请医学影像、计算机应用、生物医学工程、PACS项目管理、临床医疗等专业的9名专家咨询,采用德尔菲法建立评估体系的指标框架,采用AHP确定评估体系各级指标权重,并计算下级指标相对于上级指标的组合权重。结果 构建的评估体系包括一级指标5个、二级指标23个。5个一级指标供应商综合能力、产品成熟性与先进性、系统安全性与可靠性、系统准确性和系统性能的权重分别为0.091 7、0.224 7、0.232 6、0.181 0、0.270 0;各级指标权重均满足一致性检验,所得权重是可以接受的;二级指标组合权重按权重大小排序,权重最大的前5位分别是“工作站性能”、“系统存储与影像存档性能”、“影像质量及显示性能”、“数据的完整性”和“数据安全策略”。结论 德尔菲法和APH相结合是建立评估体系的有效方法,同时,这种构建评估体系的方法也为大型设备的招标评估指标的制定提供新思路。     

2017年-2018年某三甲综合医院病案归档措施实施前后的效果分析

目的分析广东省惠州市某三甲综合医院病案归档措施实施前后的效果,探讨病案归档管理的有效实施方法和效果,为医院病案管理质量持续改进与提升提供依据。方法对2017年1月1日-2018年12月31日期间某院的172606份归档病案资料进行回顾性研究。将实施改进措施前的2017年的84459份归档病案,与实施一系列行之有效的改进措施后的2018年的87147份归档病案相互比较,对比结果进行整理、归类与统计分析。结果实施后的2日、3日、7日病案归档率为50.3%、67.0%、95.6%,实施前的病案归档率分别为31.9%、45.1%、86.8%,二者相比,差异具有统计学意义。其中实施后的第4季度7日病案归档率达到最高值97.4%。某院的病案归档管理的改进措施成效明显。结论某院在实施一系列整改措施后,优化病案归档全流程闭环管理,明显改善病案延迟归档现状,有效促进医院2日、3日、7日病案归档率明显提升,持续改进医院病案管理质量和水平。