腹主动脉瘤动脉壁血管平滑肌细胞增殖及凋亡的研究

目的研究腹主动脉瘤 (abdominalaorticaneurysm ,AAA)在发病不同时期动脉壁平滑肌细胞 (smoothmusclecells,SMC)增殖与凋亡的改变。方法建立大鼠AAA模型 ,分别于术后 3d、1、2、3、4周切取腹主动脉 ,应用原位DNA片段末端标记 (TUNEL)和免疫组织化学方法检测腹主动脉壁中SMC凋亡和相关基因bcl 2、bax蛋白以及增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、α 血管平滑肌肌动蛋白(α actin)的表达。结果TUNEL及PCNA表达高峰时段分别为术后 2～ 3周和 1周 ;术后 3d至 1周凋亡细胞少于PCNA阳性SMC ,2～ 4周多于PCNA阳性SMC且SMC数量明显减少 ;bcl 2与bax蛋白表达分别于术后 1、3周达到峰值 (P <0 0 1)。结论动脉壁SMC增殖和凋亡的失衡与AAA发病密切相关 ;bcl 2与bax基因参与了对AAA动脉壁中SMC凋亡的调控。     

肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的临床病理形态分析

①目的 了解肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(RAML)的病理形态特点。②方法 采用苏木精-伊红染色及免疫组化SP法染色，观察24例RAML组织形态。③结果 光镜下，19例细胞分化成熟；2例有异形增生；3例细胞围绕血管呈上皮样明显异形增生，可见瘤巨细胞及广泛坏死。围绕血管的上皮样细胞及瘤巨细胞HMB45表达呈强阳性。④结论 HMB45是血管平滑肌脂肪瘤最有力的免疫组织化学标记物。当RAML细胞呈明显异形增生，并伴有广泛坏死时，应考虑其为恶性变。     

3例结节性硬化症合并肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨结节性硬化症伴巨大肾血管平滑肌瘤（AML）的临床诊治特点和自发性肾破裂出血的治疗措施。方法：报告3例结节性硬化症伴多发性双肾AML的临床诊治资料。3例均为女性,年龄16～26岁,均有典型的智力低下、面部皮脂腺瘤体症,2例因腰部剧烈胀痛伴休克入院,1例因腹胀并癫痫发作入院。3例均经CT检查证实大脑钙化结节灶。结果：1例行DSA肾肿瘤栓塞治疗,1例行肾切除术治疗,1例经抗癫痫药物治疗稳定后行肾切除治疗。3例均成功治愈出院。结论：结节性硬化症合并肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤肿瘤巨大、症状严重、存在潜在破裂出血及可疑癌变者,可行根治切除或部分切除,破裂出血者宜首选选择性肾动脉栓塞术。     

Maxillary aggressive angiomyxoma showing ineffective to radiotherapy: a rare case report and review of literature

Aggressive angiomyxoma, mostly originating in the female pelvis and peritoneum or in the male analogous sites, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm characterized with infiltrative growth to adjacent tissue and local recurrence after primary excision. Herein, we report a case of aggressive angiomyxoma of maxilla in a 60-year-old male patient for its rarity. The patient presented with a one-year history of progressively enlarging maxillary mass on left side. Before referred to our hospital, he was given a biopsy and diagnosed as aggressive angiomyxoma by immunohistochemical staining. After that, he underwent 60Gy radiotherapy. Unfortunately, CT scan showed bigger mass infiltrated to adjacent facial soft tissues and bones compared with that of before radiotherapy. Besides that, he began to suffer with ingravescent headache. The mass was surgically removed and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistology in our hospital. As a case of aggressive angiomyxoma occurred in a rare site and experienced an ongoing growth in spite of radiotherapy, its characteristics was discussed with a brief literature review, which may aid further understanding of aggressive angiomyoma.     

2例子宫血管平滑肌瘤报告分析

本文旨在探讨子宫血管平滑肌瘤诊治方法 ,丰富临床资料,提高对子宫血管平滑肌瘤的认识。通过回顾性分析2例子宫血管平滑肌瘤患者诊疗经过并复习文献进行研究,得出子宫血管平滑肌瘤无特殊临床表现,早期易误诊为子宫肌瘤。确诊通常依靠病理学诊断。治疗以手术切除为主。该病存在复发可能,需进行严密随访。子宫血管平滑肌瘤为临床罕见的特殊类型的子宫肌瘤,为良性,其临床表现各异,无特异性,术前诊断困难,常与普通子宫肌瘤、盆腔炎性包块、盆腔淤血综合征难鉴别,需术后病理诊断才能确诊。     

手术切除治疗肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤2例报告

正肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(hepatic angimyolipoma,HAML)是一种少见的肝脏良性肿瘤,与其他肝脏肿瘤相鉴别具有一定难度,临床上主要依靠增强CT或磁共振成像(MRI)来辅助诊断[1-2]。据文献[3-4]报道女性HAML的发病率较高,有研究[5]显示女性患者体内雌激素及孕酮受体均为阴性,表明性激素在HAML的生长及发病机制中没有作用。本院手术切除     

Angiomyoma of the knee joint: Value of magnetic resonance imaging

A case of angiomyoma as an unusual cause of knee pain is presented and the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in such a situation is discussed.