中药洗剂治疗四肢开放性感染

1987年7月-2003年10月应用中药洗剂治疗四肢开放性感染1363例，该洗剂具有清热解毒、凉血止血、温经通络、活血消肿等功效，是用于治疗四肢外伤开放性感染创面有脓性分泌物或肉芽组织牛长不新鲜的有效方剂。     

皮肤软组织扩张术在四肢的应用

目的　应用皮肤软组织扩张术修复四肢的瘢痕、黑痣、文身等病损。方法　应用皮肤软组织扩张术 ,将扩张器置入四肢处且在与病损相邻的正常皮肤下 ,扩张后修复病损 5 2例。术中采用的扩张器大小及数量依病损面积而定 ,按每修复 1cm× 1cm缺损需扩张器容量 5ml计算。扩张后皮瓣的设计以横向滑行推进为主 ,少设计异位皮瓣 ,以防皮瓣血运障碍。纤维包膜尽量剥除 ,尤其位于基底部的纤维环 ,妨碍皮瓣向前推进 ,应将其切开、剥除。结果　本组 5 2例 ,其中 2 5例将病损完全切除 ,余 2 7例有部分病损遗留 ,但均无继发畸形。术后 6～ 12个月随访 12例患者 ,切口瘢痕轻度增生 ,效果满意。结论　在四肢上有可供扩张的正常皮肤时 ,扩张术仍然是修复四肢病损切除后创面的较好的方法。     

Clinical outcome after surgery on schwannomas in the extremities

BACKGROUND Schwannoma is a benign, encapsulated and slowly growing tumor originating from Schwann cells and is rarely seen in the peripheral nerve system. Typical symptoms are soreness, radiating pain and sensory loss combined with a soft tissue mass.AIM To evaluate pre-and postoperative symptoms in patients operated for schwannomas in the extremities and investigate the rate of malignant transformation.METHODS In this single center retrospective study design, all patients who had surgery for a benign schwannoma in the extremities from May 1997 to January 2018 were included. The location of the tumor in the extremities was divided into five groups; forearm, arm, shoulder, thigh and leg including foot. The locations of the tumor in the nerves were also categorized as either; proximal, distal, minor or major nerve. During the pre-and postoperative clinical evaluation, symptoms were classified as paresthesia, local pain, radiating pain, swelling, impairment of mobility/strength and asymptomatic tumors that were found incidentally(with magnetic resonance imaging). The patients were evaluated after surgery using the following categories: Asymptomatic or symptomatic patients(radiating and/or local pain) and those with complications. The follow up period was from the time of surgery until last examination of the particular physician. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors for postoperative significant symptoms at follow-up.RESULTS We identified 858 cases from the institutional pathology register. We excluded cases with duplicate diagnoses(n = 407), pathology not including schwannomas(n = 157), lesions involving the torso, spine and neck(n = 150) leaving 144 patients for further analysis. In this group 99 patients underwent surgery and there were five complications recorded: 2 infections(treated with antibiotics) and 3 nerve palsies(2 involving the radial nerve and one involving the median nerve) that recovered spontaneously. At the end of follow-up, 1.4 mo(range 0.5-76) postoperatively, we recorded a post-operative decrease in clinical symptoms: Local pain 76%(6/25), radiating pain 97%(2/45), swelling 20%(8/10). Symptoms of paresthesia increased by 2.8%(37/36) and there was no change in motor weakness before and after surgery 1%(1/1). Multivariate analysis showed that tumors located within minor nerves had a significantly higher prevalence of postoperative symptoms compared with tumors in major nerves(odds ratio: 2.63; confidence intervals: 1.22-6.42, P = 0.029). One patient with schwannoma diagnosed by needle biopsy was diagnosed to have malignant transformation diagnosed in the surgically removed tumor. No local recurrences were reported.CONCLUSION Surgery of schwannomas can be conducted with low risk of postoperative complications, acceptable decrease in clinical symptoms and risk of malignant transformation is low.     

Temporary strecker stent for management of acute dissection in popliteal and crural arteries

Stent placement is a widely used bail-out treatment for dissection of peripheral arteries. Below the level of the superficial femoral artery permanent stenting is complicated by a high incidence of subacute thrombosis and restenosis. We present two cases of arterial occlusion due to acute iatrogenic dissection of the popliteal and distal fibular arteries. Successful treatment was achieved with a new bail-out procedure. Strecker stents were implanted to seal off the dissection flap. Stents were retrieved easily after 24 hr using a myocardial biopsy forceps. After stent retrieval the temporarily stented segments were patent and showed a larger lumen compared with segments treated by balloon dilatation alone. Temporary stenting is a simple and safe procedure and offers the advantage of tacking up dissection membranes and preventing recoil. Persistent presence of a metallic implant as a source of continued injury and stimulus for intimal proliferation is avoided.     

曾学文运用经方治疗心系疾病

炙甘草汤、四逆汤、四逆散、真武汤、枳实薤白桂枝汤、葶苈大枣泻肺汤、小青龙汤出自张仲景的《伤寒论》及《金匮要略》,为曾学文治疗心系疾病的常用方。曾学文主任认为其理法方药,阐述了张仲景心系疾病辨证论治的理论和方法,心系疾病发病多因本虚标实,病位在心,"心动则五脏皆摇",可牵及肺、脾、肝、肾,本虚多以心气、心阳不足为主,可累及心阴,标实多以寒邪、痰饮、水湿、血瘀为主,"气、血、水"乃心脏疾病三步曲。     

骨髓动员外周血干细胞移植治疗严重肢体缺血的临床应用

目的:探讨外周血干细胞移植改善严重缺血肢体的作用。方法:15例下肢严重缺血的患者,经骨髓动员后,CS-3000Plus机器采集外周血干细胞,直接移植入缺血肢体中,共移植17人次。结果:采用骨髓动员外周血干细胞分离并移植治疗临床上严重肢体缺血的患者,术后一年,疼痛指数由术前5.0降到术后0,踝肱指数(ABI)由术前0.30提高到术后0.46;6例溃疡5例愈合;无痛行走距离由术前0.15 km提高到术后0.72 km;最大行走距离由术前0.96 km提高到术后2.13 km。结论:骨髓动员外周血干细胞移植能促进缺血肢体新生血管形成,有效改善缺血肢体的疼痛和步行距离,并促进溃疡愈合。     

四肢战创伤院内死亡原因及危险因素的logistic回归分析

目的 探讨四肢战创伤病例中院内死亡的死亡原因及危险因素.方法 对1968年至2002年在战伤救治过程中收治的352例四肢战创伤病例进行回顾性研究,对15例死亡病例尸体剖解结果进行分析以探讨其死亡原因,并采用logistic回归模型对死亡的危险因素进行了多因素统计学分析.以探讨影响死亡的危险因素.结果 352例在院病例中死亡15例,病死率为4.3%.死亡原因主要有急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)7例(46.7%),肺栓塞3例(20.0%),多器官功能衰竭(MOSF)2例(13.3%),气性坏疽3例(20.0%),其中气性坏疽合并ARFl例,合并MOSF 1例.死亡的主要危险因素有:休克、截肢(χ2=93.589、144.716,均P<0.05).结论 四肢战创伤病例主要死亡原因为ARF,对休克病人的及时正确处理以及截肢时机的正确选择有利于减少死亡率.     

四肢软组织肿瘤MRI影像特征分析

目的:探讨四肢软组织肿瘤的MRI特征,以提高诊断准确性.方法:收集经病理证实的四肢软组织肿块38例,分析其MRI征象.结果:38例软组织肿块包括良性肿块31例,恶性肿块7例.除脂肪瘤、脂肪肉瘤及血肿机化在T1WI、T2WI上表现为高信号外,其余肿块T1WI多为等或低信号,T2WI多为高信号或以高信号为主的混杂信号.良性组一般边界清楚,部分病变具有特征性MRI征象.恶性组体积较大,信号不均匀,其中6例邻近组织受侵.结论:MRI能清楚地显示肿瘤的范围、信号特征及与周围组织的关系.某些特征性MRI征象对软组织肿块的正确诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义.     

Secondary arteriovenous malformation due to subclavian vein occlusion

An 80-year-old man underwent rectal resection and insertion of a central venous catheter through the left subclavian vein 16 years earlier. Following surgery, he developed edema of his left upper limb that became exacerbated and infected. Computed tomography showed occlusion of the subclavian vein and multiple arteriovenous shunts from the branches of the axillary artery to the venous sac of the axillary vein. Angiography confirmed numerous shunts between the branches of the axillary artery and vein and dilated collateral veins. Embolization of the venous sac was performed using coils, alcohol, and glue. Postprocedural angiography showed complete eradication of the nidus.     

四肢软组织横纹肌肉瘤的影像学分析

目的探讨四肢软组织横纹肌肉瘤的影像学特征及提高对其诊断水平。资料与方法回顾性分析6例经病理证实的四肢横纹肌肉瘤的影像学表现。5例行MRI增强扫描,2例行CT增强扫描。结果 1例发生于上肢,5例发生于下肢,5例边界较清晰。在MRI上与肌肉相比,T1WI上以等信号为主,2例内部可见线条状留空信号,T2WI呈不均匀高信号,T2WI抑脂序列上呈较均匀的高信号,注射Gd-DTPA增强扫描,3例病灶呈不均匀明显强化,2例病灶强化较均匀;4例可见明显包膜形成,瘤周未见水肿。2例在CT检查中显示病变与肌肉相比在平扫可见等、低密度成分,以前者为主,1例相邻骨质可见溶骨性破坏且瘤内可见散在不规则钙化影,增强扫描轻度及明显强化各1例。结论四肢软组织横纹肌肉瘤无明显影像学特征,若在检查中发现四肢软组织肿块且强化明显时,横纹肌肉瘤应纳入鉴别诊断中,最终确诊依靠病理检查。