DYNAMIC CHANGES OF ITO CELLS IN EXPERIMENTAL LIVER CIRRHOSIS OF RAT

That Ho cells in rat liver express desmin was confirmed by immunohistochemical technique. Consequently, changes of desmin-positive cells, lysozyme-positive cells and fibronectin were further studied in experimental cirrhosis of rat. It was found that desmln- positive cells, with the transitional feature between Ito cells and myofibroblasts or fibrobiasts under electron microscope, increased in number and expression of desmin in the necrotic areas as well as in the cellular fibrous septa, but decreased in number in the fibrous septa except those areas closed to the edges of the septa. These results suggested that Ito cells, myofibroblasts and fibroblasts might belong to the same cellular system and play an important role in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis. Meanwhile, it was also noted that changes of both fibronectin and lysozymepositive cells were correlated with those of desmin-positive cells. These provide evidence in vivo that flbronectin and Kupffer cells might exert certain effects on the migration a     

肝细胞癌与肝硬化和乙型肝炎的关系(500例肝细胞癌和334例肝硬化尸检的病理研究)

肝细胞癌(以下简称肝癌)和乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的关系,在流行病学调查研究中早有所提示.国内外许多调查资料均有这样的报告,即:肝癌高发区自然人群血清乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率一般较肝癌低发区高,肝癌患者血清HBsAg阳性率也明显高于非肝     

以γ-谷氨酰转肽酶为标记对实验性肝癌癌变过程的研究

本文通过测定大鼠血清γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT),并与肝组织γ-GT组织化学和组织化学放射自显影相对照,研究了3′-甲基-4,4’-二甲基偶氮苯(3′-Me-DAB)诱发大鼠肝癌的癌变过程。由于非致癌化学性肝损害(D-半乳糖胺性肝炎)肝组织中γ-GT阴性,而γ-GT阳性的肝细胞结节具有较高的脱氧胸苷(~3HdT)标记指数(32.14％),与阴性结节相比(12.94％)差别显著(P<0.001),因此γ-GT作为肝癌及其癌前病变的标记是有一定的特异性。在大鼠诱癌的全过程中血清γ-GT含量始终高于正常水平,并波动呈马鞍形双峰曲线,结合对肝组织γ-GT组织化学的观察,对双峰曲线形成的病理基础和意义作了讨论,提出肝癌的组织发生至少可能有两种起源方式:(1)增生的卵圆细胞分化成肝细胞后,癌变形成分化差的肝细胞癌;(2)“幸存”的肝细胞发生增生,癌变成为分化较好的肝细胞癌。另外,对不典型增生的肝细胞显示γ-GT强阳性的意义也进行了讨论。     

大鼠早期肝纤维化形成和消退过程中纤维连接蛋白、层粘连蛋白、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白变化的动态观察

以免疫组化方法对CCl_4加低酒精饮水及低胆碱饲料诱发的大鼠早期肝纤维化形成及消退过程中纤维连接蛋白(FN),层粘连蛋白(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(Col Ⅳ)的演变作了观察;何时用免疫单扩散法测定了实验各期大鼠血浆FN。发现实验早期在肝细胞坏死区扩张的血窦壁及周围基质中首先见FN增多,形成早期间隔;以后LN和Col Ⅳ也在此处血窦壁及间隔内血管和新生小胆管的基膜处沉积,但基质中无明显沉积。随实验进展,FN继续增多,并先于胶原纤维在肝内形成完全间隔。肝纤维化消退时,FN消退最快,LN和Col Ⅳ则较慢。血浆FN在实验早期明显上升,以后逐步回降,其变化与肝组织中FN的量并不平行。     

肝癌癌变机理的实验病理研究

肝癌的癌变机理是肿瘤基础理论研究中的一个重要课题。目前发现肝癌的化学致癌剂种类虽多,但它们对肝组织均具有类似的作用,其毒性作用可引起成熟肝细胞的变性和坏死,其刺激作用可引起肝组织中潜在的干细胞(一种原始的未分化细胞——卵圆细胞)的增生,这种增生的干细胞可分化为成熟的肝细胞,在一定条件下(如致癌剂的长期持续作用),由于分化发生障碍而逐步演变为癌     

肾移植9例急性加速型排异反应

本文总结9例接受相同血型尸体肾移植患者,术前血清淋巴细胞毒抗体阴性,术后发生加速型排异反应,经病理检查证实。加速型排异反应属不可逆性体液排异反应,主要病理改变为肾小血管急性炎症和纤维素样坏死,常伴血栓形成、出血和梗死灶,在临床上表现为排异反应时间早、程度严重,常在1～2周内发生移植肾功能衰竭,对大剂量肾上腺醣皮质类固醇治疗无效。及时诊断,早期摘除移植肾,可避免盲目免疫抑制剂治疗招致严重不良后果。并就如何诊断和预防此型排异反应作了讨论。     

影响原发性肝癌预后因素的探讨——224例原发性肝癌临床和病理分析

近年来,国内外对原发性肝癌(简称肝癌)的研究普遍加强,肝癌患者的生存期虽有延长,但仍不显著。本组224例的病后和治后一年生存率分别为30.4%和24.6%,已死亡的198例病后和治后平均生存期为7.9月和5.5月,比近十年国内外大多数报道略有提高。本文试就224例肝癌的临床和病理资料,从肿瘤、机体和治疗等方面探讨影响肝癌预后的有关因素。     

流行性出血热发病机理的研究

流行性出血热的发病机理多年来一直受病毒学说的影响,认为是病毒对人体血管的直接损害而导致发病。因此,缺乏有效治疗措施,仅限于对症处理,病死率较高。     

鸭乙型肝炎病毒感染的研究

Cherry valley ducks were infected by intravenous injection of DHBV positive serum in order to study the intrahepatic distribution of DHBsAg and the relation of the degree of hepatic lesions to viremia and humoral immunologic deficiency after surgical removal of Bursa of Fabricius. The anti-DHBsAg serum prepared in our laboratory showed high specificity. There was no cross reaction with HBsAg and DHBsAg was found to be located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes as well as bile duct epithelial cells which usually showed stronger staining quality. The histopathology of liver revealed normal/mild hepatitis in the control group, moderate/severe hepatitis in the infected group. In comparison, hepatitis in the infected group was more severe in the older ducks than the ducklings, in those viremia-positive ones than in the negative ones, and in the bursectomized than in the non-bursectomized ducks. Evidently, the hepatic lesions were mostly due to DHBV infection in this series, although some other environmental factors could not be ruled out entirely. The present investigation shows that Cherry valley ducks are one of the best spices for experimental DHBV infection, and bursectomized ducks with humoral immunodeficiency might provide a reliable and useful model for the study of pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection.     

评顾绥岳教授主编的《实用外科病理学》

顾绥岳教授从事临床病理诊断工作已近半个世纪,是我国著名的老一辈临床病理学专家。顾教授认真总结了数十年来的宝贵经验,组织了以上海医科大学为主的