Association of genetic variants at MYP10 and MYP15 with high myopia in a Han Chinese population

Background: Previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) has revealed the association between MYP10 at 8p23 and MYP15 at 10q21.1 and high myopia (HM) in a French population. This study is managed to discover the connection between some single nucleotide polymorphism (located at MYP10 and MYP15) and Han Chinese HM.

Methods and Results: This case-control association study contained 1673 samples, including 869 ophthalmic patients and 804 controls. Twelve tag SNPs have been selected from the MYP10 and MYP15 loci and genotyped by SNaPshot method. Among 12 SNPs, rs4840437 and rs6989782 in TNKS gene were found significant association with HM. Carriers of rs4840437G allele and rs4840437GG genotype created a low risk of high myopia (P = .036, OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.71–0.93; P = .016, OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.56–0.96; respectively). Carriers of rs6989782T allele and rs6989782TT+CT genotype also had a decreased risk of high myopia (P = .048, OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71–0.94; P = .006, OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.59–0.92; respectively). Other 10 SNPs displaced nonsignificant association with HM. Additionally, the risk haplotype AC and the protective haplotype GT, generated by two SNPs in TNKS, were considerably more likely to be association with HM (for AC, P = .002 and OR = 1.26; for GT, P = .027 and OR = 0.84).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that some heritable variants in the TNKS gene are associated with HM in the Han population. The possible functions of TNKS in the development and pathogenesis of hereditary high myopia still require further researches to identify.     

胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤减压与固定相关问题探讨（附166例报告）

目的 对胸腰段脊柱脊髓，马尾神经损伤患者的外科治疗及几种内固定方法的疗效进行探讨。方法 对166例患者的治疗进行回顾分析。该组患者中椎体爆裂性骨折37例，椎体压缩骨折超二分之一109例，椎体骨折脱位14例，多节段或跳跃骨折6例，脊髓损伤按Frankel分级，A级59例，B级46例，C级42例，D级19例，治疗采用后路减压复位122例，前路减压复位，髂骨植骨融合44例。结果 术后123例获3-18个月随访，随访患者中随4例RF钉断裂，5例Harrington上钩脱落，6例棍断裂，其余患者内固定稳固，脊髓，马尾神经恢复，除35例仍为A级外，余脊髓神经功能恢复1-3个级别。结论 各种不同内固定可保持或增强脊柱的稳定，胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤的外科治疗应根据骨折类型，脊髓及马尾神经损伤程度选择手术入路及内固定材料。     

SA脂质体介导GFP／bFGF基因在豚鼠耳蜗中的表达

目的 :观察天然碱性脂 (Stearylamine,SA)脂质体介导绿色荧光蛋白 /碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(GFP/bFGF)基因于不同时间段豚鼠耳蜗中的表达 ,为进一步研究耳聋的基因治疗提供实验基础。方法 :取豚鼠 1 6只 ,分成 4组 ,每组 4只。其中 3只右耳圆窗内注入SA -GFP/bFGF复合物 ,1只同法注入生理盐水作为对照。分别于术后第 2、7、1 4、2 1天取材。在荧光显微镜下观察GFP的表达 ,用免疫组化法检测bFGF的转导情况。结果 :荧光显微镜下见双侧耳蜗于术后第 2天开始部分细胞发出绿色荧光 ,第 7天达到高峰 ,支持细胞及内外毛细胞均显荧光 ,细胞轮廓清晰 ;第 1 4天开始减弱 ,第 2 1天消失。免疫组化染色显示 ,除血管纹外 ,耳蜗各回Corti器、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘及螺旋神经节细胞均有高浓度的表达产物 ,对照动物呈阴性表达。结论 :SA脂质体介导的GFP/bFGF基因单耳给药双侧耳蜗均有高效表达 ,为进一步研究基因治疗耳聋提供了可能。     

颅脑损伤患者脑疝前驱期特征性临床征象的研究

目的分析总结外伤性脑疝前驱期特征性临床征象及意义。方法回顾分析我科近5年238例脑疝发生前2h内的临床表现和辅助检查特点，并与同期198例未发生脑疝的重型颅脑损伤患者进行对比分析。结果脑疝组前驱期征象如昏迷加深、烦躁加重、尿失禁、侧脑室和外侧裂受压变窄伴脑基底池受压变窄、生命体征改变具有特征性，其发生率明显高于非脑疝组，两组差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论颅脑损伤患者出现脑疝前驱期特征性临床征象应作为超早期开颅的重要依据，是特殊的、迫切的手术指征。     

Study of drug control over postoperative hemorrhage after selective caesarean section

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of carbetocin and oxytocin in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage after selective caesarean section. Methods: Two hundred and sixteen pregnant women who were going to deliver by caesarean section were randomly divided into two paralleled and controlled groups, of which the oxytocin group(group A) contained 105 women and the carbetocin group(group B) 111 women. 20 IU of oxytocin was administrated during operation for both groups, 10 IU directly into uterus and 10 IU intravenously. When the operation was over, 20 IU of oxytocin was dripped for group A lasting for 8 hours, while for group B 100μg of carbetocin was immediately injected intravenously for 1 minute. Blood loss as well as hemoglobin alteration was measured for the comparison of the effect of the two drugs. Blood biochemical indicators were introduced for the evaluation of the safety of carbetocin including the function of liver and kidney and the fasting glucose.Results: No significant difference was revealed between the two groups concerning the postpartum hemorrhage within 24 hours, the postpartum hemorrhage incidence and the changes of hemoglobin. There was no significant difference in the change of liver and kidney function, fasting glucose and electrolyte changes as well.Conclusions: Carbetocin has a similar effect and safety of oxytocin in controlling the blood loss of selective caesarean section.     

木贼对大白鼠实验性高脂血症的影响及急性毒性实验研究

实验结果表明,木贼高,低剂量组,安妥明组均有显著阻止高脂饲料升高大白鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯作用,表明木贼对大白鼠实验性高脂血症有防治作用。急性毒性实验表明其毒性很低。     

我国较贫困地区农村学龄前儿童膳食状况

对１９８５～１９８９年７省较贫困的１８个乡农村儿童膳食调查资料采用平均摄入量、临界值及概率法进行了总结分析。结果表明，６～２４月龄母乳喂养儿的辅食品种单一，数量不足。断奶儿童各年龄组热能、蛋白质摄入量的平均值分别达ＲＤＡ的９２％～１０４％和７６％～８４％，但以ＲＤＡ为界值，仍有５３％～６２％及７４％～８５％的儿童热能、蛋白质摄入量低，用概率法分析蛋白质、钙、维生素Ａ、Ｂ２、Ｃ及铁摄入不足的人数比例分别是５０％～６０％、９３％～９７％、５１％～８７％、７４％～８６％、５８％～６６％和１２％～４７％。热能、蛋白质摄入量低于ＲＤＡ值儿童的身高、体重明显低于摄入量高于ＲＤＡ值的儿童。     

运动性中枢疲劳及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞MCT mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨运动性中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mRNA表达的变化以及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的影响。方法:12只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和力竭训练1周组,每组6只。通过7天力竭训练建立中枢疲劳模型,观察中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mR-NA表达变化;采用原代培养的大鼠大脑皮质神经元,观察不同浓度乳酸作用后大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的变化。采用Trizol法提取大脑皮质和神经元总RNA;用SYBRAgreenI荧光定量RT-PCR测定MCT1及MCT2mRNA表达变化。结果:整体水平:力竭训练1周组MCT1mRNA表达无明显变化,而MCT2mRNA表达较对照组显著升高6·35±3·54倍(P<0·05)。细胞水平:乳酸作用后,神经元MCT2mRNA表达在pH=7·25时较对照组(pH=7·35组)升高3·08±2·38倍(P<0·05)。但随着乳酸浓度进一步升高,MCT2mRNA表达无明显增加。结果提示,中枢疲劳可能引发大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达升高,MCT2基因表达可能与乳酸在中枢疲劳中的作用有关。     

重型颅脑损伤并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征危险因素分析

目的　探讨重型颅脑损伤并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS)的危险因素。方法对 2 4例重型颅脑损伤并发ARDS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,分析年龄、性别、GCS评分、肋骨骨折、肺挫伤、血气胸、呕吐误吸、PaO2 /FiO2 等相关因素与急性呼吸窘迫综合征的关系。结果年龄、GCS评分、肋骨骨折、肺挫伤、血气胸、呕吐误吸、PaO2 /FiO2 等因素统计学分析有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论年龄、GCS评分、胸部外伤程度、呕吐误吸是重型颅脑损伤并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征的危险因素 ,PaO2 /FiO2 是判断伤情发展趋势的重要指标。