反义端粒酶RNA基因对肝癌细胞的抑制作用

目的：研究逆转录病毒载体介导的反义端粒酶RNA基因对肝癌细胞的抑制作用，探讨通过抑制端粒酶活性治疗肝细胞癌的有效途径。方法：采用电穿孔法将携带正反义端粒酶RNA基因的逆转录病毒载体导入PT67包装细胞，G418筛选获得稳定产病毒细胞株，收集逆转录病毒上清并感染人肝癌HepG2细胞，G418筛选获得稳定转染细胞克隆并扩增培养，经PCR鉴定后，通过MTT法分别检测转染正反义端粒酶RNA基因组肝癌细胞（HepG2-hTR—EcoRⅠ和HepG2-hTR—BamHⅠ）以及未转染端粒酶RNA基因组细胞（HepG2）的生长，免疫荧光化学检测肝癌细胞增殖，TRAP—PCR—ELⅠSA法检测细胞的端粒酶活性，流式细胞术检测各组细胞所处的细胞周期及凋亡率。结果：基因转染后经PCR扩增可于约500bp处检测到目的基因的表达。转染反义端粒酶RNA基因的HepG2一hTR—BamHⅠ组细胞生长受到明显抑制；抗中性粒细胞核增殖抗原（PCNA）表达减少；实验组端粒酶活性为（2．31±0．16），较HepG2-hTR—EcoRⅠ组（3．24±0．20）及HepG2组细胞（3．22±0．17）明显下降（P〈0．01）；流式细胞术检测显示实验组细胞的凋亡率为（9．58±1．38）％，与对照组相比差别具有显著性（P〈0．01）；实验组细胞出现G2／M期阻滞。结论：端粒酶RNA是端粒酶活性表达的一个重要组成部分，通过反义技术下调其表达能够抑制肝癌细胞生长增殖，并诱导其凋亡。     

An intestinal volvulus caused by multiple magnet ingestion: an unexpected risk in children

It has been reported that ingested magnets can cause intestinal fistula formation or perforation, leading to intestinal obstruction. However, there are no previous case reports that magnet ingestion additionally caused an intestinal volvulus. We report herein the case of a 1-year-old boy in whom the ingested magnets caused a volvulus of part of the small intestine leading to the resection of the necrotic portion. We think that if more than one magnet is found as a foreign body in the intestine, they should be removed immediately by laparotomy. Clinicians who care for children should be aware of this unexpected risk.     

精神分裂症患者家属照护体验的质性研究

目的深入了解精神分裂症患者家属(下称患者家属)的照护体验及照护对自身造成的影响,为针对性社区干预提供参考。方法对20名患者家属采取深入访谈和观察法获得其真实感受和体验,采用现象学分析提炼主题。结果获得照护缺乏系统性,获取精神康复知识渠道单一,身心负担过重,经济压力过大,家庭关系恶化5个主题。结论患者家属在照护过程中存在较多问题,应针对性地完善社区护理机构,提供知识、心理援助,减轻其负担,提高照护水平。     

基于不同就诊环节的门诊患者满意度调查及流程改造

目的：明确患者就医需求并获得各环节的具体评价,为就诊流程再造提供思路。方法：一对一访谈形式完成调查问卷。结果：患者对医疗质量表示满意,对时间满意度低于服务态度。讨论：总结影响服务满意度的因素,探讨对策,进行针对性的优化和整改,以提高医疗服务质量。     

新护士带教方法的再探讨

目的探讨一种在新护士带教中既节省时间又全面系统的带教方法。方法便利抽样法选择2008年5月至2011年lO月在保定市第二中心医院妇产科轮转的新护士60名为研究对象。按随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组，每组30名。观察组新护士接受多个老师的带教，对照组新护士按一对一带教。带教3个月后，两组新护士进行综合考评并比较带教效果。结果观察组新护士在操作技术、疾病宣教、护理查房、表格书写、口头提问等方面均优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈O．05）。结论多个老师的带教较一对一带教能使新护士在更短时间内全面、系统地掌握护理知识及治疗方法。     

Differential effects of bFGF on development of the rat retina

A variety of growth factors can influence the expression of differentiated properties by cell types of the developing retina. One unresolved question has been whether these factors can direct the differentiation pathway of uncommitted precursors or whether they act to help the expression of properties by already committed cells. To address this question we have studied the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the differentiation of ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in explant cultures of embryonic rat retinas. Incubation of retinas in the presence of bFGF accelerated the appearance of differentiated ganglion cells and incubation in the presence of anti-bFGF antibodies delayed the appearance. bFGF had no effect on the appearance of differentiated rod photoreceptors as judged by expression of opsin, although all-trans-retinoic acid did increase the number of cells expressing opsin. bFGF inhibited the formation of rod photoreceptor rosettes suggesting that it does influence some properties of rods or the adjacent Müller glial cells. The results suggest that bFGF can alter the timing of differentiation of retinal ganglion cells but not direct their production from retinal precursors.     

The multinucleate cells in giant cell granulomas of the jaw are osteoclasts

The giant cell granuloma of jaw is a well-vascularised lesion comprising a mononuclear cell infiltrate with a large number of giant cells. It has been suggested that the lesion is reparative in nature, rather than neoplastic, and that the giant cells are phagocytes accumulating in chronic reparative granulation tissue. However, the nature of the multinucleate giant cells never has been established. One possibility is that the constituent giant cells are osteoclasts. The authors assessed expression by the giant cells of several osteoclast-specific characteristics: excavation of bone; motility inhibition by calcitonin (CT); and binding of osteoclast specific monoclonal antibodies. Two tumors were disaggregated and incubated on slices of cortical bone in the presence and absence of CT. Both tumors were found to excavate bone, a function unique to osteoclasts. The giant cells also were responsive to CT, resulting in cytoplasmic quiescence and inhibition of bone resorption. Two osteoclast-specific monoclonal antibodies bound all the giant cells in one central and six peripheral tumors examined immunohistochemically. These results provide strong evidence for the osteoclastic nature of the giant cells. The presence of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells forming woven bone in giant cell granulomas suggests that osteoblasts are present in the lesion. As cells of osteoblastic lineage are known to regulate osteoclastic function, it may be that osteoblasts account for the characteristic infiltration of osteoclasts into giant cell granulomas of jaws, either as part of a reparative response by reactive osteoblasts or as an infiltrate induced by osteoblasts of aberrant function, as suggested for giant cell tumors of bone.     

Successful ex vivo normothermic liver perfusion with purely artificial products using artificial blood

We tried to make an ex vivo functioning liver with an artificial perfusate that consisted of artificial blood in the pig liver. A liver graft from a female pig weighing 20 kg was harvested in the usual manner. The perfusion solution consisted of artificial blood, L-15 medium, distilled water, bovine serum albumin, NaHCO3, NaOH, KCl, human regular insulin, 50% glucose solution, and dexamethasone. The isolated liver was perfused with this oxygenated perfusate through the portal vein at a rate of 300 ml/min for 9 hours. Seven livers were perfused for 9 hours in this system. Five of the livers showed mean oxygen consumption of over 8 ml-O2/min during perfusion. Histological findings showed that the hepatic architecture was almost completely preserved and numerous hepatocytes exhibited PAS-positive cytoplasmic glycogen deposits in these livers. These observations indicate that we have succeeded in developing an ex vivo functioning liver with an artificial perfusate employing artificial blood.     

鼠疫耶尔森菌重组酶聚合酶核酸扩增荧光检测方法的建立

目的 建立一种简单,快速的重组酶聚合酶核酸扩增技术检测鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的方法.方法 基于耶尔森氏菌的特异性序列设计引物及探针;通过对不同温度的检测来优化反应温度;通过对不同菌株的DNA模板进行检测评价该方法的特异性;通过对不同稀释浓度的样本DNA模板进行检测来确定灵敏性;通过模拟样品进行应用评价.结果 基于鼠疫耶尔森菌的...