Sleep disturbances, socioeconomic status, and seizure control as main predictors of quality of life in epilepsy

Improving quality of life is the most important goal for patients with epilepsy. To recognize the factors associated with quality of life in patients with epilepsy in Mexico, we performed a cross-sectional survey using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy 31 (QOLIE-31) inventory to assess the quality of life of 401 adult patients with epilepsy at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico. Clinical and demographical data were collected. Multiple regression was used to determine which factors affected quality of life in our patients. The variables that most strongly predicted a lower QOLIE-31 total score after multiple regression were sleep disorders (P<0.001), socioeconomic status (P<0.001), female gender (P=0.002), and high seizure frequency (P=0.001). In our study, neither depression nor time of evolution of epilepsy had significant influence on QOLIE-31 scores.     

Association of subjective anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance with quality-of-life ratings in adults with epilepsy

Purpose :  To determine the relative contributions of subjective anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and seizure-related variables to quality-of-life scores in adults with epilepsy, and the interrelationships among these factors.
Methods :  Consecutive adult patients with epilepsy attending neurology outpatient clinics were recruited. Patients completed the following scales: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31). Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to identify variables associated with QOLIE-31 overall score. Path analysis model was constructed to test for interrelations between the variables.
Results :  Two hundred forty-seven patients completed the questionnaires. By multivariate analysis, in order of degree of contribution, HADS anxiety subscale score, MOS Sleep Scale Sleep Problems Index score, HADS depression subscale score, number of current antiepileptic drugs used, and seizure freedom in the past 4 weeks, significantly correlated with QOLIE-31 overall score, accounting for 65.2% of the variance. Complex interrelationships were present between these factors. A general linear model to predict QOLIE-31 overall score in the presence of these factors was constructed.
Conclusion :  Subjective anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance exerted greater effect than short-term seizure control on quality of life scores of patients with epilepsy. These factors should be considered simultaneously when evaluating effects of treatment on quality of life.     

Influence of clinical,demographic, and socioeconomic variables on quality of life in patients with epilepsy: findings from Georgian study

OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors that are associated with a poor quality of life in patients with epilepsy in Georgia. METHODS: Clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic status data were collected from 115 adult epileptic outpatients being treated in the epilepsy programme at the Sarajishvili Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (SINN) in Tbilisi, Georgia. Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) was measured by the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine which variables were associated with QOLIE-31 total and subcomponent scores. RESULTS: Mean age of the patient population was 37.9 (SD 15.8) years; 43.5% were females; 51.8% did not have a partner; 39.1% had some university education; 82.6% were unemployed. Of 115 epileptic patients 83.3% had partial, and 16.7% had generalised seizures. Overall, 32.2% of patients were seizure free, and 28.7% experienced more than 10 seizures over the past year. The variables that most strongly predicted a lower QOLIE-31 total score were a low education level, high seizure frequency, and long duration of epilepsy. The QOLIE-31 all subcomponent scores correlated strongly with seizure frequency. Advanced age was a significant predictor for a low overall quality of life, energy/fatigue, and cognitive scores. Female sex was the factor that significantly predicted a low seizure worry score. Education level strongly correlated with overall quality of life, and cognitive and social functioning scores. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical factors such as high seizure frequency and long duration of epilepsy had a significant influence on HRQL. Advanced age, female sex, and a low education level were the demographic factors that correlated strongly with low quality of life scores.     

拉莫三嗪对癫痫患者生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价拉莫三嗪对癫痫患者生活质量的影响。方法：采用多中心、前瞻性的研究方法，对新诊断癫痫患者应用拉莫三嗪治疗，并在基线期及用药6个月后，采用QOLIE-31、MOSSF-36量表、数字符号转换测验、HAMD抑郁量表和女性专用调查问卷对患者进行生活质量评价。结果：共纳入新诊断癫痂患者282例。MOSSF-36量表的8个项目得分在用药后均有显著提高（P〈0．01）；QOLIE-31问卷中“对癫痫的担心”、“情绪”、“活力”、“认知”、“药物不良反应”、“社会功能”及“总体自身健康评价”项目得分在用药后均有显著提高（P〈0．01）。用药后，患者Hamilton抑郁量表平均3．65分，显著低于基线期6．42分（P〈0．01）；数字符号转换测验得分在用药后与基线期比较有显著提高（P〈0．01）。结论：拉莫三嗪初始单药治疗能在一定程度上改善新诊断癫痫患者的生活质量。     

What is the role of depressive symptoms among other predictors of quality of life in people with well-controlled epilepsy on monotherapy?

The quality of life (QOL) of individuals with well-controlled epilepsy (WCE) is often not considered. We therefore investigated predictors determining QOL in patients who had been seizure free at least 1 year on stable antiepileptic drug (AED) monotherapy. They were asked to complete self-report health questionnaires, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Adverse Event Profile (AEP), and Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31). We looked for predictors of QOLIE-31 scores among the various demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors and BDI, and AEP scores. Depression symptoms were manifested by 18.7% of patients. People with depression symptoms were more likely to report adverse events than those without depression symptoms. The strongest predictor of QOL was BDI score, followed by AEP total score, years of education, and income. BDI score had 3.37 times the effect of AEP total score. In conclusion, QOL of patients with WCE is determined mainly by depressive symptoms.     

Determinants of quality of life in people with epilepsy and their gender differences

Improving the patient's quality of life (QOL) is the most important goal of epilepsy management. We performed this study to determine the factors associated with QOL in people with epilepsy and to assess whether there are gender differences in these determinants. Patients were interviewed using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31(QOLIE-31), the Adverse Event Profile (AEP), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). Two hundred forty-seven patients (152 men, 95 women) were included in the analysis. Among all patients, regressive analyses showed that AEP score was the strongest predictor of the QOLIE-31 overall score, accounting for 10.4% of the variance. The next strongest predictors were the number of currently used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (3.6%), the HAMD score (2.5%), and the SAS score (1.2%). Importantly, there were gender differences in these predictors of QOL. The strongest predictors of the QOLIE-31 overall score in women were the AEP score and the number of AEDs. In contrast, the strongest predictors in men were the SAS score, the AEP score and the frequency of seizures. These results indicate that perceived adverse effects of treatments and number of AEDs exerted greater effects on QOL in women, whereas anxiety and seizure-related variables had a stronger impact on QOL among men. Accordingly, it may be necessary to individualize interventions to improve the QOL of people with epilepsy.     

Assessment of health-related quality of life and influencing factors using QOLIE-31 in Japanese patients with epilepsy

The aim of epilepsy treatment is not only to eliminate seizures, but also to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We conducted a postal self-administered survey of HRQOL for Japanese patients using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy inventory (QOLIE-31), Version 1.0, and analyzed factors influencing their quality of life (QOL). Data from 599 analyzable patients were evaluated and a number of factors influencing QOL were identified, including severity and frequency of seizures, seizure control, type of epilepsy, contributing events such as injuries and falls during seizures, number of antiepileptic drugs, employment status, and surgical outcome. These findings suggest that comprehensive management of the patient should be emphasized. Consideration of all the results led to classification of these factors as one of two types: “all or nothing” and “linear.” With respect to “all or nothing” factors (e.g. “daytime remarkable seizures”), patients may not be able to improve their QOL unless these factors can be completely controlled. Comparison of each score on the QOLIE-31 subscales with published data revealed that the scores for the subscale Medication Effects were markedly low.     

Seizure reduction and quality of life improvements in people with epilepsy

PURPOSE: Previous research suggests that seizure freedom may be necessary to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for epilepsy surgery patients, but little is known regarding the seizure-frequency reduction needed to improve HRQOL among medically treated individuals. METHODS: With data from 134 adults with refractory complex partial seizures participating in a randomized controlled antiepileptic drug (AED) trial, we compared the change in HRQOL across groups having different levels of change in seizure frequency: 100%, 75-99%, 50-74% reduction, and 0-50% increase or decrease. Changes over time within each seizure-reduction group also were assessed. HRQOL was measured by the QOLIE-31, QOLIE-89, and SF-36. RESULTS: Subjects who became seizure free reported significantly more positive change than those who did not on the QOLIE-31 and QOLIE-89 overall scores, the QOLIE-89 mental health, physical health, and epilepsy-targeted composites, as well as the SF-36 mental health summary score. Changes over time in overall QOLIE-31 and QOLIE-89 scores were significantly more positive for subjects who achieved seizure freedom (i.e., 100% reduction in seizure frequency) than for those who did not. No significant change in QOLIE-31 and QOLIE-89 overall scores was observed for subjects who did not achieve seizure freedom. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, HRQOL improvement occurred primarily among patients who achieved complete seizure freedom. Many AED trials use a 50% seizure-frequency reduction criterion as a trial end point, but measurable impacts of this degree of reduction in seizure frequency on HRQOL in this sample were not observed. These results further support striving for seizure freedom as an epilepsy care goal.     

Factors affecting the quality of life in patients with epilepsy in Seoul, South Korea

OBJECTIVES: The level of, and factors affecting the quality of life (QOL) in patients with epilepsy may be different in Korea where social prejudice toward them is still pronounced. However, these issues have not yet been addressed properly. METHODS: We consecutively identified 154 epilepsy patients who visited the outpatient clinic at the Seoul National University Hospital. An interview was performed by two research nurses with the use of a standardized questionnaire, which included data pertaining to seizure characteristics, symptoms of depression/anxiety, social support, family life/social life satisfaction, and the activities of daily living (ADLs). The QOL was assessed with the use of QOL in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-31). RESULTS: Factors affecting the QOL were: age (P<0.01), education in years (P<0.01), employment status (P<0.05), employment type (P<0.05), current economic status (P<0.05), seizure frequency (P<0.01), the number of antiepileptic drugs (P<0.01), family life/social life dissatisfaction (P<0.01, respectively), social support (P<0.01), the symptoms of anxiety and depression (P<0.01, respectively) and ADL dysfunction (P<0.01). In multiple regression analysis, the symptom of anxiety was the most important factor in explaining lower QOL in patients with epilepsy, while depression (P<0.01), social life dissatisfaction (P<0.01), ADL dysfunction (P<0.05) and seizure frequency (P<0.05) were also significant factors. CONCLUSION: Psycho-social factors outweighed the physical factors in determining QOL in Korean epilepsy patients. Recognition of these factors will lead health professionals to develop different strategies to improve the QOL of these patients.     

拉莫三嗪与卡马西平对新诊断癫（疒间）患者认知功能及生活质量影响的对照研究

目的研究新型抗癫药物拉莫三嗪(LTG)和传统抗癫药物卡马西平(CBZ)对新诊断部分发作性癫患者认知功能和生活质量的影响。方法采用随机、对照的临床研究方法,将符合标准的50例癫患者进行一组神经心理学和癫患者生活质量量表31(QOLIE31),以及头颅CT/MR、脑电图等检查,之后随机分别给予CBZ和LTG治疗。12周后复查相同检查。结果CBZ组治疗后较治疗前:逻辑延迟记忆下降,数字符号减少,QOLIE31中综合QOL和总体健康水平得分增加((P<0.05或0.01)),但药物影响和认知功能得分均下降(P<0.01);LTG组治疗后较治疗前:A型、B型连线测验时间、stroop读色时间减少,逻辑记忆、逻辑延迟记忆、计算力以及数字符号增加(P<0.05或0.01),QOLIE31中情绪、总体健康水平、精力/疲乏、社会功能得分增加(P<0.05或0.01),药物影响得分下降(P<0.01),认知功能得分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。CBZ与LTG组治疗前后差值比较:LTG组A型连线时间减少(P<0.01),stroop读字正确数、逻辑延迟记忆、数字符号增加(P<0.05或0.01),LTG在药物影响和认知功能得分均优于CBZ组(P<0.01)。结论LTG在一定程度上可以改善新诊断部分发作性癫患者认知功能和生活质量。目的研究新型抗癫药物拉莫三嗪(LTG)和传统抗癫药物卡马西平(CBZ)对新诊断部分发作性癫患者认知功能和生活质量的影响。方法采用随机、对照的临床研究方法,将符合标准的50例癫患者进行一组神经心理学和癫患者生活质量量表31(QOLIE31),以及头颅CT/MR、脑电图等检查,之后随机分别给予CBZ和LTG治疗。12周后复查相同检查。结果CBZ组治疗后较治疗前:逻辑延迟记忆下降,数字符号减少,QOLIE31中综合QOL和总体健康水平得分增加((P<0.05或0.01)),但药物影响和认知功能得分均下降(P<0.01);LTG组治疗后较治疗前:A型、B型连线测验时间、stroop读色时间减少,逻辑记忆、逻辑延迟记忆、计算力以及数字符号增加(P<0.05或0.01),QOLIE31中情绪、总体健康水平、精力/疲乏、社会功能得分增加(P<0.05或0.01),药物影响得分下降(P<0.01),认知功能得分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。CBZ与LTG组治疗前后差值比较:LTG组A型连线时间减少(P<0.01),stroop读字正确数、逻辑延迟记忆、数字符号增加(P<0.05或0.01),LTG在药物影响和认知功能得分均优于CBZ组(P<0.01)。结论LTG在一定程度上可以改善新诊断部分发作性癫患者认知功能和生活质量。     

Prevalence of convulsive epilepsy and health-related quality of life of the population with convulsive epilepsy in rural areas of Tibet Autonomous Region in China: an initial survey

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence rate of convulsive epilepsy and the treatment gap in some rural areas of Tibet Autonomous Region in China, to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with epilepsy and identify factors contributing to their QOL. METHODS: A door-to-door epidemiological survey using randomized cluster sampling was conducted in a rural population in Tibet. A screening questionnaire for convulsive epilepsy was used. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected from patients confirmed as having convulsive epilepsy. QOL was measured with the Quality of Life in Epilepsy inventory (QOLIE-31). Factors associated with QOLIE-31 total and subcomponent scores were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 14,822 people were screened. Of these, 37 were confirmed to have convulsive epilepsy, which was active in 35. Lifetime prevalence was estimated to be 2.5 per 1000 in this population. Nearly 60% of patients received traditional Tibetan treatment; 97% of the patients with active epilepsy did not receive reasonable antiepileptic therapy in the week before the survey (treatment gap). The mean QOLIE-31 total score was 42.2 (SD 17.6), with the lowest subcomponent score 22.6 (SD 20.3) for Seizure Worry and the highest 85.8 (SD 18.6) for Medication Effects. High seizure frequency, low economic status, advanced age, late seizure onset, and high education level significantly correlated with low QOLIE-31 total and/or subcomponent scores. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rate for epilepsy was relatively lower than reported for other rural regions; however, the large treatment gap and poor QOL indicated the pressing needs for medical, financial, and social support in this population.     

Differentiating anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with partial epilepsy

Anxiety and depression are separate psychiatric conditions that are often interrelated. This study examines whether they exist independently in this population of patients with partial epilepsy and if they affect all quality-of-life domains. Adult epilepsy patients taking two or more antiepileptic drugs completed a health status survey including demographic items, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 (QOLIE-10). The questionnaire was completed by 201 epilepsy patients. Symptom prevalences of anxiety (52% none, 25% mild, 16% moderate, 7% severe) and depression (62% none, 20% mild, 14% moderate, 4% severe) were high. All health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) domains worsened significantly with increasing levels of anxiety and depression: Total QOLIE-10 scores decreased from 72+/-18 in patients with no anxiety to 54+/-13 in those with mild, 48+/-18 in those with moderate, and 40+/-23 in those with severe anxiety (P<0.0001). Total QOLIE-10 scores decreased from 70+/-16 in patients with no depression to 50+/-16 in those with mild, 45+/-16 in those with moderate, and 24+/-21 in those with severe depression (P<0.0001). No significant difference in anxiety scores was observed controlling for seizure frequency or epilepsy duration. Regression analyses showed that anxiety and depression account for different proportions of variance as predictors of HRQOL (R2=0.337 (anxiety) and 0.511 (depression)). The data suggest that patients may benefit from increased attention to the role of anxiety separately from depression.     

Quality of life in medication-resistant epilepsy: the effects of patient's age, age at seizure onset, and disease duration

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the effects of age, age at seizure onset, and duration of epilepsy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with medication-resistant epilepsy. METHODS: We analyzed data for a sample of 99 patients with medication-resistant epilepsy drawn from admissions to the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit. Patients had completed the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-89 (QOLIE-89), Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Adverse Events Profile. Number of comorbidities and number of antiepileptic drugs were abstracted from the chart. The dependent variable was QOLIE-89 overall score. The data were analyzed using ordinary least-squares regression. RESULTS: The simple regression results showed no significant effect of patient's age on QOLIE-89 (P=0.354), whereas age at onset and duration had significant effects (P=0.004 and P=0.012, respectively); the higher the age at onset and the shorter the disease duration, the lower the HRQOL. After adding POMS Depression/Dejection, Adverse Events Profile, comorbidities, and antiepileptic drugs, the effects of age at onset and duration were no longer significant (P=0.084 and P=0.207). CONCLUSIONS: Adult-onset epilepsy can disrupt one's established social, economic, and psychological life, while better coping mechanisms and social support may improve HRQOL as the duration of epilepsy increases. The modest association of age at onset and disease duration with HRQOL is explained away by mood states and adverse events, which are much stronger predictors of HRQOL. Interventions to improve HRQOL in patients with medication-resistant epilepsy should, therefore, focus on treating mood disturbances and minimizing medication side effects.     

Manic/hypomanic symptoms and quality of life measures in patients with epilepsy

PurposeAlthough several studies pointed out an association between depression and quality of life (QoL) of patients with epilepsy, data about manic/hypomanic symptoms (MHS) remain scanty. In this study, we sought to investigate their relationship with social and health-related QoL measures in patients with epilepsy.MethodsConsecutive adult outpatients with epilepsy were assessed using the M.I.N.I. Plus version 5.0.0 and the QOLIE-31.ResultsAmong 117 evaluated patients, 17 fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for manic/hypomanic episodes. Patients with MHS, as compared to those without, showed lower scores in emotional well-being, energy and fatigue, medication effects, social function and total QOLIE score. However, there was no between-groups difference in educational achievements, employment status, living situation, comorbid psychiatric disorders, history of suicide or abuse of illicit drugs.ConclusionsMHS are associated with poor QoL measures in patients with epilepsy, though without differences in educational achievements, employment status and independent living.     

Health-related quality of life in Russian adults with epilepsy: The effect of socio-demographic and clinical factors

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate socio-demographic and clinical factors influencing the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of adult patients with epilepsy in a naturalistic treatment setting in Russia.MethodsThe QOLIE-31 questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were completed by 208 patients with a broad clinical spectrum of epilepsy (the mean age was 31.49 ± 13.20 years and ranged from 18 to 74 years).ResultsIn Russian adult patients with epilepsy, lower mean QOLIE-31 scores were obtained compared with previously published international data for overall HRQOL, emotional well-being, and cognitive functioning and social functioning subscales (p < 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed that duration of epilepsy negatively correlated with all QOLIE-31 subscores (p < 0.05), except for emotional well-being (p = 0.1). In multivariate regression analysis, BDI depression score was the predictor of overall score and all QOLIE-31 domains, except for emotional well-being. Age could be considered as a predictor of cognitive and social functioning, medical effects, and the total QOLIE -31 score. Seizure frequency was a factor associated with all HRQOL domains, except for medication effects and emotional well-being, whereas gender, education, family status, seizure type, employment, lateralization of epileptic foci, number of antiepileptic drugs, and the reported adverse events did not significantly affect HRQOL.ConclusionThe present study has revealed that longer duration of epilepsy, older age, higher seizure frequency, and depression are the potential predictors of worse HRQOL in adult Russian patients with epilepsy.     

Treatment of epilepsy in daily clinical practice: have outcomes improved over the past 10 years?

In the past decade, many new antiepileptic drugs have become available, but their influence on patient outcomes in daily practice is not well known. In a community-based study, we assessed changes in epilepsy treatment and outcomes over a 10-year period. We compared two cross-sectional community-based samples that were obtained from the same Dutch suburban region in 2000 and 2010 using pharmacy records for recruitment, including 344 and 248 epilepsy patients, respectively. The main outcome was self-reported quality of life (QoL, using the QOLIE-31). Potential predictors of QoL (adverse effects, seizure control, seizure acceptability, demographic, epilepsy- or treatment-related determinants) were assessed by multivariable linear regression. New antiepileptic drugs were used by 9 % of patients in 2000 and 34 % in 2010, P < 0.001. More than 80 % in both samples reported to be treated by a neurologist. We found no significant differences in QOLIE-31 scores (72.57 vs. 72.44), or in the proportion of patients with complete seizure control (51 vs. 54 %), between the two study samples. Seizure control and adverse effects were important independent predictors of quality of life, explaining 58 % of the variance. We found no evidence that in this community the QoL of epilepsy patients has improved in the last decade, despite unrestricted availability of healthcare resources, including accessibility to new AEDs. The relatively low proportion with complete seizure control and the high rate of adverse effects in these community-based samples suggest that the effectiveness of epilepsy treatment is still far from optimal.     

抑郁、焦虑对癫(癎)患者健康相关生存质量的影响

目的 调查癫(癎)患者健康相关生存质量和情绪健康状况,探讨各种因素对患者生存质量的影响.方法 使用世界卫生组织(WHO)生存质量量表中文版简表(QOL-BREF)附加癫(癎)生存质量量表(QOLIE)-31(中文版)、抑郁自评量表(SD5)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行生存质量和心境健康状况调查.多元逐步回归分析各种因素对生存质量的影响.结果 癫(癎)患者(n=141)在WHOQOL-BREF的生理、心理领域得分(分别为12.7±1.8、12.4 4-1.9)比常模下降(15.1±2.3、13.9±1.9,t=11.75、8.625,P<0.05);有抑郁情绪者占57.4 % ,有焦虑情绪者占39.7 % .合并抑郁、焦虑情绪的癫(癎)患者在除外QOLIE-31药物的影响领域的生存质量各个领域得分均减低;多元逐步回归结果显示,影响QOLIE总分的3个因素按影响作用大小依次是焦虑、抑郁和病程.结论 合并抑郁、焦虑情绪障碍,病程长是癫(癎)患者生存质量下降的重要因素.     

Determinants of quality of life in people with epilepsy in Serbia

PurposeThis study aimed at finding determinants of quality of life in people with epilepsy (PWE) living in Belgrade, Serbia.MethodIn this study, we recruited consecutive adults with epilepsy attending our outpatient department. Adult patients (age range: 18–65 years) of normal intelligence and without any progressive neurological disease or psychiatric disorder were included in the study. They completed the following questionnaires: QOLIE-31 Inventory (Serbian version), Beck's Depression Inventory-II, Beck's Anxiety Inventory, Symptom Check List-90, and Neurotoxicity Scale-II. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the predictive effects of some factors on QOLIE-31 Inventory.ResultsThe mean QOLIE-31 score of 203 patients who completed the questionnaires was 70.64 ± 17.74. Sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, and employment) did not significantly predict QOLIE-31 score. Significant determinants of quality of life were clinical characteristics – seizure severity and etiology of epilepsy – accounting for 30.9% of the variance, depressive and anxiety symptoms accounting for 42.8% of the variance, and cognitive effects of antiepileptic drugs, accounting for 1.5% above other variables.ConclusionsThe results suggest that seizure severity and etiology of epilepsy, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and cognitive adverse medication effects are main determinants of quality of life in this population of PWE.     

心理干预对癫患者生活质量影响的研究

目的调查癫患者的生活质量,评价心理干预对癫患者生活质量的影响。方法对60例符合入选标准的癫患者和正常对照者60例,进行癫患者生活质量量表-31(QOLIE-31中文版)评估,并对癫患者进行心理干预,干预后6个月再次进行癫患者生活质量量表-31评估。结果癫组较对照组生活质量明显降低(P<0.01)。心理干预治疗后,癫组生活质量评分明显增高(P<0.05)。结论癫患者生活质量明显下降,只有加强包括药物治疗、心理治疗在内的综合治疗,才能真正提高癫患者的生活质量。