颅咽管瘤中β-catenin基因的表达及临床意义

目的探讨β-catenin基因和颅咽管瘤病理类型及预后的关系。方法用免疫组化技术检测β-catenin基因在50例颅咽管瘤细胞和20例正常脑组织标本中的表达。结果颅咽管瘤组织中β-catenin蛋白的异常表达率高于正常对照组（P〈0．05），釉质上皮型颅咽管瘤组织中β-catenin蛋白的异常表达率高于鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤（P〈0．05），颅咽管瘤复发者β-catenin蛋白的异常表达率高于非复发者（P〈0．05）。结论β-catenin基因的异常表达激活的异常Wnt通路改变可能在釉质上皮型颅咽管瘤的发生中起重要作用，同时颅咽管瘤细胞中β-catenin基因的异常表达，增加了肿瘤细胞的侵袭能力，使肿瘤的复发率增高。     

颅咽管瘤的临床特征与预后的相关因素分析

目的研究影响颅咽管瘤术后治疗效果的相关临床因素。方法回顾性分析60例颅咽管瘤患者的临床资料。结果肿瘤全切40例,次全切14例,大部分切除6例;症状改善（有效）44例,恶化10例,死亡6例。术后病理学结果显示釉质上皮型49例,鳞状乳头型11例。釉质上皮型肿瘤直径为2-4cm所占比例（32．7％,16／49）明显低于鳞状乳头型（81．8％,9／11,P〈0．05）,而直径〉4cm所占比例（61．2％,30／49）明显高于鳞状乳头型（9．1％,1／11,P〈0．05）,釉质上皮型肿瘤呈实性所占比例（6．8％,4／49）明显低于鳞状乳头型（36．4％,4／11,P〈0．05）。手术有效的患者中肿瘤大部分切除所占比例（2．3％,1／44）明显低于手术无效（恶化＋死亡）的患者（31．3％,5／16,P〈0．05）。结论不同病理学类型的颅咽管瘤患者在肿瘤大小及肿瘤成分上存在较大差异,肿瘤切除程度是影响颅咽管瘤患者手术治疗效果的重要因素。     

SYBR荧光实时定量PCR检测不同病理类型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达

目的定量研究细胞间粘附分子基因(ICAM—1 mRNA)在不同病理类型颅咽管瘤的表达差异及意义。方法收集30例经手术治疗的颅咽管瘤标本,采用SYBR荧光实时定量PCR法检测 ICAM-1 mRNA在肿瘤组织的表达,并对表达结果行统计学分析。结果造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤 ICAM-1mRNA表达量为(62．18±6．43)×103 copies／μg,鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达量为 (1．13±0．17)×103 copies／μg,造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤ICAM-1 mRNA表达量显著性高于鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤(P<0．01)。结论两种病理类型颅咽管瘤ICAM—1 mRNA表达存在显著性差异,此差异性可能与两种病理类型颅咽管瘤不同的肿瘤炎症有关。     

颅咽管瘤中BCL-2蛋白的表达及意义

目的　分析颅咽管瘤中凋亡抑制基因BCL - 2在蛋白水平的表达 ,探讨其在颅咽管瘤生长机制中的意义。方法　选取经手术及病理证实的颅咽管瘤 4 9例 ,采用免疫组化法检测BCL 2蛋白的表达。结果　BCL 2的阳性表达程度在不同病理类型的颅咽管瘤上有显著差异 ,造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤的表达强度显著高于鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤 (P <0 0 1)。结论　BCL 2在不同病理类型的颅咽管瘤中的表达呈现明显的区别 ,提示 :凋亡调控机制的失控可能是造釉型颅咽管瘤生长的重要机制之一 ;胚胎残余组织的继续增殖学说更能解释造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤的起源可能。     

DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达与颅咽管瘤预后的关系

目的检测颅咽管瘤组织中DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα(DNATopoⅡα)的表达情况,分析其表达与肿瘤复发的关系,探讨其是否可作为判定颅咽管瘤预后的一个有效指标。方法设计前瞻性队列研究方案,采用免疫组化方法和图像分析技术测定63例颅咽管瘤组织切片中DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达水平,评价颅咽管瘤釉质上皮瘤与鳞状乳头瘤病理亚型、复发组与非复发组、原发组与复发组之间肿瘤细胞的增殖能力。结果32例釉质上皮瘤14例复发,31例鳞状乳头瘤6例复发;釉质上皮瘤与鳞状乳头瘤病理亚型之间以及复发组与非复发组肿瘤之间DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达水平有显著性差异(P<0.05),而原发组与复发组肿瘤之间DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论颅咽管瘤的病理亚型以及DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达水平与肿瘤的预后和复发有关,可作为预测肿瘤复发危险性的一个参考指标;DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的表达水平在原发组和复发组肿瘤之间无显著性差异,提示肿瘤在复发过程中瘤细胞的增殖活性无明显变化。     

颅咽管瘤β-连接素表达及其基因突变分析

目的分析不同病理类型颅咽管瘤的β-连接素表达特征及基因外显子3突变的意义。方法研究我院自2004年1月至2006年1月共23例颅咽管瘤标本,其中造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤20例、鳞状乳头型3例,应用免疫组化方法检测β-连接素表达特征,同时分析其基因外显子3的突变情况。结果免疫组化结果显示,β-连接素在造釉细胞瘤型颅咽管瘤的细胞核及细胞浆中表达,而在鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤中仅见细胞膜表达;基因突变分析显示,40%的造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤β-连接素基因在外显子3上发生突变,鳞状乳头型无此突变。结论造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤和鳞状乳头型颅咽管瘤不仅在临床病理上,而且在分子水平也存在差异。β-连接素基因外显子3的突变在造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤的发生、发展中可能起一定作用。     

牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤基因表达的基因芯片研究

目的建立牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤的基因表达谱，筛选差异表达基因，并探讨其与牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤的关系。方法采用cDNA微阵列分析牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤组织与正常垂体柄组织基因表达谱的变化，应用实时荧光定量PCR技术验证cDNA微阵列检测出差异基因的可靠性，分析牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤组织相关基因的差异表达。结果发现釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤与正常垂体组织之间差异性表达基因453条，其中前者表达下调258条，表达下调195条。结论牙釉质细胞型颅咽管瘤的发生可能涉及到细胞转录、细胞增殖、细胞凋亡等诸多方面，其相关基因表达的变化及其临床和病理学意义尚需进一步验证。     

miR-200家族及侵袭相关基因ZEB1、ZEB2和CTNNB1在颅咽管瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的 检测miR-200家族及侵袭相关基因ZEB1、ZEB2和CTNNB1在颅咽管瘤组织中的表达并初步探讨其在颅咽管瘤侵袭性生长中的作用.方法 收集四川大学华西医院自2017年6月-2018年12月经手术切除的造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤(ACP)30例和鳞状上皮乳头型颅咽管瘤(PCP)30例的新鲜标本,手术切除的失活脑组织作为...     

颅咽管瘤钙化与CD44V6的关系

目的分析颅咽管瘤组织中CD44V6的表达与颅咽管瘤钙化的关系。方法收集2004年5月～2006年3月经手术治疗的颅咽管瘤标本54例。根据术中所见及影像学表现确定肿瘤钙化程度，采用苏木精一伊红染色分析肿瘤组织类型，免疫组化法检测CD44V6在肿瘤组织中的表达情况。结合临床资料分析钙化程度与CD44V6表达强度的关系。结果成釉细胞型颅咽管瘤41例，鳞状细胞型颅咽管瘤13例。经Mann—Whitney U检验分析，成釉细胞型颅咽管瘤CD44V6的表达显著高于鳞状细胞型颅咽管瘤（Z=-4．813，P〈0．001）。经Spearman相关分析，在成釉细胞型中随着钙化程度的增加，CD44V6表达程度显著增强（rs=0．527，P〈0．01）。结论CD44V6与颅咽管瘤的钙化密切相关，可能是影响其钙化程度的重要因素。     

整合素αvβ3在颅咽管瘤中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的检测颅咽管瘤组织中整合素αvβ3的表达,并观察其与肿瘤复发的关系。方法本研究包括32例釉质上皮型(AE)和33例鳞状乳头型(SPT)颅咽管瘤病例,根据各组术后复发情况再分为复发组和非复发组,采用免疫组化(SABC法)测定整合素αvβ3在各组中的表达情况。结果 32例AE型组11例患者复发,33例SPT型组3例患者复发。AE型组与SPT型组间复发率和整合素αvβ3表达差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);各组中复发组与非复发组间整合素αvβ3表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论颅咽管瘤的病理亚型和整合素αvβ3的表达与肿瘤预后及复发有关,可能预测肿瘤复发危险性。     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

Sense of coherence as a predictor of subjective state of health: results of 4 years of follow-up of adults

A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.