CT导引下穿刺注射无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿

目的　评估CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水乙醇治疗的临床经验。方法　 4 4 5例 5 10个肾囊肿于CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿抽液后注射无水乙醇治疗 ,4 4 5例中 385例为单发肾囊肿 ,5 3例多发肾囊肿 ,7例多囊肾。囊肿直径为 1.9～ 13.5cm。用 18～ 2 1G抽吸针穿刺抽吸 ,抽出囊液量为 3～780ml。注入 99.7%乙醇 ,乙醇量以抽出囊液的 2 5 %为合适。结果　本组 396例 (42 7个囊肿 )用CT扫描或超声检查随访 ,随访时间为 3个月到 1年以上 ,单发肾囊肿疗效为 97% ,其中囊腔消失为 82 % ,多发肾囊肿疗效为 95 % ,其中囊腔消失为 79% ,多囊肾疗效为 6 7%。并发症为局部疼痛 (2 8例 ) ,血尿 (4例 ) ,无严重并发症出现。结论　CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿乙醇治疗对单发肾囊肿和多发囊肿是一种有价值的治疗方法     

肾囊肿的穿刺硬化剂治疗（附235例报告）

目的：总结ＣＴ导引下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿的经验。材料与方法：２３５例２７０个肾囊肿经皮穿刺抽吸酒精治疗，其中１８６例为单纯肾囊肿，４４例多发囊肿，５例多囊肾。囊肿大小直径为１．９～１３．５ｃｍ。用１９～２１Ｇ抽吸针穿刺抽吸，抽出囊液为３～７８０ｍｌ。注入９９．７％无水酒精，酒精量以抽出囊液的２５．０％为合适。结果：本组随访病例９７例（１０６个肾囊肿），随访时间为３个月以内到１年以上，单纯囊肿疗效为９７．１％，其中囊腔消失为７２．１％；多发囊肿和多囊肾的疗效为７６．３％，其中囊肿消失为３６．８％。并发症为局部疼痛（６．４％），无严重的并发症。结论：ＣＴ导引下经皮穿刺抽吸硬化剂治疗肾囊肿是一种安全、并发症低、疗效高的有价值的治疗方法。     

CT导向下无水酒精两次硬化法治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿123例报告

目的：利用全身CT机图像密度分辨率高和定位准确的特点，评价CT导向下无刨性穿刺、抽吸、硬化治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿疗效。方法：选择囊肿直径大干3．0cm的有临床症状的单纯性肾囊肿病人123例，采用自制金属定位栅实施抽吸囊液后二次无水酒精囊内硬化法，采用了四点无痛措施。术后6个月B超CT复查随访。结果：二．次无水酒精囊内硬化法疗效明显高于一次硬化法，囊肿消失、基本消失达98．37％。囊腔消失、受压肾实质复形、局部肾皮质皱缩机化钙化是影像学的基本愈合表现。结论：CT导向下无创性介入治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿多数情况下可以替代外科治疗，值得推广应用。     

CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿

目的 评价CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月在上海市第六人民医院东院接受CT导引下肾囊肿穿刺硬化治疗的50例（52枚）肾囊肿患者临床资料。术前完善出凝血功能、肝肾功能及增强CT检查，排除禁忌病例，确定治疗体位和聚桂醇用量。术中使用Bard 18 G活检针穿刺抽液，囊液吸净后用0.9%氯化钠溶液40～100 mL冲洗1～2次，注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂（氧气和聚桂醇按1∶1配比）。参照WHO实体瘤疗效评价标准评价硬化治疗效果。结果 所有患者肾囊肿穿刺一次成功。囊肿大小范围为4.3～12 cm，抽出囊液40～900 mL，颜色淡黄或清亮。囊肿内注入聚桂醇泡沫剂15～60 mL。抽吸硬化治疗全程顺利，患者均无并发症发生。术后所有患者临床症状明显好转或消失。术后3、6个月随访显示，总显效率、有效率分别为71.15%、98.07%。结论 CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿创伤小、操作简单、费用低、住院时间短、效果显著，可替代外科手术治疗。尤其是对肾上极囊肿硬化治疗，CT导引优于超声导引。     

CT引导下肾囊肿穿刺硬化剂治疗的评价

目的 :分析影响CT导引下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿疗效的因素和预防并发症的方法。方法 :对 96例 13 5个肾囊肿行CT导引下无水乙醇 (纯度 99.7% )硬化治疗 ,囊肿直径 2 .8～ 12 .0cm ,用 2 0G抽吸针穿刺 ,抽液后注入无水乙醇 ,注入量为抽出液的 2 5 .0 %。留置 15min后抽出注入的无水乙醇 ,重新注入少量无水乙醇保留。对于囊液大于 3 0 0ml的囊肿则多次冲洗 ,直至抽出液清亮。结果 :该组随访 5 1例 ,有效率 94.1% ,囊肿消失率 84.3 % ,无严重并发症发生。结论 :CT导引下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿方法简便 ,疗效好 ,并发症少 ,是一种非常有价值的治疗方法。     

CT导引下置猪尾导管硬化治疗巨大肝肾囊肿疗效观察

目的探讨CT导引下穿刺置猪尾引流管硬化巨大肝肾囊肿安全性及疗效。方法CT导引下对17例巨大肝肾囊肿患者,穿刺置入7F猪尾导管引流,并且每日注射无水乙醇或乙酸1次。对于囊液<500ml者,每次注入硬化剂后夹闭引流管,24h后再开放引流。囊液大于500ml者,硬化后立即开放引流。所有患者24h引流量<10ml时,再次硬化后拔除引流管。其中肝囊肿平均拔管时间40d;肾囊肿10d。结果本组硬化治疗后6个月,复查B超示治愈17例,治愈率100%。无一例出血、感染及出现心脑血管并发症。结论CT导引下置猪尾巴管硬化治疗巨大肝肾囊肿简单安全、疗效满意。     

CT导引下肝肾囊肿抽液硬化治疗

ＣＴ导引下肝肾囊肿抽液硬化治疗初建国王绍武郎志谨肝囊肿、肾囊肿系一种良性病变。有临床症状的巨大肝、肾囊肿要行手术治疗或反复穿刺引流，患者痛苦大，部分病例效果不理想。我院１９９０－０８～１９９２－０８对有临床症状的肝、肾囊肿８例患者行ＣＴ导引下囊肿穿刺...     

CT导向下肾囊肿的穿刺硬化治疗

目的 评价CT导向下经皮穿刺无水乙醇注射治疗肾囊肿的临床应用价值。资料与方法 16例24个肾囊肿，其中单纯性肾囊肿10例，肾盂旁囊肿2例，多囊肾4例，在CT导向下行穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗，分析其并发症，并追踪观察其疗效。结果 16例中，24个囊肿顺利完成穿刺硬化治疗，无严重并发症发生，对18个囊肿术后追踪观察3个月-1年，0-Ⅲ级囊肿疗效个数分别为1（5.6%)，2（11.1%),3(16.7%)和12（66.7%)，临床症状缓解率为81.8%(9/11)。结论 CT导向下经皮肾囊肿穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水酒精治疗的应用

目的 探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿并注射无水酒精(PEI)的治疗技术、疗效、适应证及并发症，总结其操作特点。方法 在CT导引下对125例肾囊肿中的221个行PEI治疗，其中单发囊肿77例，多发囊肿47例，多囊肾1例。半年后复查并观察疗效。对其并发症对症治疗。结果 疗效0级-Ⅲ级分别为1．36％(3个)，86％（19个)，20．8％(46个)，69．2％(153个)，总有效率约98．6％。临床症状明显减轻或消失者84例，约67．2％，并发症12例，结论 CT导引下PEI是一种简单、安全、高效、低价的治疗方法。其关键在于成功注入酒精。其操作重点在于减轻或减少注入酒精时的疼痛。     

多层螺旋CT导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床价值

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法：经MSCT或MRI诊断的91例107个肾囊肿在MSCT导向下经皮穿刺抽吸、冲洗后注入无水乙醇（99.7%）,注入量为抽出囊液量的25%~30%。须多次抽吸冲洗,直至抽出液清亮。术后螺旋CT跟踪随访1年,评价其疗效。结果：本组107个囊肿穿刺成功率100%,其中71个囊肿在治疗后消失,34个囊肿较治疗前缩小,2个囊肿未见改变。治疗有效率98.1%。所有病例均未出现严重并发症。结论：MSCT引导下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿是一种安全有效的治疗方法,有重要的临床应用价值。     

Epidermal inclusion cyst of phalanx: a case report and review of the literature

Epidermal cyst within a toe phalanx is an extremely rare condition. It is important to differentiate this benign lesion, which can be easily treated by curettage, from other benign and malignant lesions of the bone with a similar clinical presentation, and which may require amputation of the toe. This report describes one such lesion in the mid-phalanx of the fourth toe in a 48-year-old woman, and which was successfully identified by intra-operative frozen diagnosis and treated by curettage.     

超声引导下卵巢囊肿穿刺术与腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术治疗卵巢囊肿的疗效比较

目的比较超声引导下卵巢囊肿穿刺术与腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术治疗卵巢囊肿的疗效。方法选取2016年1月至2018年10月我院卵巢囊肿患者50例,随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各25例。对照组行腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术治疗,观察组行超声引导下卵巢囊肿穿刺术治疗。比较2组手术相关指标及卵泡数、卵巢体积。结果观察组手术用时、住院用时、术中出血量、术后排气用时均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术后,2组卵泡数以及卵巢体积低于手术前,而观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下卵巢囊肿穿刺术治疗卵巢囊肿的效果优于腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术治疗,且对卵巢的影响较小,利于改善患者预后。     

Midline cystic malformations of the brain: imaging diagnosis and classification based on embryologic analysis

This article describes a classification and imaging diagnosis of intracranial midline cystic malformations based on neuroembryologic analysis. Midline cystic malformations are classified into two categories from an embryologic point of view. In one category, the cyst represents expansion of the roof plate of the brain vesicle, and in the other the cyst consists of extraaxial structures such as an arachnoid membrane or migrating ependymal cells. Infratentorial cysts, such as the Dandy-Walker cyst or Blake's pouch cyst, and supratentorial cysts, such as a communicating interhemispheric cyst with callosal agenesis or a dorsal cyst with holoprosencephaly, are included in the first category. Infratentorial arachnoid cavities, such as the arachnoid cyst, arachnoid pouch, and mega cisterna magna, are in the second category. Noncommunicating interhemispheric cysts, such as interhemispheric arachnoid cyst or ependymal cyst, with callosal agenesis are also in the second category. A careful review of embryologic development is essential for understanding these midline cysts and for making a more accurate radiologic diagnosis. This work was presented as an educational lecture at the 64^th Japan Radiological Society meeting (April 2005) in Yokohama.     

眶额区先天性皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿的CT表现(附4例报道及文献复习)

目的 报道眶额区皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿的CT征象. 资料与方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的眶额区皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿各2例的CT表现. 结果 4例囊肿边界清晰,囊内密度不均,3例以脂性密度为主,其中2例表皮样囊肿局限性压迫额骨颧突,1例皮样囊肿以水样密度为主伴小斑片低密度影,沿颧额缝向外生长. 结论 眶额区皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿具有特征性CT表现.     

关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的影像学诊断

目的 探讨关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的发病机制、临床表现及X线特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。资料与方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的11例关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿的临床及影像学资料，其中5例位于膝关节附近，5例位于踝关节附近，1例位于肘关节，且均为单发。结果 11例X线表现：7例为单房性圆形或椭圆形密度减低区，其中2例与关节腔有一宽约1mm的通道；2例呈多房性囊状扩张，其内有粗细不等的间隔；另2例呈半圆形骨质缺损，开口朝向关节腔。11例均显示边界清楚，周围有宽约1mm的硬化边。结论 关节旁骨内腱鞘囊肿在临床和X线片上可早期诊断，但应与相关疾病鉴别，防止误诊。     

Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas: radiological and pathological findings

We report a case of a rare lymphoepithelial cyst of the body of the pancreas that developed in a woman complaining of constipation for 15 years. Ultrasonography revealed a homogeneous isoechoic lesion, while CT demonstrated a polycystic homogeneous mass with central scar and calcification. Cytological investigation of a CT-guided biopsy permitted diagnosis of lymphoepithelial cyst. The patient was operated on and had an uneventful recovery. The histological finding was of a cyst wall lined with keratinised squamous epithelium surrounded by lymphoid tissue with reactive follicular hyperplasia. The radiological findings and differential diagnosis are discussed. Correspondence to: D. Regge     

Myelographic and MRI appearances of a thoracic spinal extradural arachnoid cyst of the spine with extra-and intraspinal extension

Summary An unusual arachnoid, cyst of the thoracic spine is reported. The clinical and neuroradiological features are described.     

Enterogenous cyst of cervical spine: clinical and radiological aspects (including CT and MRI)

Summary Enterogenous cysts are relatively rare causes of spinal cord compression. A case of enterogenous cyst causing compression of spinal cord at C2–3 is presented. Radiological findings, including MRI, are discussed.     

An Inflammatory Dentigerous Cyst Shows Rim Uptake on Bone Scan: A Case Report

Dentigerous cysts are developmental odontogenic jaw cysts, commonly manifesting in the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. This article presents an extremely rare case of dentigerous cyst showing increased uptake in the peripheral rim on bone scan. Herein, we discuss the clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of dentigerous cysts as well as the pathological mechanism underlying their activities on the bone scan. Bone scan was a sensitive tool for detecting the biologic activity of dentigerous cyst in our case.