多拷贝水蛭素基因在毕赤酵母中的分泌型表达

目的:通过多拷贝克隆技术实现水蛭素(Hirudin)基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达.方法:利用基因重组技术,从pPIC9-Hirudin中扩增α-facor-Hirudin插入到载体pA0815中,并构建pA0815-(α-Hirudin)n多拷贝重组质粒,转化毕赤酵母GS115后进行诱导表达,并鉴定表达产物活性.结果:PCR证实成功构建了水蛭素多拷贝毕赤酵母表达载体pA0815-(α-Hirudin)n,经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳证实能成功高效分泌重组水蛭素,活性测定表明表达的水蛭素有良好的抗凝血活性.结论:成功构建了分泌型水蛭素多拷贝质粒,筛选出多拷贝稳定整合表达菌株,成功表达出具有抗凝血活性的1 600 ATU/mL重组水蛭素,为大规模表达纯化水蛭素蛋白及其临床应用奠定了基础.     

N-糖基化IL-24的表达及体外诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究

目的构建IL-24基因的真核表达载体,在毕赤酵母GS115中高效表达,研究重组N-糖基化IL-24蛋白体外诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的活性。方法借助过渡质粒α/pUC18,将IL-24基因插入到质粒pPIC9K的BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ之间,构建重组质粒IL-24/pPIC9K,转化毕赤酵母GS115分泌表达,Tricine-SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定目的蛋白,ELISA检测蛋白表达量,糖苷酶PNGaseF分析IL-24糖基化形式和程度。MTT法和形态学分析重组IL-24诱导MCF-7乳腺癌细胞凋亡的活性。结果成功构建重组表达质粒IL-24/pPIC9K,IL-24在毕赤酵母最高表达量为(81.31±14.46)mg·L-1。约70%的IL-24发生了N-糖基化。重组IL-24诱导MCF-7乳腺癌细胞凋亡,对正常人肺成纤维细胞NHLF没有影响。N-糖基化IL-24对MCF-7抑制率约高于去糖基化IL-24。结论毕赤酵母分泌形式的表达和适度的糖基化修饰都有利于目的蛋白IL-24的生物学活性,为后续的研究提供基础。     

蝎毒镇痛活性肽基因BmK AngM1的密码子优化及其真核表达分析

密码子的偏爱性是影响基因异源表达的重要因素,通过对外源基因的密码子序列进行优化可提高其表达水平。为了获得蝎毒镇痛活性肽基因BmK AngM1在毕赤酵母中的高效表达,根据毕赤酵母密码子偏爱性,将BmK AngM1基因中的毕赤酵母低利用率密码子突变为其高利用率简并密码子,克隆到表达载体pPIC9K中,转化毕赤酵母,甲醇诱导表达;重组蛋白表达量测定结果显示,优化后的BmK AngM1基因在毕赤酵母中的表达水平是优化前的3.7倍。研究结果表明,密码子优化能显著提高BmK AngM1基因在毕赤酵母中的表达水平。     

葡激酶在毕赤酵母中的表达及纯化

目的探索葡激酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达和纯化方法。方法根据毕赤酵母的偏性合成了葡激酶基因,克隆到分泌型酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,重组载体线性化后,转化毕赤酵母GS115,甲醇诱导表达。应用DEAE-Sepharose FF、Q-Sepharose FF和Sephacry1 S-200凝胶过滤层析法纯化表达产物,采用溶圈法对纯化产物进行生物学活性测定。结果葡激酶在毕赤酵母中GS115的表达量约站总蛋白的45%;表达产物经DEAE-Sepharose FF、Q-Sepharose FF和SephacrylS-200纯化后纯度达到95%;测得其比活为5.2×10^4AU/mg。结论利用毕赤酵母成功进行了重组葡激酶基因的表达及其表达产物的纯化。     

重组人组织因子在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达的研究

目的构建含有人组织因子(h TF)基因的毕赤酵母高效表达系统,实现胞外高效分泌表达。方法全基因合成h TF胞外区序列,PCR扩增该基因片段,经Xho I和Xba I双酶切后,和表达载体p GAPZa A相连,并电转化毕赤酵母SMD1168H。在YPD培养基中进行表达,取培养基上清进行SDS-PAGE检测,并利用Western进行确证,通过BCA法检测胞外蛋白表达量。结果在毕赤酵母中成功表达人组织因子,通过Western确证目的蛋白分子量大小正确,BCA法检测摇瓶表达胞外总蛋白达1 g/L,Bandscan软件分析目的蛋白占胞外总蛋白80%以上。结论本研究实现了截短型人组织因子在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达,获得了具有与完整因子相同凝血活性的截短型组织因子。     

T4溶菌酶在毕赤酵母中的诱导表达及抑菌活性测定

目的利用毕赤酵母诱导表达T4溶菌酶蛋白并测定其抗菌活性。方法T4溶菌酶（T4lysozyme）基因以N端融合的方式被准确插入到质粒pPIC9K的EcoR I-Not I位点内,得到分泌型重组表达载体 pPIC9K-T4L。该载体首先经限制性内切酶Sal I酶切,进而采用电击方法将线性化的重组质粒DNA导入到毕赤酵母中。经过梯度筛选得到多个单拷贝和多拷贝转化重组子。随机挑取部分重组子PCR扩增阳性克隆,经菌体培养和甲醇诱导后获得了分泌表达,表达产物存在于培养上清液中。结果表达蛋白经琼脂孔扩散抗菌实验显示抑菌圈明显;重组蛋白对金黄色葡萄球菌与肺炎链球菌均具有显著抑制作用;多拷贝与单拷贝重组表达子没有抗菌活性差异与蛋白表达量的差异;加热煮沸对于T4溶菌酶蛋白的抗菌活性无明显影响。结论T4溶菌酶在毕赤酵母中得以成功诱导与表达;表达产物不受拷贝数影响并具热稳定性。     

双表达盒人骨唾液酸蛋白毕赤酵母工程细胞的构建

目的构建含人骨唾液酸蛋白(hBSP)双表达盒的毕赤酵母工程细胞,为hBSP在毕赤酵母中的高效非融合分泌表达奠定基础。方法用PCR方法扩增hBSP基因,将其亚克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA中,并在此基础上构建含有双表达盒的重组pPICZαAN-2×hBSP载体,电转化毕赤酵母GS115,通过Zeocin高抗性筛选转化子并对其表型进行PCR鉴定。结果得到GS115/pPICZαAN-hBSP和GS115/pPICZαAN-2×hBSP毕赤酵母工程细胞。结论GS115/pPICZαAN-2×hBSP毕赤酵母工程细胞中含双表达盒hBSP。     

胞红蛋白酵母表达载体构建与表达纯化

胞红蛋白是脊椎动物珠蛋白超家族的一员,具有重要的生物学功能,已在大肠杆菌中成功表达。酵母表达系统作为常用的真核表达系统,具有外源蛋白表达蛋白量大且活性高等优点。该研究通过PCR扩增技术获得胞红蛋白编码基因并通过DNA重组技术构建并鉴定了胞红蛋白毕赤酵母分泌型表达载体CYGB-pGAPZαA。将重组载体经单酶切线性化后通过电转化法转入毕赤酵母GS115,利用梯度浓度的Zeocin抗生素和PCR技术筛选得到阳性转化子。工程菌经发酵培养后,发酵上清液经镍柱分离得到较高纯度的目的蛋白,并经电泳等方法验证鉴定。     

人胰岛素生长因子-1基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

研究人胰岛素生长因子-1(Insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)在巴斯德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)GS115中的表达.用聚合酶链反应法(PCR)和基因重组技术构建重组人胰岛素生长因子毕赤酵母表达载体并在毕赤酵母中进行表达.SDS-PAGE分析和质谱测定产物分子量7.6kD和理论值相同.人胰岛素生长因子在毕赤酵母的分泌表达为今后的研究打下基础.     

幽门螺杆菌多表位肽在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达

构建分泌表达幽门螺杆菌多表位肽CTB-UE的毕赤酵母。以原核表达载体pET-22b-CTB-UE为模板,通过PCR扩增得到融合His-tag的ctb-ue基因序列,将其插入酵母表达载体pPIC9K,得到重组表达载体pPIC9K-CTB-UE。重组表达载体pPIC9K-CTB-UE经内切酶Sal I线性化后,电击转化进毕赤酵母GS115,通过组氨酸缺陷性MD平板筛选重组菌株,G418抗性筛选多拷贝转化子,阳性转化子经PCR鉴定,摇瓶发酵表达,取上清经过超滤浓缩,Ni-NTP亲和层析纯化,透析脱盐,SDS-PAGE检测,Western blot验证。结果获得了整合有ctb-ue基因的毕赤酵母,诱导后分泌表达的CTB-UE蛋白能够与His-tag抗体发生特异性反应。成功构建了分泌型毕赤酵母GS115(pPIC9K-CTB-UE),能分泌表达幽门螺杆菌多表位肽CTB-UE。     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Emerging drugs for epilepsy

Epilepsy affects ≤ 1% of the world's population. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, although more than a third of patients are not rendered seizure free with existing medications. Uncontrolled epilepsy is associated with increased mortality and physical injuries, and a range of psychosocial morbidities, posing a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Limitations of the present AEDs include suboptimal efficacy and their association with a host of adverse reactions. Continued efforts are being made in drug development to overcome these shortcomings employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structure of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism-based drug screening of compounds in traditional and newer animal models. This article reviews the need for new treatments and discusses some of the emerging compounds that have entered clinical development. The ultimate goal is to develop novel agents that can prevent the occurrence of seizures and the progression of epilepsy in at risk individuals.     

盐酸达泊西汀中甲磺酸甲酯、甲磺酸乙酯及甲磺酸异丙酯的顶空毛细管GC-ECD法测定

建立了衍生化顶空毛细管气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)法测定盐酸达泊西汀中的甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)、甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)和甲磺酸异丙酯(IMS).应用碘化钠衍生技术,使用PW-5毛细管柱,载气为氮气,ECD检测,程序升温.MMS、EMS和IMS分别在0.03～0.30、0.05～0.50和0.05～0.50 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为63.5％、100.3％和96.2％,最低检测限分别为0.30、0.50和0.50 ng/ml.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.