脾切除治疗肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进的研究

目的探讨肝豆状核变性(肝豆)合并脾功能亢进(脾亢)患者行脾切除的手术指证及可行性.方法总结分析1991年1月至2001年1月124例肝豆合并脾亢患者脾切除病例,比较术前与术后2周外周血细胞变化.结果术后全血细胞明显升高(P＜0.05～0.001).结论肝豆合并脾亢行脾切除治疗适应证明确,术后疗效满意.持续驱铜和加强围手术期保肝治疗是手术成功的重要保证.     

肝豆状核变性脾功能亢进脾切除术期间血小板变化

目的 :观察肝豆状核变性脾功能亢进脾切除术期间血小板的变化。方法 :30例脾切除术患者根据术前出血情况、血小板数量及凝血状态检验结果分为全麻组和连续硬膜外麻醉组各 15例 ,于麻醉前、切皮前、脾血管阻断前和术毕分别抽取末梢血液进行血小板计数。结果 :全麻组切皮前、脾血管阻断前与麻醉前、术毕比较 ,血小板数明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;连续硬膜外麻醉组切皮前、脾血管阻断前与麻醉前、术毕比较亦明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 )。麻醉前与术毕 ,切皮前与脾前相比 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :肝豆状核变性脾功能亢进病人切脾术期间麻醉后、脾血管阻断前末梢血中血小板计数明显减少 ,术中有凝血功能下降、出血增加的倾向 ,应予以重视。     

脾动脉部分栓塞治疗脾功能亢进

用明胶海绵颗粒或条作脾动脉部分栓塞治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进患者9例，脾栓塞面积在50～70％之间，栓塞后2周周围血白细胞血小板数均升至正常数范围，所有病例无严重并发症出现。9例随访10～20月血白细胞、血小板数均在正常范围，同时有不同程度脾缩小。故认为选择合适症例、适当的梗塞范围可提高疗效、减少并发症。随访观察表明脾动脉部分栓塞术治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进疗效确切，可替代单纯外科脾切除。     

Wilson病病理性脾切除对体液免疫功能的影响

目的探讨肝豆状核变性(肝豆)门脉高压症患者行脾切除术后对机体体液免疫功能的影响。方法回顾分析26例肝豆门脉高压症患者术前1周和行脾切除脾术后3周机体体液免疫功能(IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4)的变化。结果肝豆肝硬化门脉高压症患者,脾切除脾术后3周IgA、C3、C4较术前显著升高(P<0.01～0.001),而IgG、IgM无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论肝豆门脉高压症淤血肿大的脾脏对体液免疫功能有抑制作用,脾切除后获得改善。     

部分脾栓塞治疗肝癌伴脾亢的疗效

目的对肝癌伴脾功能亢进患者行部分脾栓塞使其血细胞恢复正常，以便继续行肝动脉化疗栓塞。方法对36例不能手术切除，且血细胞低于正常的肝癌伴脾功能亢进患者行部分脾栓塞，栓塞面积控制在40％-60％，栓塞前后测定血细胞数量。结果脾栓术后24h．、2周、4周的白细胞和血小板均较栓塞前明显提高。结论部分脾栓塞治疗脾功能亢进，能提高血细胞数量，使肝癌伴脾功能亢进患者能继续肝动脉化疗栓塞。     

肝豆状核变性并发肝硬化的诊断和治疗

目的了解肝豆状核变性引起肝硬化患者的临床特点和诊治情况。方法回顾性分析5例肝豆状核变性临床资料,对合并肝硬变、脾功能亢进和门静脉高压症的情况进行分析。结果①35例均以肝功能损害为首发症状。②肝脏大小平均为肋下2.2cm,脾脏大小平均为肋下2.7cm,WBC2.4×109/L,PLT45×109/L。结论肝硬化、脾功能亢进和门静脉高压症是本病最常见的合并症,脾切除手术能改善肝功能,提高肝豆状核变性的疗效。     

肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进患者脾切除前后入肝血管血流变化的超声评价

目的:观测肝豆状核变性(HLD)肝硬化合并脾功能亢进患者脾切除前后入肝血管(肝动脉、门静脉)血流动力学改变情况。方法:应用彩色多普勒超声分别检测46例HLD脾切除患者术前和术后7 d和14 d入肝血管的血流参数,分析血流动力学参数改变情况。结果:脾切除术后7 d,门静脉主干内径、右支管腔内径均缩小,右支最大流速减慢,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05～P<0.01);术后14 d,门静脉右支最大血流速度明显较术后7 d上升(P<0.01);术前、术后7 d和14 d,门静脉主干和右支管腔内径差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前、术后7 d和术后14 d右肝动脉峰值血流速度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),而阻力指数变化差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:HLD肝硬化合并脾功能亢进患者脾脏切除术后,入肝血管血流变化显著。     

部分性脾动脉栓塞术治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进136例疗效观察

目的 观察治疗肝硬化并发脾功能亢进,采用部分性脾栓塞术(PSE)的疗效.方法 回顾性研究本院采用PSE治疗的136例患者,经股动脉插管对部分脾动脉用明胶海绵颗粒进行栓塞,根据肝功能情况及脾亢程度决定脾脏栓塞范围,术后随访2a,定期检查血常规、肝肾功能、AFP、肝脾B超及胸片等,观察疗效.结果 白细胞计数在PSE后1～3d显著升高,超过正常值,7d后降至正常值;血小板在术后14d内一直处于上升的状态,2周后达到正常,并趋于平稳;血红蛋白计数在手术前后无明显变化;门脉宽度2～6周一直在缩小,6～12个月后,其继续缩小,呈现出显著性统计学差异.术后136例患者均有不同程度的并发症.由于加强了术后保肝及支持治疗,136例患者中均未出现肝功能恶化,未出现上消化道出血、脾周围脓肿、脾破裂等严重并发症.结论 PSE治疗肝硬化并发脾功能亢进,具有创伤小、安全有效、效果显著的优点,值得临床推广应用.     

部分性脾动脉栓塞治疗肝硬化合并脾功能亢进25例临床分析

目的 探讨部分性脾动脉栓塞(PSE)治疗肝硬化合并脾功能亢进的效果.方法 对25例脾功能亢进患者利用Cobra导管,超选择至脾下极动脉处,以明胶海绵条为栓塞剂行PSE,治疗前后测定血细胞数量,同时观察患者临床症状及脾脏大小的改变.结果 25例患者中,19例脾栓塞面积在50%～60%,4例70%～80%,2例脾栓塞面积在30%～40%.15例术后1周血细胞计数升至正常,9例术后1个月升至正常.术后23例CT示脾脏体积缩小.不良反应主要为发热和腹痛,对症处理后缓解.结论 PSE治疗脾功能亢进是安全、有效的方法.     

部分脾栓塞在肝癌伴脾亢介入治疗中的应用

目的：对原发性肝癌伴脾功能亢进患者行部分脾栓塞，使其血细胞恢复正常，以便能进一步行肝动脉化疗。方法：对46例不能手术切除、且血细胞明显低于正常的肝癌伴脾亢的患者行部分脾栓塞术，栓塞面积控制在50%～70%。结果：脾栓塞术后血白细胞和血小板均较栓塞前明显升高。结论：部分脾栓塞能治疗脾功能亢进，提高血细胞数量，使肝癌伴脾亢患者的肝动脉化疗能正常进行。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…